Search results for "Total"

Preoperative chemoradiation may not always be needed for patients with T3 and T2N+ rectal cancer

2011

BACKGROUND: Preoperative chemoradiation is becoming the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. However, since the introduction of total mesorectal excision (TME), local recurrence rates have been reduced significantly, and some patients can be spared from potentially toxic over treatment. The current study was designed to assess the factors that predict recurrence in an institutional series of patients with rectal cancer who had clinical T2 lymph node-positive (cT2N+) tumors or cT3N0/N+ tumors and underwent radical surgery without receiving preoperative chemoradiation. METHODS: Between November 1997 and November 2008, the authors' multidisciplinary group preope…

Expanded gentamicin volume of distribution in critically ill adult patients receiving total parenteral nutrition

1995

Aminoglycoside antibiotics distribute into the extracellular fluid compartment and are eliminated by the kidney via glomerular filtration. Malnutrition and total parenteral nutrition influence the fluid and electrolyte status of the patient, and cause organ changes. The purpose of this clinical study was to characterize the kinetic behaviour of gentamicin in the parenterally fed critically ill adult patient. Eighty-six critically ill adult patients treated with gentamicin for severe Gram-negative infections were enrolled in the study (mean +/- SD): age, 60 +/- 14 years; weight, 69.4 +/- 10.2 kg; height, 163 +/- 10 cm; 22 females and 64 males. Four study groups were defined (2 x 2): total pa…

Biodosimetry Based on γ-H2AX Quantification and Cytogenetics after Partial- and Total-Body Irradiation during Fractionated Radiotherapy

2015

The aim of this current study was to quantitatively describe radiation-induced DNA damage and its distribution in leukocytes of cancer patients after fractionated partial- or total-body radiotherapy. Specifically, the impact of exposed anatomic region and administered dose was investigated in breast and prostate cancer patients receiving partial-body radiotherapy. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) were quantified by γ-H2AX immunostaining. The frequency of unstable chromosomal aberrations in stimulated lymphocytes was also determined and compared with the frequency of DNA DSBs in the same samples. The frequency of radiation-induced DNA damage was converted into dose, using ex vivo generated ca…

Oxidative status in nondiabetic middle-aged subjects with metabolic syndrome: preliminary data.

2013

Validation of a short questionnaire to qualitatively assess the intake of total fat, saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and cho…

2003

Background  To validate a self-administered 20-item short questionnaire (SQ) for classifying individuals according to their intake of total fat, saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), as well as cholesterol. Methods  The SQ was sent to a randomly selected subsample of 300 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) in Heidelberg. The SQ was sent back by 244 participants (52.5% women, 47.5% men). Intake of total fat, SFA, MUFA, PUFA, and cholesterol was calculated from a 148-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The intake was compared with the scores computed from the SQ. Results  Spearman's correlation…

Determining the location of the body׳s center of mass for different groups of physically active people

2013

The purpose of the present study was to compare the location of the body center of mass (CoM) determined by using a high accuracy reaction board (RB) and two different segment parameter models for motion analysis (Dempster, 1955, DEM and de Leva, 1996 adjusted from Zatsiorsky and Seluyanov, ZAT). The body CoM (expressed as percentage of the total body height) was determined from several subjects including athletes as well as physically active students and sedentary people. Some significant differences were found in the location of the body CoM between the used segment models and the reaction board method for all male subjects (n=58, 57.03±0.79%, 56.20±0.76% and 57.60±0.76% for RB, ZAT and D…

The Path of Cicely Saunders: The “Peculiar Beauty” of Palliative Care

2019

This paper is aimed at focusing on the writings and the experience of the Hospice movement Founder, Dame Cicely Saunders. The in-depth analysis carried out had the objective of verifying if “the way” of Cicely to understand, live and propose palliative care was still current and “beautiful”, so that we can nowadays refer to her fascinating “Original Palliative Care”. With “beauty” we mean, on the one hand, a way able to allow a personal path of research of the meaning of the disease and of the care, both for those who care and for those who are cared for. On the other hand, it seems to us that Cicely strongly suggests how this path can not be carried out alone, but is only possible within …

Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone Monitoring During Parathyroidectomy for Hyperparathyroidism in Waiting List and Kidney Transplant Patients

2006

This report describes the use of the intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) assay during parathyroidectomy in waiting list and transplanted patients. ioPTH levels were determined in 40 patients on the waiting list for kidney transplantation with secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy and 9 transplanted patients with tertiary hyperparathyroidism who underwent removal of hyperplasic glands. Rapid PTH levels decreased significantly at each time period; the percentage decrease in rapid PTH levels was 61.3% among patients with IPT II and 70.2% in patients with IPT III at 10 minutes and 86.5% in patients with IPT II and 91% in patients with IPT III at 15 minute…

Association between intake of nutrients and food groups and liking for fat (The Nutrinet-Santé Study)

2014

Apart from the established association between liking for fat and fat intake, little is known about the association between liking for fat and intake of specific nutrients or food groups. We investigated the association between dietary intake and liking for fat, fat-and-sweet and fat-and-salt. Liking scores were constructed using a validated preference questionnaire administered to 41,595 French adults participating in the Nutrinet-Santé study. Dietary data were collected using web-based 24 h records. Relationships between liking and dietary intake were assessed using linear regression adjusted for age and energy intake. Results are expressed in percentage difference of intake between indiv…

Low rectal cancer: abdominoperineal resection or low Hartmann resection? A postoperative outcome analysis.

2011

BACKGROUND In distal rectum cancers, when the sphincters are not affected and it is not possible to perform a coloanal anastomosis because of the presence of comorbidities or the advanced age of the patient, a low Hartmann resection with total mesorectal excision can be performed. Low Hartmann resection is usually considered to be a shorter procedure and to have an inferior morbidity compared with abdominoperineal resection of the rectum. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the postoperative outcome of a series of patients with low rectal cancer who have undergone either low Hartmann resection or abdominoperineal resection. DESIGN This study is a retrospective analysis of data collected i…