Search results for "Transferase"

Predictive factors of transarterial chemoembolisation toxicity in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

2013

Abstract Background Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is an effective treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but can cause severe toxicity. Aim To identify predictive factors of severe TACE-related toxicity in patients with unresectable HCC. Methods All HCC patients who underwent TACE at the Dijon University Hospital between 2008 and 2011 were included in this retrospective study. Severe TACE-related toxicity was defined as the occurrence of any adverse event grade ≥4, or any adverse event that caused a prolongation of hospitalisation of >8 days, or any additional hospitalisation within 1 month after TACE. Factors predicting toxicity were identified using a logistic…

The combination of liver stiffness measurement and NAFLD fibrosis score improves the noninvasive diagnostic accuracy for severe liver fibrosis in pat…

2014

Background & Aims The accuracy of noninvasive tools for the diagnosis of severe fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in clinical practice is still limited. We aimed at assessing the diagnostic performance of combined noninvasive tools in two independent cohorts of Italian NAFLD patients. Methods We analysed data from 321 Italian patients(179 Sicilian-training cohort, and 142 northern Italy-validation cohort) with an histological diagnosis of NAFLD. Severe fibrosis was defined as fibrosis ≥ F3 according to Kleiner classification. The APRI, AST/ALT, BARD, FIB-4, and NFS scores were calculated according to published algorithms. Liver stiffness measurement(LSM) was …

Transient elastography: A non-invasive tool for assessing liver fibrosis in HIV/HCV patients

2010

AIM: To assess the prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis (ALF) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV/HCV patients using transient elastography, and to identify factors associated with ALF. METHODS: Between September 2008 and October 2009, 71 HIV mono-infected, 57 HIV/HCV co-infected and 53 HCV mono-infected patients on regular follow-up at our Center were enrolled in this study. Alcohol intake, the main parameters of liver function, presence of HCV-RNA, HIV-RNA, duration of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and CD4 cell count were recorded. ALF was defined as liver stiffness (LS) ≥ 9.5 kPa. To estimate liver fibrosis (LF) a further 2 reliable bio…

Genotype and allele frequencies of isoniazid-metabolizing enzymes NAT2 and GSTM1 in Latvian tuberculosis patients

2016

Pharmacogenomic testing of tuberculosis drug-metabolizing enzyme genes was proposed as a strategy to identify patients at risk for suboptimal responses to medications. However, variations of the genotype frequencies among ethnic groups exist and new alleles are been identified. The aim of this study was to identify polymorphisms of genes encoding metabolic enzymes NAT2 and GSTM1 in tuberculosis patients in Latvia and to estimate the frequency of NAT2 slow acetylator and GSTM1 null genotypes. In total, 85 DNA samples were genotyped, all individuals were Caucasian. An ethnic heterogeneity reflecting the multiethnic population of the country was observed. 49 patients were Latvians, 30 were Rus…

Selenium status during pregnancy: Influential factors and effects on neuropsychological development among Spanish infants

2017

Selenium(Se) has been positively associated with neurodevelopment in early life. However, its margin of safety is rather narrow, and few prospective studies have evaluated its potential neurotoxic effects at intermediate levels. We aimed to explore the association between maternal Se concentrations and child neuropsychological development, including the genetic effect modification of the Se metabolizing gene INMT. Study subjects were 650 mother-child pairs from the Spanish Childhood and Environment Project (INMA, 2003-2005). Infant neuropsychological development was assessed around 12 months of age by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Sociodemographic and dietary characteristics were…

Urea cycle dysregulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

2018

Background & Aims: In non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the function of urea cycle enzymes (UCEs) may be affected, resulting in hyperammonemia and the risk of disease progression. We aimed to determine whether the expression and function of UCEs are altered in an animal model of NASH and in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and whether this process is reversible. Methods: Rats were first fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 10 months to induce NASH, before being switched onto a normal chow diet to recover. In humans, we obtained liver biopsies from 20 patients with steatosis and 15 with NASH. Primary rat hepatocytes were isolated and cultured with free fatty …

Circulating E-selectin levels in chronic hepatitis C patients with normal or elevated transaminase before and after alpha-interferon treatment

2001

E-selectin, an adhesion molecule of the selectin family, is involved in leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium and in the cellular immunological reactions. Expression of this molecule, in fact, is physiologically absent, but it becomes evident on sinusoidal lining cells during inflammatory liver disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of E-selectin in chronic hepatitis C (CH-C) patients with persistently normal transaminase in comparison to patients with CH-C and elevated transaminase, and its changes during alpha-interferon therapy. Immunohistochemical localization of E-selectin was also performed on liver tissue specimens of both groups. Fifty-eight subjects were divide…

PORCN mutations in focal dermal hypoplasia: coping with lethality.

2009

Contains fulltext : 81709.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) The X-linked dominant trait focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH, Goltz syndrome) is a developmental defect with focal distribution of affected tissues due to a block of Wnt signal transmission from cells carrying a detrimental PORCN mutation on an active X-chromosome. Molecular characterization of 24 unrelated patients from different ethnic backgrounds revealed 23 different mutations of the PORCN gene in Xp11.23. Three were microdeletions eliminating PORCN and encompassing neighboring genes such as EBP, the gene associated with Conradi-Hunermann-Happle syndrome (CDPX2). 12/24 patients carried nonsense mutations resulting in loss …

Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndromes: The Italian experience

2000

Functional characterization of hepatocytes for cell transplantation: customized cell preparation for each receptor.

2009

The first indication of hepatocyte transplantation is inborn liver-based metabolic disorders. Among these, urea cycle disorders leading to the impairment to detoxify ammonia and Crigler-Najjar Syndrome type I, a deficiency in the hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 present the highest incidence. Metabolically qualified human hepatocytes are required for clinical infusion. We proposed fast and sensitive procedures to determine their suitability for transplantation. For this purpose, viability, attachment efficiency, and metabolic functionality (ureogenic capability, cytochrome P450, and phase II activities) are assayed prior to clinical cell infusion to determine the quality of hepatocyt…