Search results for "Toxicity"
showing 10 items of 2261 documents
Dihydrocucurbitacin B, isolated from Cayaponia tayuya, reduces damage in adjuvant-induced arthritis
2005
23,24-Dihydrocucurbitacin B, from the anti-rheumatic plant Cayaponia tayuya, was tested on arthritis induced by adjuvant to corroborate the anti-inflammatory properties of this plant. Arthritis was induced in Lewis rats; the resulting arthritic rats were then treated with dihydrocucurbitacin B (1 mg/kg orally, daily, 1 week). The effect of dihydrocucurbitacin B on the synthesis, release, and activity of pro-inflammatory enzymes (elastase, cyclooxygenase-2, and nitric oxide synthase-2) as well as its effect on different mediators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta) were determined. Dihydrocucurbitacin B modified the evolution of the clinical symptoms, reducing the swelling an…
Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
1984
Chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis, has undergone with the passing of years great changes because of the discovery of new antibiotics, and also because of a more precise identification of their effectiveness in terms of ability and speed in sputum conversion and to the ability to induce recovery and avoid relapses. Therefore in the anti-tubercular therapy we must consider the following points: Effectiveness of drugs Route of administration Recovery time Clinical and bacteriological relapses Toxicity Cost/benefit ratio
Dental treatment considerations in the chemotherapy patient
2011
Cancer patients can suffer oral toxic effects secondary to antineoplastic therapy in the form of radiotherapy and/ or chemotherapy. This risk is conditioned by a range of factors, including the high cell turnover rate of the oral mucosa, the diversity and complexity of the oral microflora, and soft tissue trauma during normal oral function. The present study offers a literature review of the main oral complications secondary to chemotherapy, and describes the different options for dental treatment before, during and after oncological treatment, published in the scientific literature. To this effect a PubMed-Medline® search was made using the following keywords: chemotherapy, cancer therapy,…
Amsacrine with high-dose cytarabine is highly effective therapy for refractory and relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults
1988
Abstract Thirty-six patients with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and four with primary refractory ALL were treated with a regimen that included amsacrine, 200 mg/m2, intravenously daily for three days with cytarabine, 3 gm/m2, by infusion over three hours daily for five days. There were 27 remissions in the 36 relapsed patients and two in the four patients with primary refractory disease. Seventeen of the 23 patients with common ALL, four of the six with T-cell ALL, one of the three with B-cell ALL, and seven of eight whose cells were not characterized responded. Toxicity of this regimen was comparable to other reinduction regimens for ALL, but the side effects characteristic o…
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: Pathogenesis and novel therapeutic approaches
2013
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a disease spectrum, ranging from mere hepatic steatosis to hepatic necroinflammation (NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis). NASH often leads to fibrosis, which can progress to cirrhosis with a high risk of liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. The course of NAFLD is highly variable, and only a minority of patients (2-3%) progress to end-stage liver disease. However, due to a dramatic increase of the risk factors for NAFLD, that is obesity and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes, that affect 15-30% and 7-15% of subjects, in most industrialized countries, respectively, NAFLD has become the most frequent liver disease and is even conside…
Oral administration of taurolidine ameliorates chronic DSS colitis in mice.
2007
Taurolidine (TRD) has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of TRD in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have not been investigated. Here, we have analyzed the toxicity of TRD after oral long-term application in mice and examined the impact of oral TRD in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of experimental colitis. Female C57/BL6 mice received TRD in various concentrations (0.1% to 0.4%) for 60 days. Toxicity was evaluated by use of a disease activity index (DAI) and histological examination of major metabolic organs. Furthermore, the impact of 0.2% TRD on a chronic DSS colitis was examined by daily DAI, histological crypt damage score (CDS),…
Single-arm phase II trial to evaluate efficacy and tolerance of regorafenib monotherapy in patients over 70 with previously treated metastatic colore…
2020
International audience; BACKGROUND: Regorafenib significantly increases overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer previously treated but gives toxicities. OBJECTIVES: to assess the efficacy and safety of regorafenib at it's approved dose in the older population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This multicenter single-arm phase II enrolled patients ≥70 years old after the failure of fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy, anti-VEGF, and anti-EGFR treatment. The primary endpoint was disease control rate (DCR) 2 months after initiation of regorafenib (160 mg/day, 3 weeks on/1 week off). RESULTS: Forty-three patients were enrolled, with a median age of 77 years. The 2 months DCR wa…
Toxicity Profile and Adherence to the Pharmacotherapeutic Regimen of Gemcitabine–carboplatin in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
2011
Objective: To analyse the relationship between doses of gemcitabine---carboplatin (GEM-CARBO) administered and incidence and level of haematological and renal toxicity, and the adherence to the treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Retrospective study, which lasted for 37 months. We were able to obtain the minimum set of data needed to carry out the follow-up with the help of Farmis-Oncofarm ® software and the medical and pharmacotherapeutic records. The haematological toxicity was assessed in accordance with the Common Toxicity Criteria 3.0. Renal toxicity was evaluated using serum creatinine levels and creatinine clearance. Results: Thirty-one patients were inclu…
A phase I-II study of cyclophosphamide, epidoxorubicin, levofolinic acid/5-fluorouracil and recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor i…
1994
Thirty patients with measurable metastatic breast carcinoma were treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 on day 1, levofolinic acid 100 mg/m2 plus 5-fluorouracil 375 mg/m2 on days 1-3, and epidoxorubicin (EDXR) in three refracted doses on days 1-3 with G-CSF rescue for 10 days. In the phase I part of the study, groups of 3 patients received EDXR 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 mg/m2/day until the dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was reached. At the dose of 40mg/m2/day prolonged grade 4 leukopenia, severe proctitis, and grade 3 diarrhea represented the DLT. All subsequent partients were treated at the maximal tolerated dose of EDXR (35 mg/m2/day). In the group of 18 patients treated at 3…
Renal Lipotoxicity-Associated Inflammation and Insulin Resistance Affects Actin Cytoskeleton Organization in Podocytes
2015
In the last few decades a change in lifestyle has led to an alarming increase in the prevalence of obesity and obesity-associated complications. Obese patients are at increased risk of developing hypertension, heart disease, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes and renal disease. The excess calories are stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue, but also may accumulate ectopically in other organs, including the kidney, which contributes to the damage through a toxic process named lipotoxicity. Recently, the evidence suggests that renal lipid accumulation leads to glomerular damage and, more specifically, produces dysfunction in podocytes, key cells that compose and maintai…