Search results for "Trabecula"
showing 10 items of 38 documents
A biphasic calcium phosphate coating for potential drug delivery affects early osseointegration of titanium implants.
2016
Background Calcium phosphate (CaP) surface coatings may accelerate osseointegration and serve as a drug delivery system for mineral-binding biomolecules. In a pilot study, the impact of a commercially available, thin CaP coating on early osseous bone remodeling was compared with a modern, subtractive-treated rough surface (SLA-like) in an animal trial. Methods In 16 rabbits, 32 endosseous implants (CaP; n = 16, SLA-like; n = 16) were bilaterally inserted in the proximal tibia after randomization. After 2 and 4 weeks, bone-implant contact (BIC;%) in the cortical (cBIC) and the trabecular bone (sBIC) as well as volume of bone within the screw thread with the highest amount of new-formed bone …
Association between radiography-based subchondral bone structure and MRI-based cartilage composition in postmenopausal women with mild osteoarthritis
2016
Summary Objective Our aim was to investigate the relation between radiograph-based subchondral bone structure and cartilage composition assessed with delayed gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) and T 2 relaxation time. Design Ninety-three postmenopausal women (Kellgren–Lawrence grade 0: n = 13, 1: n = 26, 2: n = 54) were included. Radiograph-based bone structure was assessed using entropy of the Laplacian-based image ( E Lap ) and local binary patterns ( E LBP ), homogeneity indices of the local angles (HI Angles,mean , HI Angles,Perp , HI Angles,Paral ), and horizontal (FD Hor ) and vertical fractal dimensions (FD Ver ). Mean dGEMRIC index and T 2 relax…
Histopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of bone tissue in aseptic necrosis of the femoral head
2021
Femoral head osteonecrosis, also known as avascular necrosis, is a disease with a multifactorial etiology, characterized by a profound change of bone architecture, which leads to the diminishing of bone resistance and femoral head collapse. The main causes that lead to femoral head necrosis are represented by the decrease of local blood perfusion and increase of intraosseous pressure, because of an excessive development of adipose tissue in the areolas of the trabecular bone tissue in the femoral head. The histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) study performed by us showed that most of bone trabeculae were damaged by necrotic-involutive processes, their sizes being reduced, both re…
Endothelin receptor B in trabecular meshwork
2007
Abstract Endothelin-1 (ET-1), the most potent vasoconstrictor known to date, seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma. ET-1 was found in different tissues of the eye and in high concentrations in the aqueous humour. The effects of ET-1 are mediated by two receptors, ET-A receptor (ET-AR) and ET-B receptor (ET-BR), which are both expressed in bovine trabecular meshwork (TM). ET-1 induced contraction of TM predominantly by activation of ET-AR. This study analyzes the role of ET-BR in TM function and investigates the synthesis of ET-1 by human TM (HTM) cells. The effect of IRL-1620, a specific ET-BR agonist, on contractility of bovine TM (BTM) was investigated wi…
THE NONCOMPACTION OF THE LEFT VENTRICULAR MYOCARDIUM: OUR PEDIATRIC EXPERIENCE
2007
OBJECTIVES: The noncompaction of the left ventricular myocardium is a rare congenital heart disease, characterized by an excessive prominence of trabecular meshwork, spaced out by deep intertrabecular recesses, consequent to the arrest of the normal myocardium embryogenesis. Although there are numerous descriptions, the physiopathological effects of the structural alterations, just like the clinical spectrum and the evolution of the disease, are not totally clarified. In the present study, we have evaluated the natural history of the disease, the familial incidence and the alterations of the systolic and diastolic function. METHODS: We collected a series of 21 young patients who were affect…
Removal of Viscoelastic Substances
2000
All viscoelastics should be completely removed from the eye to reduce the likelihood of increased intraocular pressure. Should OVD retention behind the IOL occur, an unstable refraction could result. Residual high molecular viscous substance is transported away through the trabecular meshwork, with delay, possibly resulting in a protracted postoperative IOP increase. To aspirate viscoelastics various techniques as well as instruments with different aspiration/irrigation adjustments have been proposed, a few of which will be described here. Viscoelastic removal involving the simultaneous irrigation and aspiration through a single cannula (Nevyas, 1987) or two separate cannulas (Brauweiler, 1…
Steady-state levels of retinal 24S-hydroxycholesterol are maintained by glial cells intervention after elevation of intraocular pressure in the rat
2012
Purpose: Our previous studies suggested that CYP46A1 and 24S-hydroxycholesterol. (24SOH) may be associated with glaucoma. Loss of CYP46A1-expressing retinal. ganglion cells is involved in the activation of glia, and therefore possibly in the. disbalance of cholesterol. In this context, the purpose of our present work was to. emphasize the glial and longitudinal CYP46A1 expression after an interventional. glaucoma-related stress triggered by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats were submitted to laser photocoagulation of the. trabecular meshwork, limbus and episcleral veins in one eye to induce elevated IOP. Rats were euthanized at days 3, 14, 30 and 60 (n = 10 p…
Comparison of three ultrasonic axial transmission methods for bone assessment.
2005
Abstract This study compared three approaches to bone assessment using ultrasonic axial transmission. In 41 fresh human radii, velocity of the first arriving signal was measured with a commercial device (Sunlight Omnisense ™ ) operating at 1.25 MHz, a prototype based on 1-MHz bidirectional axial transmission and a low-frequency (200 kHz) prototype, also measuring the velocity of a slower wave. Cortical and trabecular bone mineral density, cortical thickness and cross-sectional area were determined by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Significant but modest correlation between velocities reflects differences in the nature of the propagating waves and methodological differences. Of…
Ventricular dysfunction and number of non compacted segments in non compaction: Non-independent predictors.
2010
Abstract Background Isolated ventricular noncompaction (IVNC) is characterized by multiple prominent trabeculations and deep intertrabecular recesses. Some reports prove that the chronic heart failure may occur in approximately half of the patients. In this report we investigate the correlation between the number of non compacted segments and entity of systolic dysfunction from the registry and subregistries of the SIEC. Method To identify the correlation between ventricular dysfunction and number of segments involved in non compaction we evaluated a consecutive series of 238 patients affected by non compaction, from the SIEC (Societa Italiana di Ecografia Cardiovascolare) registry. The ave…
Improved Bone Biomechanical Properties in Rats after Oral Xylitol Administration
1999
The effects of 5, 10, and 20% dietary xylitol supplementations on the biomechanical properties, histological architecture, and the contents of collagen, pyridinoline, and deoxypyridinoline in long bones of rats were studied. Tibiae were used for the three-point bending test, and femurs were used for the torsion and loading test of the femoral neck. The 10 and 20% oral xylitol administrations caused a significant increase of tibial stress, femoral shear stress, and stress of the femoral neck as compared with the controls. Parallel, but not significant, effects were also seen in the 5% xylitol supplementation group. No significant differences in strain or Young's modulus of the tibiae were de…