Search results for "Toxic"

Ergonomic Risk Assessment of Dental Students—RULA Applied to Objective Kinematic Data

2021

Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) is already prevalent in dental students despite their young age and the short duration of dental practice. The current findings state that the causes of MSD are related to posture during dental work. This study aims to investigate the ergonomic risk of dental students. In order to analyze the ergonomic risk of dental students, 3D motion analyses were performed with inertial sensors during the performance of standardized dental activities. For this purpose, 15 dental students and 15 dental assistant trainees (all right-handed) were measured in a team. Data were analyzed using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), which was modified to evaluate objective data.…

Influence of different CyA formulations and calcium channel blocker phenyhidine regimens on intracellular (erythrocyte) calcium levels after kidney t…

1997

Oestrogen receptor subtype-specific repression of calpain expression and calpain enzymatic activity in neuronal cells - implications for neuroprotect…

2006

Calpains represent a superfamily of Ca2+-activated cysteine-proteases, which are important mediators of apoptosis and necrosis. In the brain, m-calpain and micro-calpain, the two ubiquitous calpain-isoforms, are strongly activated in neurones after an excitotoxic Ca2+ influx occurring, for example, during cerebral ischemia. Because oestrogen and its receptors (ERalpha/ERbeta) can exert neuroprotective activity, we investigated their influence on expression of calpains and their endogenous inhibitor, calpastatin. We found that ectopic expression of ERalpha in human neuroblastoma SK-N-MC cells led to a ligand-independent constitutive down-regulation of m-calpain accompanied by an up-regulatio…

Inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ release by a Rho-kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ischemic damage in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons.

2008

The effects of hydroxy fasudil, a specific Rho-kinase inhibitor, on behavior and brain neuronal activity in animal studies have been described previously. However, whether a Rho-kinase inhibitor can directly protect neurons against ischemic damage and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. The present work was designed to investigate the effect of hydroxy fasudil against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) induced acute neuronal injury and the underlying mechanisms in vitro. Pretreatment with hydroxy fasudil at 5 and 10 microM could concentration-dependently improve cell viability and decrease Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level in extracellular solution of neur…

Industrial odour pollution and human health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

2021

Abstract Objective To conduct a systematic review to evaluate the association between residential or occupational short- and long–term exposure to odour pollution from industrial sources and the health status of the exposed population. Methods The searches were conducted in Medline, EMBASE and Scopus in April 2021. Exposure to an environmental odour from industrial sources in population resident near the source or in workers was considered. We considered outcomes for which there was a biological plausibility, such as wheezing and asthma, cough, headache, nausea and vomiting (primary outcomes). We also included stress-related symptoms and novel outcomes (e.g. mood states). Risk of bias was e…

Plant sterols from foods in inflammation and risk of cardiovascular disease: a real threat?

2014

High dietary intakes of cholesterol together with sedentary habits have been identified as major contributors to atherosclerosis. The latter has long been considered a cholesterol storage disease; however, today atherosclerosis is considered a more complex disease in which both innate and adaptive immune-inflammatory mechanisms as well as bacteria play a major role, in addition to interactions between the arterial wall and blood components. This scenario has promoted nutritional recommendations to enrich different type of foods with plant sterols (PS) because of their cholesterol-lowering effects. In addition to cholesterol, PS can also be oxidized during food processing or storage, and the…

Prooxidative toxicity and selenoprotein suppression by cerivastatin in muscle cells

2012

Statins are the most widely used drugs for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. In spite of their overall favorable safety profile, they do possess serious myotoxic potential, whose molecular origin has remained equivocal. Here, we demonstrate in cultivated myoblasts and skeletal muscle cells that cerivastatin at nanomolar concentrations interferes with selenoprotein synthesis and evokes a heightened vulnerability of the cells toward oxidative stressors. A correspondingly increased vulnerability was found with atorvastatin, albeit at higher concentrations than with cerivastatin. In selenium-saturated cells, cerivastatin caused a largely indiscriminate suppression of selenoprotein biosynth…

Arsenic Through the Gastrointestinal Tract

2015

Intestinal barrier function regulates (micro-)nutrient absorption and host defense mechanisms at the mucosal interface with the external environment. Maintaining gut homeostasis is essential for human health; however, many factors including food and water pollutants may affect the physiological balance at the intestinal level. One of the contaminants of highest health concern is arsenic, which affects more than 200 million people worldwide, causing cancer and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Arsenic affects intestinal health by disrupting barrier function and inducing inflammatory responses. Processes involved in the transiting of arsenic through the gastrointestinal tract can affect …

Palexia crystals in gastrointestinal tract, a new entity associated with death following gastrointestinal hemorrhage

2015

TH-302 + Gemcitabine (G + T) vs Gemcitabine (G) in Patients with Previously Untreated advanced Pancreatic Cancer (PAC)

2012

ABSTRACT Background TH-302 is a hypoxia targeted prodrug with a hypoxia-triggered 2-nitroimidazole component designed to release the DNA alkylator, bromo-isophosphoramide mustard (Br-IPM), when reduced in severe hypoxia. A randomized Phase 2B study (NCT01144455) was conducted to assess the benefit of G + T to standard dose G as first-line therapy of PAC. Materials and methods An open-label multi-center study of two dose levels of TH-302 (240 mg/m2 or 340 mg/m2) in combination with G versus G alone (randomized 1:1:1). G (1000 mg/m2) and T were administered IV over 30-60 minutes on Days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Patients on the G could crossover after progression and be randomized to a G…