Search results for "Transferases"
showing 10 items of 426 documents
The metabolic cascade leading to eicosanoid precursors--desaturases, elongases, and phospholipases A2--is altered in Zucker fatty rats.
2010
Abstract Metabolic syndrome characterized by insulin resistance and obesity is accompanied by severe lipid metabolism perturbations and chronic low-grade inflammation. However, many unresolved questions remained regarding the regulation that underlie dyslipidemia, particularly the regulation of the metabolic cascade (synthesis and release) leading to eicosanoid precursors release. This study was undertaken to investigate the regulation of desaturases/elongases and phospholipases A2 during the establishment of metabolic syndrome. Our results showed that delta-6 desaturase as well as elongase-6 expressions were upregulated in 3-month-old Zucker fatty rats as compared to lean littermates, inde…
Cork Taint of Wines: Role of the Filamentous Fungi Isolated from Cork in the Formation of 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole by O Methylation of 2,4,6-Trichlorop…
2002
ABSTRACT Cork taint is a musty or moldy off-odor in wine mainly caused by 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (2,4,6-TCA). We examined the role of 14 fungal strains isolated from cork samples in the production of 2,4,6-TCA by O methylation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP). The fungal strains isolated belong to the genera Penicillium (four isolates); Trichoderma (two isolates); and Acremonium , Chrysonilia , Cladosporium , Fusarium , Mortierella , Mucor , Paecilomyces , and Verticillium (one isolate each). Eleven of these strains could produce 2,4,6-TCA when they were grown directly on cork in the presence of 2,4,6-TCP. The highest levels of bioconversion were carried out by the Trichoderma and Fusar…
The Effect of tRNA
2021
Transfer RNA[Ser]Sec carries multiple post-transcriptional modifications. The A37G mutation in tRNA[Ser]Sec abrogates isopentenylation of base 37 and has a profound effect on selenoprotein expression in mice. Patients with a homozygous pathogenic p.R323Q variant in tRNA-isopentenyl-transferase (TRIT1) show a severe neurological disorder, and hence we wondered whether selenoprotein expression was impaired. Patient fibroblasts with the homozygous p.R323Q variant did not show a general decrease in selenoprotein expression. However, recombinant human TRIT1R323Q had significantly diminished activities towards several tRNA substrates in vitro. We thus engineered mice conditionally deficient in Tr…
Heterodimerization of Two Pathological Mutants Enhances the Activity of Human Phosphomannomutase2
2015
The most frequent disorder of glycosylation is due to mutations in the gene encoding phosphomannomutase2 (PMM2-CDG). For this disease, which is autosomal and recessive, there is no cure at present. Most patients are composite heterozygous and carry one allele encoding an inactive mutant, R141H, and one encoding a hypomorphic mutant. Phosphomannomutase2 is a dimer. We reproduced composite heterozygosity in vitro by mixing R141H either with the wild type protein or the most common hypomorphic mutant F119L and compared the quaternary structure, the activity and the stability of the heterodimeric enzymes. We demonstrated that the activity of R141H/F119L heterodimers in vitro, which reproduces t…
Phosphoglucomutase (EC 2.7.5.1.) and adenylate kinase (EC 2.7.4.3.) typings in Koreans and Irish.
1969
PGM1 and AK phenotypes were determined in samples from Korea and Ireland. the frequencies of PGM 1 1 genes amount to 0.916 in Koreans and 0.864 in Irish. AK1 frequencies come to 0.933 in Koreans and 0.873 in Irish.
Molecular analysis of METTL1, a novel human methyltransferase-like gene with a high degree of phylogenetic conservation.
1999
A novel human gene, METTL1, has been identified by its sequence similarity to the yeast ORF YDL201w. The human cDNA and the genomic structure of METTL1 have been analyzed. The transcript contains 1292 nucleotides and codes for a protein of 276 amino acids. The gene consists of seven exons and extends over 3.5 kb. The six introns vary in length between 93 and 1137 nucleotides. The gene is transcribed in a large variety of organs and tissues and shows differential splicing of two exons, giving rise to at least three different transcripts. The METTL1 gene was assigned to chromosome 12q13 by radiation hybrid mapping. The METTL1 gene product shows high sequence similarities to putative proteins …
The Sas3p and Gcn5p histone acetyltransferases are recruited to similar genes.
2006
A macroarray platform was used to identify binding sites of yeast histone acetyltransferase catalytic subunits and to correlate their positions with acetylation of lysine 14 of histone H3, revealing that Sas3p and Gcn5p are recruited to similar sets of intensely transcribed genes.
Genotype and Allele Frequencies of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes and Drug Transporter Genes Affecting Immunosuppressants in the Spanish White Population
2013
Interpatient variability in drug response can be widely explained by genetically determined differences in metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters, and drug targets, leading to different pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic behaviors of drugs. Genetic variations affect or do not affect drug responses depending on their influence on protein activity and the relevance of such proteins in the pathway of the drug. Also, the frequency of such genetic variations differs among populations, so the clinical relevance of a specific variation is not the same in all of them. In this study, a panel of 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 14 different genes (ABCB1, ABCC2, ABCG2, CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP2C…
Combination of the novel farnesyltransferase inhibitor RPR130401 and the geranylgeranyltransferase-1 inhibitor GGTI-298 disrupts MAP kinase activatio…
1999
To test the Kirsten-Ras (Ki-Ras) alternative prenylation hypothesis in malignant transformation, we used a novel farnesyltransferase inhibitor competitive to farnesyl-pyrophosphate, RPR130401, and a CaaX peptidomimetic geranylgeranyltransferase-1 inhibitor GGTI-298. In Ki-Ras-overexpressing transformed adrenocortical cells, RPR130401 at 1-10 microM inhibited very efficiently the [(3)H]farnesyl but not [(3)H]geranylgeranyl transfer to Ras. However, proliferation of these cells was only slightly sensitive to RPR130401 (IC(50)=30 microM). GGTI-298 inhibited the growth of these cells with an IC(50) of 11 microM but cell lysis was observed at 15 microM. The combination of 10 microM RPR130401 and…
Genetic rearrangements in the pathogenicity locus of Clostridium difficile strain 8864 – implications for transcription, expression and enzymatic act…
1998
The pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) of Clostridium difficile isolate 8864 was investigated to locate genetic rearrangements that would explain the exceptional pathogenicity of this particular isolate. Two major changes were defined: an insertion of 1.1 kb between the two genes tcdA and tcdE, coding for the enterotoxin and an accessory protein of unknown function, respectively, and a deletion of 5.9 kb encompassing the 3' ends of tcdA and tcdC. Transcription of the tcdA-E genes is severely affected by both rearrangements, explaining the demonstrated complete lack of TcdA polypeptide. We present a model of coordinate, growth-related transcription of the tcdA-E genes that confirms our previous fin…