Search results for "Triclosan"

showing 10 items of 17 documents

Triclosan-Evoked Neurotoxicity Involves NMDAR Subunits with the Specific Role of GluN2A in Caspase-3-Dependent Apoptosis

2018

Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent that is used extensively in personal care and in sanitising products. A number of studies have shown the presence of TCS in different human tissues such as blood, adipose tissue, the liver, brain as well as in breast milk and urine. N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are glutamate-gated ion channels that are widely expressed in the central nervous system and which play key roles in excitatory synaptic transmission. There is, however, no data on the involvement of NMDAR subunits in the apoptotic and neurotoxic effects of TCS. Our experiments are the first to show that TCS used at environmentally relevant concentrations evoked NMDA-dependent effe…

0301 basic medicineProgrammed cell deathGluN1Protein subunitNeurotoxinsNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Glutamic AcidCaspase 3ApoptosisReceptors N-Methyl-D-AspartateArticle03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMice0302 clinical medicinemedicineAnimalsGene SilencingRNA MessengerReceptorNeuronsL-Lactate DehydrogenaseChemistryCaspase 3fungiNeurotoxicityROSTransfectionmedicine.diseaseTriclosanCell biologyGluN2BGluN2AProtein Subunits030104 developmental biologyNeurologyNMDAApoptosisNMDA receptorFemale030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMolecular Neurobiology
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Triclosan activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent apoptosis and affects Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 expression in mouse neocortical neurons.

2016

Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent that is used extensively in personal care and in sanitizing products, such as soaps, toothpastes, and hair products. A number of studies have revealed the presence of TCS in human tissues, such as fat, liver and brain, in addition to blood and breast milk. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of TCS on AhR and Cyp1a1/Cyp1b1 signaling in mouse neocortical neurons in primary cultures. In addition to the use of selective ligands and siRNAs, expression levels of mRNA and proteins as well as caspase-3 activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release have been measured. We also studied the in…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtySmall interfering RNAStimulationCaspase 3ApoptosisNeocortex010501 environmental sciencesBiology01 natural sciencesBiochemistry03 medical and health sciencesMiceInternal medicinemedicineCytochrome P-450 CYP1A1Cyp1a1AnimalsRNA MessengerCells Cultured0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental Sciencechemistry.chemical_classificationNeuronsReactive oxygen speciesCaspase 3fungiAhRNeurotoxicityCyp1b1respiratory systemNeuronmedicine.diseaseAryl hydrocarbon receptorTriclosanCell biology030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyMechanism of actionchemistryReceptors Aryl HydrocarbonApoptosisCytochrome P-450 CYP1B1biology.proteinAnti-Infective Agents LocalFemalemedicine.symptomReactive Oxygen SpeciesEnvironmental research
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In vitro quantitative comparison of erosive potential of infant mouthwashes on glass ionomer cement

2018

Background The widespread use of mouthwashes, specially in children, is a concern, since the long-term use may modify the topography of dental materials. However, this process still unclear regarding the wear related to infant mouthwashes on glass ionomer cement. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was evaluate the erosive potential of infant mouthwashes on glass ionomer cement specimens. Material and methods Forty round-shaped specimens were divided into 4 groups (N=10) and submitted to erosive cycling for 15 days, being exposed 2X/day in the following children's active agents mouthwash solutions: G1- cetylpyridinium chloride, G2- xylitol and triclosan and G3 - Malva sylvestris and xyl…

030213 general clinical medicinebusiness.industryResearchStatistical differenceGlass ionomer cementDentistry030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]XylitolCetylpyridinium chlorideOperative Dentistry and EndodonticsTriclosan03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemchemistryDistilled waterDental cementUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurface roughnessbusinessGeneral DentistryJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry
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Efficacy of an amine fluoride-triclosan mouthrinse as compared to the individual active ingredients

2003

Background: The purpose of the clinical study was to examine the antibacterial and plaque-reducing properties of mouthrinses containing triclosan (TRI), amine fluoride (AmF), and the combination of both (AFT) on 4-day plaque regrowth. A placebo solution (PLA) and a 0.2% chlorhexidine solution (CHX) served as negative and positive controls, respectively. Materials & Methods: After a professional tooth cleaning (day 0), 15 volunteers refrained from all mechanical oral hygiene measures for the next 96 h and rinsed instead twice daily for 1 min with 10 ml of one of the five randomly assigned solutions. Plaque index (PlI), which was assessed after 24 and 96 h (PlI1, PlI2), and plaque area of the…

Active ingredientbusiness.industryChemistryChlorhexidineAmine fluorideBiofilmDentistryPlaceboOral hygieneTriclosanchemistry.chemical_compoundStatistical significancemedicinePeriodonticsbusinessmedicine.drugJournal of Clinical Periodontology
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Influence of alcohol in mouthwashes containing triclosan and zinc: an experimental gingivitis study

2005

Objectives: An experimental gingivitis model was used to analyse the influence of alcohol in mouthwashes containing 0.15% triclosan and zinc chloride on the formation of supragingival plaque, the development of gingivitis and the appearance of adverse events. Material and Methods: Using a double-blind crossover design, 30 subjects underwent two consecutive experimental phases with two 0.15% triclosan and zinc chloride mouthwashes, differentiated mainly by their excipient (hydroalcoholic or aqueous). In each phase, the subjects discontinued all oral hygiene measures and were treated solely with the randomly assigned experimental mouthwash for 21 days. Each experimental phase was preceded by …

AdultMaleAdolescentDental PlaqueMouthwashesDentistryAlcoholDental plaqueOral hygieneGingivitischemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemmedicineHumansAdverse effectEthanolbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseGingivitisCrossover studyTriclosanTriclosanZincchemistryPeriodonticsItchingFemalemedicine.symptomEpidemiologic MethodsbusinessJournal of Clinical Periodontology
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In vitro antifungal properties of mouthrinses containing antimicrobial agents

1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro antifungal properties of seven commercial mouthrinses containing antimicrobial agents. These included cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), hexetidine (HEX), sanguinarine (SNG), and triclosan (TRN). The minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) against six species of yeasts was determined by a broth macrodilution method. The kill-time of mouthrinses at half the concentration of the commercial formulations was also determined. MFCs were achieved with each mouthrinse, except the SNG-containing mouthrinse, against all the organisms being tested. However, the CPC-containing mouthrinse appeared more active than the…

AntifungalTime FactorsAntifungal Agentsmedicine.drug_classColony Count MicrobialMouthwashesCetylpyridiniumSaccharomyces cerevisiaeHexetidineCetylpyridinium chlorideMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundAlkaloidsCandidiasis OralCandida albicansmedicineHumansSanguinarineMinimum fungicidal concentrationFood scienceHexetidine/therapeutic useFungal diseases/prevention and controlCandidaBenzophenanthridinesClinical Trials as TopicChlorhexidineSanguinarine/therapeutic useFungiHexetidineIsoquinolinesAntimicrobialTriclosan/therapeutic useTriclosanIn vitroTriclosanchemistryEvaluation Studies as TopicCetylpyridinium chloride/therapeutic useChlorhexidine/therapeutic useAnti-Infective Agents LocalPeriodonticsMouthrinses/therapeutic use
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A preliminary study on the ecotoxic potency of wastewater treatment plant sludge combining passive sampling and bioassays.

2021

Highlights • The passive samplers collected bioavail able and bioaccessible chemicals from the WWTP sludge samples. • The sampler extracts were acutely and chronically toxic to water flea. • The sampler extracts were cytotoxic and genotoxic. • The sludge treatment such as composting and digesting diminished the toxicity. • Effect-based methods should be part of the risk assessment of sludge recycling. Sewage sludge is an inevitable byproduct produced in wastewater treatment. Reusing nutrient-rich sludge will diminish the amount of waste ending in soil dumping areas and will promote circular economy. However, during sewage treatment process, several potentially harmful organic chemicals are …

Environmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesTriclocarbanDaphnia magnakompostointi010501 environmental sciencesdigestionmyrkyllisyys01 natural sciencescomplex mixturesjätevesilieteWater Purificationchemistry.chemical_compoundPAHsEnvironmental ChemistryBioassayLeaching (agriculture)biosaatavuusWaste Management and Disposalaineenvaihduntanäytteenottopassive sampling0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbiologysewage sludgeSewageChemistryCompostingfungirisk assessmenttoxicityriskinarviointibiology.organism_classificationPollution6. Clean waterbioaccessibilityTriclosanAPIsBioaccumulationEnvironmental chemistrycompostingSewage treatmentBiological AssaybioavailabilitySludgeWater Pollutants ChemicalThe Science of the total environment
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Contaminants of emerging concern in freshwater fish from four Spanish Rivers.

2019

This study investigated the occurrence of 135 contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) – pharmaceuticals, pesticides, a set of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) (parabens, bisphenols, hormones, triazoles, organophosphorus flame retardants and triclosan), UV-filters, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) – in 59 fish samples, collected in 2010 in 4 Spanish Rivers (Guadalquivir, Júcar, Ebro and Llobregat). Of the 135 CECs, 76 including 8 pharmaceuticals, 25 pesticides, 10 EDCs, 5 UV-filters, 15 PFASs and 13 HFRs were detected. Pharmaceuticals were the less frequently found and at lower concentrations. Pesticides, EDCs, UV-filters, PFASs and HFRs were det…

Geologic SedimentsEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesRiver qualityFish consumptionFresh Water010501 environmental sciencesEndocrine DisruptorsAquatic biota01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCo-occurrence of contaminantsDry weightAccumulationRiversHalogenated Diphenyl EthersEnvironmental ChemistryAnimals14. Life underwaterPesticidesWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRisk assessmentFlame RetardantsbiologyChemistryFishesPesticideContaminationbiology.organism_classificationPollution6. Clean waterTriclosanAquatic organisms13. Climate actionSpainEnvironmental chemistryChlorpyrifosFreshwater fishFish <Actinopterygii>Water Pollutants ChemicalEnvironmental MonitoringThe Science of the total environment
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Polymeric nanospheres as strategy to increase the amount of triclosan retained in the skin: passive diffusion vs. iontophoresis

2012

The aim of this study was to evaluate the passive and iontophoretic permeation of triclosan in human skin using a triclosan solution and triclosan-loaded cationic nanospheres in order to determine which of the two strategies is more effective in allowing the deposition of triclosan within the skin. Triclosan-loaded nanospheres were prepared by the emulsification-solvent displacement technique using aminoalkyl methacrylate (Eudragit® RL 100) as polymer matrix. Nanospheres of 261.0 ± 15.1 nm with a positive surface charge (Ψz = 26.0 ± 3.2 mV) were obtained. Drug loading was 62.0 ± 1.7%. Results demonstrated that the amount of triclosan retained within the skin was significantly greater (8.5-f…

Materials sciencePharmaceutical ScienceBioengineeringHuman skinMethacrylateDiffusionchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryParticle SizePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolubilityChromatography High Pressure LiquidSkinChromatographyIontophoresisOrganic ChemistryCationic polymerizationIontophoresisPermeationControlled releaseTriclosanTriclosanSolubilitychemistryMicroscopy Electron ScanningNanospheresJournal of Microencapsulation
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3D printed fluidic platform with in-situ covalently immobilized polymer monolithic column for automatic solid-phase extraction

2020

Abstract In this work, 3D stereolithographic printing is proposed for the first time for the fabrication of fluidic devices aimed at in-situ covalent immobilization of polymer monolithic columns. Integration in advanced flow injection systems capitalized upon programmable flow was realized for fully automatic solid-phase extraction (SPE) and clean-up procedures as a ‘front-end’ to on-line liquid chromatography. The as-fabricated 3D-printed extraction column devices were designed to tolerate the pressure drop of forward-flow fluidic systems when handling large sample volumes as demonstrated by the determination of anti-microbial agents, plastic additives and monomers as models of emerging co…

Monolithic HPLC columnPolymersSurface Properties02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryAutomationchemistry.chemical_compoundHumansEnvironmental ChemistryFluidicsSolid phase extractionParticle SizeMonolithSalivaChromatography High Pressure LiquidSpectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryMolecular StructureMethylparabenSolid Phase Extraction010401 analytical chemistryExtraction (chemistry)Polymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTriclosan0104 chemical scienceschemistryChemical engineeringColloidal goldPrinting Three-Dimensional0210 nano-technologyAnalytica Chimica Acta
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