Search results for "Toxic"

showing 10 items of 6968 documents

Dihydrocucurbitacin B, isolated from Cayaponia tayuya, reduces damage in adjuvant-induced arthritis

2005

23,24-Dihydrocucurbitacin B, from the anti-rheumatic plant Cayaponia tayuya, was tested on arthritis induced by adjuvant to corroborate the anti-inflammatory properties of this plant. Arthritis was induced in Lewis rats; the resulting arthritic rats were then treated with dihydrocucurbitacin B (1 mg/kg orally, daily, 1 week). The effect of dihydrocucurbitacin B on the synthesis, release, and activity of pro-inflammatory enzymes (elastase, cyclooxygenase-2, and nitric oxide synthase-2) as well as its effect on different mediators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta) were determined. Dihydrocucurbitacin B modified the evolution of the clinical symptoms, reducing the swelling an…

medicine.medical_specialtyCell Survivalmedicine.medical_treatmentAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAdministration OralNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIPainArthritisPlant RootsDinoprostoneCell LineNitric oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundSuperoxidesInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsLymphocytesNitritesPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugPancreatic ElastasebiologyPlant Extractsbusiness.industryMacrophagesElastasemedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationArthritis ExperimentalTriterpenesCayaponia tayuyaRatsEnzyme ActivationNitric oxide synthaseCucurbitaceaeEndocrinologyCytokinechemistryCyclooxygenase 2Rats Inbred LewAntirheumatic AgentsToxicitybiology.proteinCytokinesFemaleTumor necrosis factor alphabusinessPhytotherapyEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
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Intermittent ethanol exposure induces inflammatory brain damage and causes long-term behavioural alterations in adolescent rats

2007

Adolescent brain development seems to be important for the maturation of brain structures and behaviour. Intermittent binge ethanol drinking is common among adolescents, and this type of drinking can induce brain damage. Because we have demonstrated that chronic ethanol treatment induces inflammatory processes in the brain, we investigate whether intermittent ethanol intoxication enhances cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in adolescent rats, and whether these mediators induce brain damage and cause permanent cognitive dysfunctions. Adolescent rats were exposed to ethanol (3.0 g/kg) for two consecutive days at 48-h intervals over 14 days. Levels of COX-2, iN…

medicine.medical_specialtyCerebellumProgrammed cell deathIndomethacinHippocampusNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIInflammationBrain damageMotor ActivityNeuropsychological TestsDiscrimination Learningchemistry.chemical_compoundindomethacinInternal medicineintermittent ethanol intoxicationmedicineAnimalsDrug InteractionsRats WistarAnalysis of VarianceNeocortexEthanolbiologyBehavior AnimalCell DeathEthanolCaspase 3General NeuroscienceAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalBrainRecognition PsychologyRatsNitric oxide synthasemedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologychemistryAnimals NewbornneurobehaviourCyclooxygenase 2inflammationAnesthesiabiology.proteinEncephalitisadolescencemedicine.symptomPsychologyPsychomotor Performance
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Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

1984

Chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis, has undergone with the passing of years great changes because of the discovery of new antibiotics, and also because of a more precise identification of their effectiveness in terms of ability and speed in sputum conversion and to the ability to induce recovery and avoid relapses. Therefore in the anti-tubercular therapy we must consider the following points: Effectiveness of drugs Route of administration Recovery time Clinical and bacteriological relapses Toxicity Cost/benefit ratio

medicine.medical_specialtyChemotherapybusiness.industrymedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentAntibioticsRoute of administrationPulmonary tuberculosisToxicitymedicineSputummedicine.symptomIntensive care medicinebusiness
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Dental treatment considerations in the chemotherapy patient

2011

Cancer patients can suffer oral toxic effects secondary to antineoplastic therapy in the form of radiotherapy and/ or chemotherapy. This risk is conditioned by a range of factors, including the high cell turnover rate of the oral mucosa, the diversity and complexity of the oral microflora, and soft tissue trauma during normal oral function. The present study offers a literature review of the main oral complications secondary to chemotherapy, and describes the different options for dental treatment before, during and after oncological treatment, published in the scientific literature. To this effect a PubMed-Medline® search was made using the following keywords: chemotherapy, cancer therapy,…

medicine.medical_specialtyChemotherapybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentNeurotoxicityCancerOdontologíaHigh cell:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseaseCiencias de la saludSurgeryRadiation therapystomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASmedicineMucositisOral mucosabusinessIntensive care medicineOsteonecrosis of the jawGeneral DentistryJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
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Toxisches Schock Syndrom

1990

We report about a one year old girl with toxic shock syndrome (TSS), which was confirmed by a significant rise of TSST-1 titers. In addition to known manifestations of TSS, to our knowledge this is the first report about development of polyserositis in this disease. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was elevated at initial evaluation and fell under treatment with cortisone. This finding is in contrast to in-vitro observations. We believe that the use of cortisone in TSS warrants further investigation.

medicine.medical_specialtyChemotherapygenetic structuresbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentToxic shock syndromebacterial infections and mycosesmedicine.diseaseGastroenterologyInternal medicinePediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthImmunologymedicineTumor necrosis factor alphaCortisonebusinessmedicine.drugKlinische Pädiatrie
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Amsacrine with high-dose cytarabine is highly effective therapy for refractory and relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults

