Search results for "Transcranial"
showing 10 items of 413 documents
Test-retest reliability of motor-evoked potentials at 20% and 60% of maximum isometric voluntary contraction in rectus femoris muscle
2023
Transkraniaalisen tasavirtastimulaation vaikutukset erottelu- ja käänteisoppimiseen sekä reagointiherkkyyden muutoksiin
2017
Transkraniaalisella tasavirtastimulaatiolla (tDCS) tarkoitetaan menetelmää, jossa johdetaan heikkoa sähkövirtaa aivokudosten läpi elektrodilta toiselle. Tutkimusten mukaan tDCS:lla näyttäisi olevan monenlaisia kliinisiä ja kognitiivisia vaikutuksia aina masennuksen hoidosta työmuistin parantamiseen. Tulokset ovat kuitenkin monin paikoin varsin ristiriitaisia, eikä stimulaation tarkoista vaikutusmekanismeistakaan olla päästy varmuuteen. Tässä tutkimuksessa halusimme tutkia kokeellisesti tDCS:n vaikutuksia erottelu- ja käänteisoppimiseen sekä reagointiherkkyyden muutoksiin silmäniskuehdollistumisen avulla. Kokeeseen osallistui 39 iältään 18-29-vuotiasta koehenkilöä. Tutkittavat jaettiin kahte…
Interleukin 10 restores lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations in synaptic plasticity probed by repetitive magnetic stimulation
2020
Systemic inflammation is associated with alterations in complex brain functions such as learning and memory. However, diagnostic approaches to functionally assess and quantify inflammation-associated alterations in synaptic plasticity are not well-established. In previous work, we demonstrated that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation alters the ability of hippocampal neurons to express synaptic plasticity, i.e., the long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory neurotransmission. Here, we tested whether synaptic plasticity induced by repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used in clinical practice, is affected by LPS-induc…
Possible Contribution of T-pattern Detection and Analysis to the Study of the Behavioral Correlates of Afferent Inhibition.
2020
A pivotal tenet in modern behavioral sciences is that the study of behavior, in its most intimate structure, necessarily deals with time and, for this reason, behavioral dynamics are not intuitively perceivable and/or detectable (Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1970). In reality, the possibility to describe a given behavior in terms of its structural/temporal features makes available new and detailed information otherwise unavailable. The aim of the present paper is to discuss the possible application of T-pattern detection and analysis, i.e., a multivariate approach specifically developed to describe the temporal structure of behavior, to the study of an important and still scantly investigated issue, na…
Distilling the essence of TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs): A call for securing mechanistic specificity and experimental rigor
2019
Alpha-Synchronized Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) in Major Depression: A Proof-of-Principle EEG-TMS Study
2018
High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) shows therapeutic potential in pharmaco-resistant patients with major depression. However, clinical efficacy is limited by high inter-individual variability and low response rates. One possible strategy to improve the effect size and consistency may be brain state dependent brain stimulation, i.e. coupling of TMS pulses to the endogenous brain states as reflected by the instantaneous oscillatory brain activity. Here we present findings from a proof-of-principle study of alpha-oscillation synchronized brain stimulation of the frontal cortex in patients with major depression (…
TMS-EEG signatures of glutamatergic neurotransmission in human cortex
2019
AbstractNeuronal activity in the brain is regulated by an excitation-inhibition balance. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evoked electroencephalographic (EEG) potentials (TEPs) represent a novel way to quantify pharmacological effects on neuronal activity in the human cortex. Here we tested TEPs under the influence of a single oral dose of two anti-glutamatergic drugs, perampanel, an AMPA-receptor antagonist, and dextromethorphan, an NMDA-receptor antagonist, and nimodipine, an L-type voltage-gated calcium channel blocker in 16 healthy adults in a pseudorandomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Single-pulse TM…
2017
Many daily activities, such as tying one’s shoe laces, opening a jar of jam or performing a free throw in basketball, require the skillful coordinated use of both hands. Even though the non-invasive method of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been repeatedly shown to improve unimanual motor performance, little is known about its effects on bimanual motor performance. More knowledge about how tDCS may improve bimanual behavior would be relevant to motor recovery, e.g. in persons with bilateral impairment of hand function. We therefore examined the impact of high-definition anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-atDCS) on the performance of a bimanual sequential s…
Effectiveness of tDCS at Improving Recognition and Reducing False Memories in Older Adults
2021
Background: False memories tend to increase in healthy and pathological aging, and their reduction could be useful in improving cognitive functioning. The objective of this study was to use an active–placebo method to verify whether the application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improved true recognition and reduced false memories in healthy older people. Method: Participants were 29 healthy older adults (65–78 years old) that were assigned to either an active or a placebo group
The Neurophysiological Responses of Concussive Impacts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
2020
Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated neurophysiological responses using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) following a concussion or sub-concussion. Methods: A systematic searching of relevant databases for peer-reviewed literature quantifying motor evoked potentials from TMS between 1999 and 2019 was performed. A meta-analysis quantified pooled data for measures including motor threshold, motor latency, and motor evoked potential amplitude and for inhibitory measures such as cortical silent period duration, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI) ratios. Results: Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria…