Search results for "Transportation"
showing 10 items of 860 documents
Cruise passengers' behavior at the destination: Investigation using GPS technology
2016
This paper aims at segmenting cruise passengers in order to identify passengers' profiles according to their behavior at destination. Through an integrated use of traditional survey instruments and of GPS technologies, a set of indicators for the analysis of passengers' mobility at destination is proposed. Data collected in the port of Palermo are used in order to investigate space-time activities of cruise passengers at the destination. Monothetic Analysis is used in order to segment passengers according to their behavior at destination, and groups are then compared in terms of socio-demographic characteristics and other variables collected through questionnaire-based survey. Results ident…
Distraction of cyclists: how does it influence their risky behaviors and traffic crashes?
2018
BackgroundUndisputedly, traffic crashes constitute a public health concern whose impact and importance have been increasing during the past few decades. Specifically, road safety data have systematically shown how cyclists are highly vulnerable to suffering traffic crashes and severe injuries derived from them. Furthermore, although the empirical evidence is still very limited in this regard, in addition to other human factors involved in cycling crashes, distractions while cycling appear to be a major contributor to the road risk of cyclists.ObjectivesThe main objectives of this study were, first, to explore the prevalence and trends of cycling distractions within an international sample o…
Capacity-based calculation of passenger car equivalents using traffic simulation at double-lane roundabouts
2018
Abstract Calculation of passenger car equivalents for heavy vehicles represents the starting point for the operational analysis of road facilities and other traffic management applications. This paper introduces a criterion to find the passenger car equivalents that reflect traffic conditions at double-lane roundabouts, where the capacity is typically estimated for each entry lane. Based on the equivalence defined by the proportion of capacity used by vehicles of different classes, the criterion implies a comparison between the capacity that would occur with a traffic demand of passenger cars only and the capacity reached beginning from a demand with a certain percentage of heavy vehicles. …
Trip Characteristics Analysis of the Effects of a Travel Behavior Change Program
2018
[EN] Travel behavior change programs (TBCP) are measures or actions specifically designed to motivate people to reduce their car use. This study contributes to the literature on rigorous evaluation of the effects of participating in TBCP. In particular, we analyze the effect of TBCP in relation to a potential for a reduction in car use. In contrast to previous studies, the effect of TBCP is analyzed considering two characteristics of the trip: travel companion and time of trip. The TBCP, consisting of three persuasion actions customized to the needs of the participants in the research, was designed and implemented in Valencia (Spain). To evaluate the effects of participating in the TBCP, a …
An stated preference analysis of Spanish freight forwarders modal choice on the south-west Europe Motorway of the Sea
2011
Abstract This paper aims to contribute towards the design of effective freight transport policy by means of empirical analysis. In order to do so, a stated preference survey is undertaken to model the modal choice between door-to-door road transport and short sea shipping in the Motorway of the Sea of south-west Europe. The proposed analysis will provide policymakers with the necessary tool to identify the critical areas that should be addressed by future policy action in order to boost short sea shipping on Spain's Mediterranean coast. By applying the proposed method, we will be able to obtain estimates of the subjective values of transport attributes – value of time, value of reliability …
Robustness in railway transportation scheduling
2008
Railway scheduling has been a significant issue in the railway industry. Over the last few years, numerous approaches and tools have been developed to compute railway scheduling. However, robust solutions are necessary to absorb short disruptions. In this paper, we present the robustness problem from the point of view of railway operators and we give some guidelines to measure robustness in timetabling. We have developed some formulae to compare robustness between two timetables based on the study of railway infrastructure topology and buffer times. Thus, each buffer time is pondered by some factors such as tightest tracks, number of subsequent trains, remaining stations, etc. This method i…
Valuing Freight Transport Time using Transport Demand Modelling: A Bibliographical Review
2011
The value of time for freight transport is of major importance in infrastructure-related cost–benefit analysis and yet its study has been largely neglected when compared with its passenger counterpart. In fact, one of the attributes that could decide the profitability of a project is how much can be saved if freight vehicles use new infrastructure. Despite being the primary benefit of most investments in transport infrastructure, researchers have not yet reached agreement over either the size or the nature of the values of time that should be used when evaluating projects. This article provides a review of the estimation of freight value of time through transport demand modelling and extant…
Communal Transportation: Challenges for Largescale Routing Heuristics
2007
In this report we review the central transportation logistics problems arising in the communal sector, using information gathered from several large communes in Finland and previous literature. Most of the communal transportation problems can be modelled as different variants of the vehicle routing problem. The basic features of the problems are described, modelled and analyzed, and the relevant previous research on the topics is reviewed. In addition, some possible new solution strategies are suggested.
The value of time and transport policies in a parallel road network
2007
Abstract One of the key questions in the evaluation of transport policies and investment decisions is the valuation of the time savings or losses arising from such decisions. This paper uses the stated preference method to determine the value of time in a given traffic context characterised by a road parallel network. The values obtained are higher than usual in Spanish project evaluation which, among other things, points out the need for specific studies of all transport projects whenever possible. Finally, two cases are described which illustrate the relevance of the value of time. The first evaluates time savings related to the pricing policies of a motorway competing with a trunk road. …
Applications of ARTIST for advanced telematics services
2007
This paper describes how telematics, also known as Information and Communications Technology (ICT), integrates telecommunications and informatics technologies to send, receive and store information via telecommunication devices. The Intelligent Transport System (ITS) is the application of telematics to the transportation area so that it allows the provision of advanced services in the mobility area in order to reinforce the efficiency, safety and effectiveness of the transportation systems. More efforts have been carried out in recent years to support the spreading of ITS and many projects have been financed in the world and, in particular, in Europe. One of the most critical problems which…