Search results for "Toxicology and Mutagenesis"
showing 10 items of 2159 documents
Tumours of Nasal Septum: A Retrospective Study of 32 Patients
2022
Objective: Tumours of the nasal septum are a rare and heterogeneous group of lesions in the sinonasal tract. The management of the different lesions of this site is debated. The aim of this study is to share our experience on a rare clinical condition and stimulate other centres to publish theirs. Methods: We retrospectively analysed the databases of sinonasal tumours treated at the Sections of Otolaryngology (ENT) of two University Hospitals (Palermo and Genova) between 2012 and 2020. Results: From the two databases, a cohort of 32 patients with tumours of nasal septum were selected. All patients underwent an endoscopic examination. Large tumours underwent preoperative computed tomography …
A classification of motivation and behavior change techniques used in self-determination theory-based interventions in health contexts
2020
While evidence suggests that interventions based on self-determination theory have efficacy in motivating adoption and maintenance of health-related behaviors, and in promoting adaptive psychological outcomes, the motivational techniques that comprise the content of these interventions have not been comprehensively identified or described. The aim of the present study was to develop a classification system of the techniques that comprise self-determination theory interventions, with satisfaction of psychological needs as an organizing principle. Candidate techniques were identified through a comprehensive review of self-determination theory interventions and nomination by experts. The study…
Intrauterine and Neonatal Exposure to Opioids: Toxicological, Clinical, and Medico-Legal Issues
2023
Opioids have a rapid transplacental passage (i.e., less than 60 min); furthermore, symptoms characterize the maternal and fetal withdrawal syndrome. Opioid withdrawal significantly impacts the fetus, inducing worse outcomes and a risk of mortality. Moreover, neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) follows the delivery, lasts up to 10 weeks, and requires intensive management. Therefore, the prevention and adequate management of NAS are relevant public health issues. This review aims to summarize the most updated evidence in the literature regarding toxicological, clinical, and forensic issues of intrauterine exposure to opioids to provide a multidisciplinary, evidence-based approach for managing …
Neural Classification of Compost Maturity by Means of the Self-Organising Feature Map Artificial Neural Network and Learning Vector Quantization Algo…
2019
Self-Organising Feature Map (SOFM) neural models and the Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) algorithm were used to produce a classifier identifying the quality classes of compost, according to the degree of its maturation within a period of time recorded in digital images. Digital images of compost at different stages of maturation were taken in a laboratory. They were used to generate an SOFM neural topological map with centres of concentration of the classified cases. The radial neurons on the map were adequately labelled to represent five suggested quality classes describing the degree of maturation of the composted organic matter. This enabled the creation of a neural separator classify…
Antitumor Cell-Complex Vaccines Employing Genetically Modified Tumor Cells and Fibroblasts
2014
The present study evaluates the immune response mediated by vaccination with cell complexes composed of irradiated B16 tumor cells and mouse fibroblasts genetically modified to produce GM-CSF. The animals were vaccinated with free B16 cells or cell complexes. We employed two gene plasmid constructions: one high producer (pMok) and a low producer (p2F). Tumor transplant was performed by injection of B16 tumor cells. Plasma levels of total IgG and its subtypes were measured by ELISA. Tumor volumes were measured and survival curves were obtained. The study resulted in a cell complex vaccine able to stimulate the immune system to produce specific anti-tumor membrane proteins (TMP) IgG. In the g…
Effects of Job Content and Physical Activity on Body Mass Index among Obese Managers of the Mexican Manufacturing Industry
2020
Mental health disorders resulting from work stressors are increasing in the Mexican manufacturing industry and worldwide. Managerial positions in these contexts are highly stressful, and although physical activity may reduce the negative effects of work stress, the relationships between these two aspects regarding their effects on the body mass index (BMI) of obese managers are scarcely studied. This article aims to study such relationships by using the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) dimensions with the Baecke’s physical activity questionnaire dimensions and analyzing their effects on the BMI. A sample of 255 managers from the Mexican industry, with a (BMI > 30) participated by answerin…
OnabotulinumtoxinA Modulates Visual Cortical Excitability in Chronic Migraine: Effects of 12-Week Treatment
2022
Chronic migraine is a burdensome disease presenting with episodic pain and several symptoms that may persist even among headache attacks. Multisensory integration is modified in migraine, as assessed by the level of the perception of sound-induced flash illusions, a simple paradigm reflecting changes in cortical excitability which reveals to be altered in migraineurs. OnabotulinumtoxinA is an effective preventive therapy for chronic migraineurs, reducing peripheral and central sensitization, and may influence cortical excitability. Patients affected by chronic migraine who started onabotulinumtoxinA preventive therapy were included. Clinical effects (headache diaries and migraine related qu…
Influence of Oral Health Care Systems on Future Career Environment of Dental Students in Europe
2021
Oral healthcare is organized subsidiarily and independently by nation states in Europe and also within the EU and consequently, major differences between the nation states and the various oral healthcare systems in Europe are present. The socialization in the respective catchment area can have an impact on the job choice and the perception of employment opportunities of different professional groups. Therefore, the purpose of this survey was to elucidate the influence of different oral healthcare systems on students living or studying in the respective catchment area. A questionnaire (in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish) with 18 different components was administered. Data on ge…
Speciation of dimethyltin(IV) – and trimethyltin(IV) – carbocysteinate and – glutamate systems in aqueous media
2008
The formation of complex species in the dimethyltin(IV) and trimethyltin(IV)-carboxymethyl-L-cysteinate (carbocysteinate) systems in NaClaq, at different ionic strengths, and in a multicomponent Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl- and SO42- medium representative of the seawater major composition, is discussed. Experimental results give evidence for the formation of the following species (L¼carbocysteinate): [(CH3)2Sn(L)]0, [(CH3)2Sn(HL)]+, [(CH3)2Sn(OH)(L)]-, [(CH3)2Sn(OH)2(L)]2- in the DMT–CCYS system, and [(CH3)3Sn(HL)]0, [(CH3)3Sn(L)]- and [(CH3)3Sn(OH)(L)]2- in the TMT-CCYS system. The ionic strength dependence of formation constants was taken into account by an extended Debye Huckel type equation…
Botulinum Toxin A for Oral Cavity Cancer Patients: In Microsurgical Patients BTX Injections in Major Salivary Glands Temporarily Reduce Salivary Prod…
2012
Abstract: In patients suffering from oral cavity cancer surgical treatment is complex because it is necessary to remove carcinoma and lymph node metastasis (through a radical unilateral or bilateral neck dissection) and to reconstruct the affected area by means of free flaps. The saliva stagnation in the post-operative period is a risk factor with regard to local complications. Minor complications related to saliva stagnation (such as tissue maceration and wound dehiscence) could become major complications compromising the surgery or the reconstructive outcome. In fact the formation of oro-cutaneous fistula may cause infection, failure of the free flap, or the patient’s death with carotid b…