Search results for "Triathlon"

showing 10 items of 22 documents

A comparison of performance of Deca Iron and Triple Deca Iron ultra-triathletes

2014

This study intended to compare the performance of ultra-triathletes competing in a Deca Iron ultra-triathlon (i.e. 10 times 3.8 km swimming, 180 km cycling, and 42.2 km running) with the performance of athletes competing in a Triple Deca Iron ultra-triathlon (i.e. 30 times 3.8 km swimming, 180 km cycling, and 42.2 km running). Split and overall race times of six male finishers in a Deca Iron ultra-triathlon and eight male finishers in a Triple Deca Iron ultra-triathlon were analysed using multiple t-tests, linear and non-linear regression analyses, and analysis of variance. Among the 19 starters (i.e. 17 men and two women) in the Deca Iron ultra-triathlon, six men (i.e. 35.3% of all starter…

11035 Institute of General Practice1000 MultidisciplinaryMultidisciplinaryResearchCycling610 Medicine & healthTriathlonRunningUltra-enduranceAnimal scienceCyclingDeca-Ultra enduranceSimulationSwimmingMathematics
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Nation related participation and performance trends in ‘Ironman Hawaii’ from 1985 to 2012

2014

Abstract Background This study examined participation and performance trends in ‘Ironman Hawaii’ regarding the nationality of the finishers. Methods Associations between nationalities and race times of 39,706 finishers originating from 124 countries in the ‘Ironman Hawaii’ from 1985 to 2012 were analyzed using single and multi-level regression analysis. Results Most of the finishers originated from the United States of America (47.5%) followed by athletes from Germany (11.7%), Japan (7.9%), Australia (6.7%), Canada (5.2%), Switzerland (2.9%), France (2.3%), Great Britain (2.0%), New Zealand (1.9%), and Austria (1.5%). German women showed the fastest increase in finishers (r2 = 0.83, p < …

11035 Institute of General PracticeVeterinary medicinemedicine.medical_specialtySports medicine610 Medicine & healthPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationTriathlonFinisherRunningGerman03 medical and health sciencesRace (biology)2732 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine0302 clinical medicineMedicineOrthopedics and Sports Medicine030212 general & internal medicine3612 Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationNationalitySwimmingbiologyAthletesbusiness.industryRehabilitation[ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologieCycling030229 sport sciences16. Peace & justicebiology.organism_classificationlanguage.human_language2742 Rehabilitation[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologielanguageNationality[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologiebusinessResearch ArticleDemographyBMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
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Central European triathletes dominate Double Iron ultratriathlon – analysis of participation and performance 1985–2011

2012

Katrin Sigg,1 Beat Knechtle,1,2 Christoph Alexander Rüst,1 Patrizia Knechtle,2 Romuald Lepers,3 Thomas Rosemann11Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich; 2Gesundheitszentrum St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland; 3INSERM U1093, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon, FranceBackground: A recent study showed that European triathletes performed faster in Double Iron ultratriathlons than North American athletes. The present study analyzed triathletes participating in Double Iron ultratriathlons to determine the origin of the fastest Double Iron ultratriathletes, focusing on European countries.Methods: Participation and perf…

11035 Institute of General PracticecyclingFuture studiesbiologyAthletesbusiness.industry610 Medicine & healthbiology.organism_classificationultraendurancerunningMedicinetriathlonswimmingbusinessOpen Access Journal of Sports MedicineOriginal ResearchDemography
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Personal best times in an Olympic distance triathlon and in a marathon predict Ironman race time in recreational male triathletes

2011

Christoph Alexander Rüst1, Beat Knechtle1,2, Patrizia Knechtle2, Thomas Rosemann1, Romuald Lepers31Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; 2Gesundheitszentrum St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland; 3INSERM U887, University of Burgundy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Dijon, FranceBackground: The purpose of this study was to define predictor variables for recreational male Ironman triathletes, using age and basic measurements of anthropometry, training, and previous performance to establish an equation for the prediction of an Ironman race time for future recreational male Ironman triathletes.Methods: Age and anthropometry, train…

11035 Institute of General Practicecyclingbusiness.industryMarathon runningMean age610 Medicine & healthPredictor variablesAnthropometryOrginal Researchbody fatrunningMedicineswimmingtriathlonlcsh:Sports medicinebusinesslcsh:RC1200-1245Open Access Journal of Sports MedicineSimulationDemographyOpen Access Journal of Sports Medicine
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The age-related performance decline in ultraendurance mountain biking

2013

Haupt, Samuel | Knechtle, Beat | Knechtle, Patrizia | Ruest, Christoph Alexander | Rosemann, Thomas | Lepers, Romuald; International audience; ''The age-related changes in ultraendurance performance have been previously examined for running and triathlon but not mountain biking. The aims of this study were (i) to describe the performance trends and (ii) to analyze the age-related performance decline in ultraendurance mountain biking in a 120-km ultraendurance mountain bike race the Swiss Bike Masters from 1995 to 2009 in 9,325 male athletes. The mean (+/- SD) race time decreased from 590 +/- 80 min to 529 +/- 88 min for overall finishers and from 415 +/- 8 min to 359 +/- 16 min for the top …

AdultMale11035 Institute of General PracticeTime FactorsInjury controlAccident preventionPhysical TherapyMountain bikingPoison controlPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation610 Medicine & healthSports Therapy and RehabilitationAthletic PerformanceYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesOFF-ROAD0302 clinical medicine2732 Orthopedics and Sports MedicineAge groupsAge relatedMARATHONHumansMedicineOrthopedics and Sports Medicine''OFF-ROAD3612 Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationAnalysis of VarianceGENDER-DIFFERENCESTRIATHLONTRENDS''business.industry[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/NeuroscienceAge Factors030229 sport sciencesMiddle AgedTRENDSBicycling[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/NeurosciencePhysical EnduranceFemalebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemographyOff road cycling
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Neuromuscular and physiological variables evolve independently when running immediately after cycling

2015

International audience; During the early period of running after cycling, EMG patterns of the leg are modified in only some highly trained triathletes. The majority of studies have analysed muscle EMG patterns at arbitrary, predetermined time points. The purpose of this study was to examine changes to EMG patterns of the lower limb at physiologically determined times during the cycle-run transition period to better investigate neuromuscular adaptations. Six highly trained triathletes completed a 10 min isolated run (IR), 30 min of rest, then a 20 min cycling procedure, before a 10 min transition run (C-R). Surface EMG activity of eight lower limb muscles was recorded, normalised and quantif…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentenergy-costperformance-levelBiophysicsNeuroscience (miscellaneous)submaximal exerciseBiologyTriathlonLower limbRunningPhysical medicine and rehabilitationEMGmuscle-fiber typeHeart ratemedicine[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]Humansolympic-triathlonMuscle SkeletalCycle-runReproducibility[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]Cyclingslow componentOxygen uptakeAdaptation Physiologicalpriming exerciseBicyclingbody regionso-2 uptake kineticsprior heavy exerciseMotor unit recruitmentTransitionPhysical therapyoxygen-uptake kineticsNeurology (clinical)Cycling
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Neuromuscular fatigue following constant versus variable-intensity endurance cycling in triathletes

2008

International audience; The aim of this study was to determine whether variable power cycling produced greater neuromuscular fatigue of knee extensor muscles than constant power cycling at the same mean power output. Eight male triathletes (age : 33 ± 5 yr, mass : 74 ± 4 kg, OV&2max : 62 ± 5 ml.kg-1.min-1, maximal aerobic power : 392 ± 17 W) performed two 30 min trials on a cycle ergometer in a random order. Cycling exercise was performed either at a constant power output (CP) corresponding to 75% of the maximal aerobic power (MAP) or a variable power output (VP) with alternating ± 15%, ± 5%, and ± 10% of 75% MAP approximately every 5 min. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque, maximal…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyKnee Joint[SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiologyPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationTriathlonTwitch03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineHeart ratemedicineHumansMaximal voluntary contractionOrthopedics and Sports MedicinePower outputMuscle SkeletalVariable intensityAnalysis of VarianceElectromyographybusiness.industry[ SHS.SPORT.PS ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiologyCentral activation030229 sport sciencesM-waveElectric StimulationBicyclingTorqueNeuromuscular fatigueMuscle FatiguePhysical EnduranceCardiologyPower cyclingBreathingPhysical therapyConstant (mathematics)businessCycling030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMuscle Contraction
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Is Moderate Intensity Cycling Sufficient to Induce Cardiorespiratory and Biomechanical Modifications of Subsequent Running?

2017

Walsh, JA, Dawber, JP, Lepers, R, Brown, M, and Stapley, PJ. Is moderate intensity cycling sufficient to induce cardiorespiratory and biomechanical modifications of subsequent running? J Strength Cond Res 31(4): 1078-1086, 2017-This study sought to determine whether prior moderate intensity cycling is sufficient to influence the cardiorespiratory and biomechanical responses during subsequent running. Cardiorespiratory and biomechanical variables measured after moderate intensity cycling were compared with control running at the same intensity. Eight highly trained, competitive triathletes completed 2 separate exercise tests; (a) a 10-minute control run (no prior cycling) and, (b) a 30-minut…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyRespiratory rateSTRIDEPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAthletic PerformanceRunning03 medical and health sciences[ SDV.NEU.SC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive SciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineOxygen Consumption[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular systemRespiratory RateModerate ExerciseHeart RateInternal medicineHeart ratemedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineRespiratory exchange ratioCardiorespiratory PhysiologyChemistry[SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive SciencesCardiorespiratory fitnessCycling030229 sport sciencesGeneral Medicine[ SDV.MHEP.CSC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular systemIntensity (physics)BicyclingBiomechanical PhenomenaTriathlon.AthletesCardiologyExercise TestCadenceCyclingJournal of strength and conditioning research
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Evolution of electromyographic signal, running economy, and perceived exertion during different prolonged exercises

2000

International audience; The purpose of this study was to compare the electromyographic (EMG) signal of the vastus lateralis muscle obtained during a run section of a triathlon and at the end of a prolonged run performed at the same running velocity. Seven subjects were studied on three occasions: a 2 h 15 min triathlon (30 min swimming, 60 min cycling, and 45 min treadmill running at 75% of the maximal aerobic speed), a 2 h 15 min run, where the last 45 min (Prolonged Run, PR) were run at the same speed as the Triathlon Run (TR) on a motorized treadmill, and a 45 min Isolated Run (IR) performed at the same TR and PR velocity. The three experimental trials were randomised. Oxygen uptake (VO …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsVastus lateralis muscleprolonged run[SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiologyPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationIsometric exerciseElectromyography[SHS.SPORT.DS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/SportsTriathlonRunning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineHeart ratemedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineTreadmillMuscle SkeletalFatigueRating of perceived exertionMuscle fatiguemedicine.diagnostic_testElectromyographybusiness.industrymyoelectric power spectrum030229 sport sciencesoxygen uptakePhysical EndurancePhysical therapyCardiologyRunning economyPerceptionmuscle fatiguebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMuscle Contraction
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Carbohydrate ingestion does not influence the change in energy cost during a 2-h run in well-trained triathletes

1999

The aim of this study was to examine whether the increase in the energy cost of running (C(r)), previously reported to occur at the end of a prolonged run, could be influenced by the ingestion of either an artificially sweetened placebo (Pl) or a 5.5% carbohydrate (CHO) solution. Ten well-trained triathletes completed three testing sessions within a 3-week period. The aim of the first session was to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2)(max)) and the velocity associated with ventilatory threshold (nu(VT)). The second and the third sessions were composed of two submaximal treadmill runs (20 min long, 0% grade, performed at nu(VT)), before and after an 80-min overground run, also conducted a…

AdultTime FactorsPhysiologyCarbohydrates[SHS.SPORT.PS]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiologyAdministration OralDifferential ThresholdEnergy cost of running030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPlaceboTriathlon[ SHS.SPORT ] Humanities and Social Sciences/SportRunning03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAnimal scienceOxygen ConsumptionRespirationIngestionHumansTreadmillRespiratory exchange ratioComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSFatigue[SHS.SPORT]Humanities and Social Sciences/SportPhysical Education and TrainingChemistryRespirationPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Health[ SHS.SPORT.PS ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sport/Sport physiologyVO2 max030229 sport sciencesSolutionsCarbohydrate feedingBreathingPhysical EnduranceVentilatory thresholdEnergy MetabolismSports
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