Search results for "Transfert"

Towards calibration transfer for quantitative analysis of nuclear materials by LIBS

2018

To ensure the quality of their products, manufacturers of nuclear materials currently rely on wet chemistry methods coupled with ICP-MS and ICP-AES. These methods are slow and sometimes hard to implement, which leads the manufacturers to seek new possibilities of online, fast and direct preliminary quality control. Thus, the issue of quantifying metal impurities in both uranium and plutonium matrices by LIBS has been raised. But the lack of calibrated samples and the harsh security constraints hinder any possibility of complete analytical development on these materials. Therefore, we propose a method relying on calibration transfer from several non-nuclear metal matrices to uranium and plut…

Retrievals of soil moisture and optical depth from CAROLS

2011

International audience; We propose in this paper to evaluate a method to retrieve soil moisture (SM) and vegetation optical thickness, in areas of unknown roughness and unknown vegetation water content in view of operational applications, by using airborne Tb measurements acquired in South-West of France. Results are compared to in situ measurements, manual and automatic ones included in SMOSmania network, in the South-West of France.

Evolutionary ecology of immune priming in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor

2017

Many organisms can improve their immune response as a function of their immunological experience, a phenomenon called immune priming. While the mechanisms through which immune priming is achieved remain unknown, individuals that survived to a given parasite are better protected against subsequent exposures. This immune priming can cross generations (trans-generational immune priming – TGIP), preparing offspring for prevailing parasite environment. Both individual and trans-generational immune priming might be adaptive and may have evolved from repeated challenges by the same pathogens during the host lifetime or across generation. While protection could be cross-reactive, a certain level of…

Impact de l'épandage des boues sur le phosphore dissous et particulaire des écoulements de surface

2003

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of land application of sewage sludge on phosphorus (P) losses during intense rainfall. Three rainfall simulations (40 mm h−1 of 30 min duration) were conducted on a field amended with sewage sludge. The overland flow water (OFW) was monitored and sampled every minute. The suspended solid, the dissolved and total phosphorus (respectively SS, TP and DP) concentrations were analysed. The forms of particulate bound P (PP) were investigated. Several results stem from this experiment: (a) sludge application induced a large increase in the DP content of the OFW; the concentrations obtained (0.15–0.57 mg l−1) were shown to result from desorpti…

Leaching of diuron and oryzalin in undisturbed lysimeters of three vineyard soils (Vosne-Romanée, 21)

2001

La mobilité du diuron et de l'oryzalin a été étudiée en colonnes de sol non perturbé au laboratoire. Les sols étudiés sont trois sols viticoles de la région Bourgogne (Vosne-Romanée, 21) et ont été prélevés selon une topolithoséquence. Leurs teneurs en carbone organique sont respectivement de 1,2 %, 1,7 % et 2,2 % pour le sol brun calcaire de mi-pente (SBC MP), le sol brun calcaire de bas de pente (SBC BP) et la rendzine. Après une hauteur de pluie simulée de 845 mm, les percolats respectifs de la rendzine, du SBC MP et du SBC BP contiennent des quantités plus importantes de diuron (3,2 %, 11,8 % et 18,8 %), que d'oryzalin (0,2 %, 4,9 % et 3,7 % des quantités appliquées). Dans les colonnes …

Caractérisation du transfert d’eau et des pertes en herbicides dans des sols soumis à différents systèmes de culture économes en herbicides

2012

International audience

Evolutionary ecology of the trans-generational immune priming in an insect

2012

Trans-generational immune priming (TGIP) is defined as the plastic enhancement of offspring's immunocompetence following an immune challenge of the females of the parental generation. In vertebrates, this phenomenon is well described, and is achieved by the maternal transfer of antibodies. In invertebrates however, it has only recently been described. Since invertebrates do not possess antibodies, the mechanism of this transmission remains unknown. If the offspring is exposed to the maternal infection, an elevated immunocompetence can help it cope better with it. Nonetheless, apart from this benefit, several cues indicate that the TGIP bears some fitness costs for individuals. The evolution…

Etude des mécanismes à l'origine de la dispersion des gènes codant les enzymes responsables de la minéralisation de l'atrazine au sein de la microflo…

2006

Energy and water vapour transfers in a particular shrub-grass intercrop: the fallow savanna

1993

National audience

Les transferts d’azote dans le sol à partir d’engrais granulaires dans un contexte d’étude de l’intérêt des apports localisés pour favoriser la régul…

2017

AGROSUPSPEEAGESTAD; Dans un contexte de mise en oeuvre de techniques spatialisées au sein d’une parcelle cultivée et dans le cadre de l’étude de la régulation des adventices par la compétition pour l’azote, une synthèse bibliographique a été réalisée dans le but (1) d’identifier les modes de placement de l’engrais et leur impact sur la croissance de la culture et des adventices ; (2) de recenser les modèles existants pour simuler le mouvement de l’azote dans le sol ; (3) de repérer les travaux portant sur les transferts à partir de granules d’engrais.