Search results for "Transparency"
showing 10 items of 291 documents
Transparency for Sponsored Content : Analysing Codes of Ethics in Public Relations, Marketing, Advertising and Journalism
2016
As sponsored content is gaining ground globally, the boundaries between strategic communication, advertising and journalism are blurring. As sponsored content becomes more common, it raises novel ethical concerns that no industry alone can answer, such as How much disclosure is needed for transparency? Self-regulation via codes of ethics has been suggested as a remedy to meet the rising transparency expectations, and this article analysed 40 codes of ethics in the fields of communication, advertising, and journalism (United States and Finland) related to sponsored content. The results indicate that there remains excessive variation within the codes of ethics of how transparency of sponsored…
‘I’m still the master of the machine.’ Internet users’ awareness of algorithmic decision-making and their perception of its effect on their autonomy
2020
Algorithms are an integral part of our everyday lives and shape the selection and presentation of information and communication on the internet. At the same time, media users are faced with a lack of control and transparency when interacting with these systems because algorithms largely remain black boxes to end users. Relying on the notion that algorithms are socio-technical systems that comprise both technical and human components, this paper examines internet users’ awareness of algorithms in different areas of internet use and inquires into users’ perceptions of the impact of algorithms on their autonomy when interacting online. Empirically, we rely on qualitative interviews with 30 Ger…
A microscopic monomeric mechanism for interpreting intrinsic optical bistability observed in Yb3+-doped bromide materials
2004
We present a mechanism able to show intrinsic bistable behaviour involving single Yb3+ ions embedded into bromide lattices, in which intrinsic optical bistability (IOB) has been observed. The mechanism is based on the experimentally found coupling between the Yb3+ ion and the totally symmetric local mode of vibration of the [YbBr6]3- coordination unit. The model reproduces the IOB observed in CsCdBr3:1% Yb3+ and allows to understand the experimentally found presence of the phenomenon in the other bromides, but its absence in Cs3Lu2Cl9:Yb3+.
Notes on Using the Hidden Asset or the Contribution Asset to Compile the Actuarial Balance for Pay-as-You-Go Pension Systems
2010
The aim of this paper is twofold: to determine the connection between the “contribution asset” and the “hidden asset” and to discover whether using either of them to compile the actuarial balance in Swedish-type pay-as-you-go pension systems will provide a reliable solvency indicator. We develop an overlapping generations model and apply it to the defined benefit pay-as-you-go system, although it would be just as valid for NDC systems. On the theoretical side the main conclusion is that, despite their very different natures, in a simplified scenario the contribution asset and the hidden asset could coincide if r - the real rate of interest - is equal to the growth in the wage bill. On the a…
Innovative Tools for Sound Sketching Combining Vocalizations and Gestures
2016
International audience; Designers are used to produce a variety of physical and digital representations at different stages of the design process. These intermediary objects (IOs) do support the externalization of ideas and the mediation with the different stakeholders. In the same manner, sound designers deliver several intermediate sounds to their clients, through iteration and refinement. In fact, these preliminary sounds are sound sketches representing the intermediate steps of an evolving creation. In this paper we reflect on the method of sketching sounds through vocalizations and gestures, and how a technological support, grounded in the understanding of the design practice, can fost…
A model of the Islamic sovereign wealth fund
2019
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a model of the Islamic sovereign wealth funds (ISWFs) based on Islamic finance principles to modify the precarious image of SWFs from Muslim countries. The Shariah laws are the cardinal direction for this study. Design/methodology/approach The authors applied a qualitative research technique that consists of three approaches: exploratory case study approach to critically examine and rank the existing status of SWFs; descriptive analysis; and content analysis to present a model of ISWFs in comparison of conventional SWFs. Findings The authors propose a model of the “Islamic Sovereign Wealth Funds” based on four key pillars: the major Shariah p…
64 The fact that ‘the scandal of poor medical research’ by douglas altman (1994) largely holds true today insinuates the persistent conduct and disse…
2019
The objective of this submission is to describe four additional suggestions to alleviate issues around the quality of research and publications. Currently, positive results are twice as likely to be published as negative results. Advocating the publication of negative findings too would beseech individuals to report true findings and be less tempted to fabricate data. Moreover, negative findings help expedite the process of uncovering positive results and is supported by ‘Missing pieces’ by PLOS ONE and the journal ‘Negative results’. However, their negligible impact factor and low profile may dissuade researchers from exhibiting their work here. It can be challenging for new journals to co…
Transport properties of Nb/PdNi bilayers
2006
The transport properties of superconductor/weak ferromagnet Nb/Pd86Ni14 sputtered bilayers have been studied. The critical thickness needed for superconductivity to develop is determined from the dependence of the transition temperature T-c on d(Nb). (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Scanning from heating: 3D shape estimation of transparent objects from local surface heating.
2009
Today, with quality becoming increasingly important, each product requires three-dimensional in-line quality control. On the other hand, the 3D reconstruction of transparent objects is a very difficult problem in computer vision due to transparency and specularity of the surface. This paper proposes a new method, called Scanning From Heating (SFH), to determine the surface shape of transparent objects using laser surface heating and thermal imaging. Furthermore, the application to transparent glass is discussed and results on different surface shapes are presented.
Sustainability in executive remuneration : A missing link towards more sustainable firms?
2021
This paper contributes by showing simultaneously the interlinked challenges of sustainability-based (based on long-term economic, social and environmental targets) executive remuneration and the problems of transparency in remuneration reporting. Our empirical data, analyzed using qualitative content analysis, consists of the published remuneration statements and sustainability reports of 43 Finnish companies reporting according to the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework. Our results indicate that comprehensive sustainability remuneration is still rare in Finnish large companies: long-term financial targets are implemented at most companies, but social or environmental targets were …