Search results for "Trace"
showing 10 items of 3218 documents
Papel de las Membranas Asociadas a Retículo Endoplasmático y Mitocondria (MAMs) en la fisiopatología celular de la Ataxia de Friedreich y su relevanc…
2022
Calcium (Ca2+) is involved in different cellular functions and signaling pathways, mediating between extracellular and intracellular signals. MAMs (Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria associated membranes) are specific close appositions formed by the physical interaction of the ER and the mitochondria, thus regulating the main intracellular Ca2+ flux by means of the communication between the two compartments. This is fundamental to maintain cell function and so it has been proposed as a common mechanism in neurodegeneration. Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder in which patients show reduced levels of frataxin (FXN), a protein fundamentally associat…
Efecto favorable de la comunicación intercelular a través de vesículas extracelulares derivadas de células madre del tejido adiposo en el envejecimie…
2022
En las sociedades donde las personas mayores son un grupo demográfico mayoritario, mejorar su calidad de vida es una prioridad. Por tanto, la búsqueda de estrategias para retrasar los cambios degenerativos asociados al envejecimiento y la fragilidad son especialmente interesantes. Varias investigaciones muestran que los factores liberados por las células madre son responsables de su potencial regenerativo. Las vesículas extracelulares (VEs) son pequeñas vesículas recubiertas de una capa lipídica liberadas por múltiples tipos celulares que contienen proteínas, ácidos nucleicos, lípidos y metabolitos. Comparadas con las células madre, las VEs son más estables, sin riesgo de aneuploidía y pres…
Extracellular vesicles and high‐density lipoproteins: Exercise and oestrogen‐responsive small RNA carriers
2023
Decreased systemic oestrogen levels (i.e., menopause) affect metabolic health. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Both oestrogens and exercise have been shown to improve metabolic health, which may be partly mediated by circulating microRNA (c-miR) signalling. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EV) have increased interest in the field of tissue crosstalk. However, in many studies on EV-carried miRs, the co-isolation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles with EVs has not been considered, potentially affecting the results. Here, we demonstrate that EV and HDL particles have distinct small RNA (sRNA) content, including both host and nonhost sRN…
Influence of Oral Contraceptive Use on Adaptations to Resistance Training
2019
Introduction: The majority of young women use oral contraceptives (OCs). Use of OCs has been associated with lower myofibrillar protein and tendon collagen synthesis rates, but it is unknown whether OCs will limit the adaptive response of myotendinous tissue to resistance training. Design and Methods: Fourteen healthy untrained young regular OC users (24 +/- 1 years, fat% 32 +/- 1, 35 +/- 2 ml.min(-1).kg(-1)) and 14 NOC users (non-OC, controls) (24 +/- 1 years, fat% 32 +/- 2, 34 +/- 2 ml.min(-1).kg(-1)) performed a 10-week supervised lower extremity progressive resistance training program. Before and after the intervention biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle and the patellar tendon we…
Hairy Garlic (Allium subhirsutum) from Sicily (Italy): LC-DAD-MSn Analysis of Secondary Metabolites and In Vitro Biological Properties
2020
Allium subhirsutum, known as hairy garlic, is a bulbous plant widespread in the Mediterranean area and locally used as a food and spice. In the present study, the chemical profile of the ethanolic extracts from bulbs (BE) and aerial parts (APE) were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-MSn, and antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and TEAC assays. The traditional use in the diet, and the well documented biological activity of Allium species suggest a potential as a new nutraceutical. For this reason, the potential usefulness of this food can be considered in the treatment and prevention of degenerative Alzheimer disease. For this reason, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory property was investiga…
Les traces alimentaires du patient hospitalisé
2017
Introduction générale Parmi les patients hospitalisés, 35 à 65 % souffrent de dénutrition et, souvent, leur état nutritionnel tend à se dégrader pendant leur séjour hospitalier. Cette dégradation nutritionnelle peut être expliquée par l’anorexie entraînée par la maladie et/ou ses traitements, par l’offre alimentaire mais aussi par un changement radical des pratiques alimentaires lors de l’arrivée du patient dans l’institution hospitalière (les plats ne sont pas choisis, le patient mange seul,...
Glial Chloride Homeostasis Under Transient Ischemic Stress
2021
High water permeabilities permit rapid adjustments of glial volume upon changes in external and internal osmolarity, and pathologically altered intracellular chloride concentrations ([Cl–]int) and glial cell swelling are often assumed to represent early events in ischemia, infections, or traumatic brain injury. Experimental data for glial [Cl–]int are lacking for most brain regions, under normal as well as under pathological conditions. We measured [Cl–]int in hippocampal and neocortical astrocytes and in hippocampal radial glia-like (RGL) cells in acute murine brain slices using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy with the chloride-sensitive dye MQAE at room temperature. We observed s…
Exercise-Induced Extracellular Vesicles Delay the Progression of Prostate Cancer
2022
Increasing evidence suggests that regular physical exercise not only reduces the risk of cancer but also improves functional capacity, treatment efficacy and disease outcome in cancer patients. At least partially, these effects are mediated by the secretome of the tissues responding to exercise. The secreted molecules can be released in a carrier-free form or enclosed into extracellular vesicles (EVs). Several recent studies have shown that EVs are actively released into circulation during physical exercise. Here, we for the first time investigated the effects of exercise-induced EVs on the progression of cancer in an F344 rat model of metastatic prostate cancer. Although we did not observe…
Physical exercise induces rapid release of small extracellular vesicles into the circulation
2015
Cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) by default and in response to diverse stimuli for the purpose of cell communication and tissue homeostasis. EVs are present in all body fluids including peripheral blood, and their appearance correlates with specific physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we show that physical activity is associated with the release of nano-sized EVs into the circulation. Healthy individuals were subjected to an incremental exercise protocol of cycling or running until exhaustion, and EVs were isolated from blood plasma samples taken before, immediately after and 90 min after exercise. Small EVs with the size of 100–130 nm, that carried proteins character…
Overview and Update on Extracellular Vesicles: Considerations on Exosomes and their Application in Modern Medicine
2022
In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the knowledge of cell-secreted extracellular vesicle functions. They are membrane enclosed and loaded with proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other biomolecules. After being released into the extracellular environment, some of these vesicles are delivered to recipient cells; consequently, the target cell may undergo physiological or pathological changes. Thus, extracellular vesicles as biological nano-carriers, have a pivotal role in facilitating long-distance intercellular communication. Understanding the mechanisms that mediate this communication process is important not only for basic science but also in medicine. Indeed, extracellular …