Search results for "Transcription"
showing 10 items of 2278 documents
Real-time reverse transcription PCR analysis of expression of atrazine catabolism genes in two bacterial strains isolated from soil
2004
Abstract The level of expression of highly conserved, plasmid-borne, and widely dispersed atrazine catabolic genes ( atz ) was studied by RT-qPCR in two telluric atrazine-degrading microbes. RT-qPCR assays, based on the use of real-time PCR, were developed in order to quantify atzABCDEF mRNAs in Pseudomonas sp. ADP and atzABC mRNAs in Chelatobacter heintzii . atz gene expression was expressed as mRNA copy number per 10 6 16S rRNA. In Pseudomonas sp. ADP, atz genes were basally expressed. It confirmed atrazine-degrading kinetics indicating that catabolic activity starts immediately after adding the herbicide. atz gene expression increased transitorily in response to atrazine treatment. This …
Transcriptional expression of selected genes associated with excretion of carboxylic acids from aci mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2013
Introduction: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent model organism for studies of transcriptional regulation of metabolic processes in other eukaryotic cells including human cells. Cellular acid-base balance can be disturbed in pathologic situations such as renal acidosis or cancer. The extracellular pH of malignant solid tumors is acidic in the range of 6.5-6.9. EG07 and EG37 aci mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae excessively excrete carboxylic acids to glucose-containing media or distilled water. The excreted acids are Krebs and/or glyoxylate cycle intermediates. The genes restoring the wild-type phenotype have function that does not easily explain theAci phenotype.Material/Methods: I…
Effects of a high-fat diet on energy metabolism and ROS production in rat liver.
2011
International audience; BACKGROUND & AIMS: A high-fat diet affects liver metabolism, leading to steatosis, a complex disorder related to insulin resistance and mitochondrial alterations. Steatosis is still poorly understood since diverse effects have been reported, depending on the different experimental models used. METHODS: We hereby report the effects of an 8 week high-fat diet on liver energy metabolism in a rat model, investigated in both isolated mitochondria and hepatocytes. RESULTS: Liver mass was unchanged but lipid content and composition were markedly affected. State-3 mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation was inhibited, contrasting with unaffected cytochrome content. Oxidative…
Yeast Translation Elongation Factor eIF5A Expression Is Regulated by Nutrient Availability through Different Signalling Pathways
2020
Translation elongation factor eIF5A binds to ribosomes to promote peptide bonds between problematic amino acids for the reaction like prolines. eIF5A is highly conserved and essential in eukaryotes, which usually contain two similar but differentially expressed paralogue genes. The human eIF5A-1 isoform is abundant and implicated in some cancer types
Deregulated repression of c-Jun provides a potential link to its role in tumorigenesis.
2004
The transcription factor c-Jun cooperates with oncogenic alleles of ras in malignant transformation. Constitutively active Ras causes, via activation of mitogen activated protein kinases, phosphorylation of c-Jun which is essential for subsequent target gene activation and tumorigenesis. Studying the mechanisms controlling c-Jun activity we found that its transcription activation function is actively repressed by a presumably multimeric repressor complex that includes histone deacetylase 3 as a critical subunit. Suppression of c-Jun is relieved by MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation and/or titration of inhibitor components. The viral tumorigenic counterpart of c-Jun, v-Jun, escapes this inh…
Astrocytes Protect Neurons from Aβ1-42 Peptide-Induced Neurotoxicity Increasing TFAM and PGC-1 and Decreasing PPAR-γ and SIRT-1
2015
One of the earliest neuropathological events in Alzheimer's disease is accumulation of astrocytes at sites of Aβ1-42 depositions. Our results indicate that Aβ1-42 toxic peptide increases lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and cell death in neurons but not in astrocytes in primary culture. Aβ1-42-induced deleterious neuronal effects are not present when neurons and astrocytes are mixed cultured. Stimulation of astrocytes with toxic Aβ1-42 peptide increased p-65 and decreased IκB resulting in inflammatory process. In astrocytes Aβ1-42 decreases protein expressions of sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) and over-expresses peroxisome proliferator-activated re…
Conserved chromosomal clustering of genes governed by chromatin regulators in Drosophila
2008
Transcriptional analysis of chromatin regulator mutants in Drosophila melanogaster identified clusters of functionally related genes conserved in other insect species.
HEXIM1 Diffusion in the Nucleus Is Regulated by Its Interactions with Both 7SK and P-TEFb
2019
International audience; How nuclear proteins diffuse and find their targets remains a key question in the transcription field. Dynamic proteins in the nucleus are classically subdiffusive and undergo anomalous diffusion, yet the underlying physical mechanisms are still debated. In this study, we explore the contribution of interactions to the generation of anomalous diffusion by the means of fluorescence spectroscopy and simulation. Using interaction-deficient mutants, our study indicates that HEXIM1 interactions with both 7SK RNA and positive transcription elongation factor b are critical for HEXIM1 subdiffusion and thus provides evidence of the effects of protein-RNA interaction on molecu…
Nocturnin in the demosponge Suberites domuncula: a potential circadian clock protein controlling glycogenin synthesis in sponges
2012
Sponges are filter feeders that consume a large amount of energy to allow a controlled filtration of water through their aquiferous canal systems. It has been shown that primmorphs, three-dimensional cell aggregates prepared from the demosponge Suberites domuncula and cultured in vitro , change their morphology depending on the light supply. Upon exposure to light, primmorphs show a faster and stronger increase in DNA, protein and glycogen content compared with primmorphs that remain in the dark. The sponge genome contains nocturnin, a light/dark-controlled clock gene, the protein of which shares a high sequence similarity with the related molecule of higher metazoans. The sponge nocturnin …
Histone deacetylase A key enzyme for the binding of regulatory proteins to chromatin
1993
AbstractCore histones can be modified by reversible, posttranslational acetylation of specific lysine residues within the N-terminal protein domains. The dynamic equilibrium of acetylation is maintained by two enzyme activities, histone acetyltransferase and histone deacetylase. Recent data on histone deacetylases and on anionic motifs in chromatin- or DNA-binding regulatory proteins (e.g. transcription factors, nuclear proto-oncogenes) are summarized and united into a hypothesis which attributes a key function to histone deacetylation for the binding of regulatory proteins to chromatin by a transient, specific local increase of the positive charge in the N-terminal domains of nucleosomal c…