1988

Abstract Thirty-six patients with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and four with primary refractory ALL were treated with a regimen that included amsacrine, 200 mg/m2, intravenously daily for three days with cytarabine, 3 gm/m2, by infusion over three hours daily for five days. There were 27 remissions in the 36 relapsed patients and two in the four patients with primary refractory disease. Seventeen of the 23 patients with common ALL, four of the six with T-cell ALL, one of the three with B-cell ALL, and seven of eight whose cells were not characterized responded. Toxicity of this regimen was comparable to other reinduction regimens for ALL, but the side effects characteristic o…

medicine.medical_specialtyChemotherapymedicine.drug_classbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyCell BiologyHematologymedicine.diseaseBiochemistryAntimetaboliteGastroenterologySurgeryRegimenRefractoryAcute lymphocytic leukemiaInternal medicineToxicitymedicineCytarabinebusinessAmsacrinemedicine.drugBlood
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SARS-CoV-2 and the Risk Assessment Document in Italian Work: Specific or Generic Risk Even If Aggravated?

2021

In December 2019, several cases of atypical pneumonia were detected in Wuhan city, Hubei province, inland China. The initial outbreak was of considerable size first in China subsequently spread to the rest of the world. Immediately after the epidemic (which according to the World Health Organization had risen to pandemic status), the problem of whether or not to update the occupational risk assessment arose, also considering how the biological risk from SARS CoV-2 should be understood: specific or generic. To this end, we conducted a literature review to identify national health legislation and policies, examining how Italy has addressed the COVID-19 emergency in occupational health plannin…

medicine.medical_specialtyChinaoccupational medicineHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesislcsh:MedicineLegislationReviewSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataRisk AssessmentOccupational safety and healthOccupational medicine03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCOVID-19 Decree 81/2008 Law Occupational medicine Prevention and protection measures Risk assessment document Work China Humans Italy Risk Assessment COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2workEnvironmental healthPandemicmedicineHumansprevention and protection measures030212 general & internal medicinelawChina0303 health sciences030306 microbiologySARS-CoV-2lcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthCOVID-19medicine.diseasedecree 81/2008Work (electrical)Italyrisk assessment documentAtypical pneumoniaBusinessRisk assessment
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Compatibility of irinotecan-loaded DC Bead with different volumes and types of non-ionic contrast media.

2015

Objectives Irinotecan-loaded microspheres are used for simultaneous embolisation and chemotherapy of liver metastases of colorectal carcinoma. The aim of the study was to evaluate the compatibility of recently introduced DC Bead M1 (bead size 70–150 µm) loaded with irinotecan after admixture with different types and volumes of non-ionic contrast media over a maximum period of 24 h and storage at room temperature. Methods Test suspensions were prepared by loading 2 mL DC Bead M1 with 100 mg irinotecan within 2 h. The loading efficiency was determined by measuring the concentrations of irinotecan in the excess solutions via a reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) assay …

medicine.medical_specialtyChromatographyNon ionicChemistryElutionHigh-performance liquid chromatographyMicrosphereSurgeryIrinotecanContrast mediumCompatibility (mechanics)medicineSlurryOriginal ArticleGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceuticsmedicine.drugEuropean journal of hospital pharmacy : science and practice
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Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Pathogenesis and novel therapeutic approaches

2013

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a disease spectrum, ranging from mere hepatic steatosis to hepatic necroinflammation (NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis). NASH often leads to fibrosis, which can progress to cirrhosis with a high risk of liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. The course of NAFLD is highly variable, and only a minority of patients (2-3%) progress to end-stage liver disease. However, due to a dramatic increase of the risk factors for NAFLD, that is obesity and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, that affect 15-30% and 7-15% of subjects, in most industrialized countries, respectively, NAFLD has become the most frequent liver disease and is even conside…

medicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisHepatologybusiness.industryFatty liverGastroenterologynutritional and metabolic diseasesmedicine.diseaseBioinformaticsdigestive systemdigestive system diseasesLiver diseaseEndocrinologyInsulin resistanceLipotoxicityInternal medicinemedicineSteatosisSteatohepatitisMetabolic syndromebusinessJournal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
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What should be the patient's preference regarding the choice of hospital in the case of radical cystectomy? Evaluation of early complications…

2016

Jens Mani,1 Stefan Vallo,1 Maximilian P Brandt,1 Kilian M Gust,1 Claudia Bartsch,1 Johannes Daechert,1 Igor Tsaur,1 Georg Bartsch,2,* Axel Haferkamp1,* 1Department of Urology, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, 2Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: This study compares early complications after cystectomy and urinary diversion (UD) stratified by the surgical focus and case load of two different department chairpersons in a single institution in two time periods. Creating clear data about complications that can affect the quality of life is an important tool for patient…

medicine.medical_specialtyClavien-Dindo Classificationbusiness.industryHealth Policymedicine.medical_treatmentSignificant differenceUrinary diversion030232 urology & nephrologyMedicine (miscellaneous)University hospitalSurgeryCystectomy03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineVolume settingQuality of lifePatient Preference and Adherence030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMedicinebusinessComplicationPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)Social Sciences (miscellaneous)Patient Preference and Adherence
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