Search results for "Triglycerides"
showing 10 items of 301 documents
Fiber intake and all-cause mortality in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study
2014
Background: Few observational studies have examined the effect of dietary fiber intake and fruit and vegetable consumption on total mortality and have reported inconsistent results. All of the studies have been conducted in the general population and typically used only a single assessment of diet. Objective: We investigated the association of fiber intake and whole-grain, fruit, and vegetable consumption with all-cause mortality in a Mediterranean cohort of elderly adults at high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by using repeated measurements of dietary information and taking into account the effect of a dietary intervention. Design: We followed up 7216 men (55-75 y old) and women (60-75 …
HPLC profile and evolution during storage of triglycerides and diglycerides in virgin olive oils
2008
High-performance liquid chromatography has been used for determining the triglyceridice and diglyceridice composition of olive oils from main, minor and neglected Sicilians cultivars. The HPLC analysis has allowed the identification and the quantification of 16 triglycerides. Among these, OOO, POO+SOL, OOL and POL, have shown a content higher than 84% of the total area of peaks in the chromatographic profile. Dioleine (OO) and oleopalmitine (OP) resulted the most representative diglycerides. Analyses have been made in January 2007 and repeated after six months, submitting samples to a simulation of shelf life, to verify as the storage conditions may influence the hydrolitic processes of tri…
Hypolipidaemic effects of fenofibrate are not altered by mildronate-mediated normalization of carnitine concentration in rat liver.
1999
The five-fold higher carnitine content in the liver of fenofibrate-treated rats addresses the question about the possible role of this enhancement in the hypolipidaemic effect of the drug and the underlying mechanisms. When fenofibrate was administered with mildronate (a gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase inhibitor) in suitable amount, the content in carnitine was found to be normalized in liver. However, triglyceride contents of liver and serum were then at least as low as in rats treated by fenofibrate only. When carnitine concentration was lowered by mildronate to the third of the normal value, a marked increase in triglycerides occurred both in liver and serum, while the five-fold increase…
Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype and LDL size and subclasses in women with gestational diabetes.
2008
AIMS: Women with gestational diabetes are more likely to develop Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease after pregnancy; however, the exact nature of the lipid alterations present is not clear. In Mediterranean women with gestational diabetes, we measured low-density lipoprotein (LDL) size and all seven subclasses, as well as the 'atherogenic-lipoprotein phenotype'[ALP, e.g. concomitant presence of elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and increased small, dense LDL]. METHODS: In 27 women with gestational diabetes and 23 healthy pregnant women matched for age, weeks of gestation and body mass index, we measured plasma lipids and LDL size and subclass…
SUPRAMOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF TRIGLYCERIDES IN EXTRA-VIRGIN OLIVE OILS AS ASSESSED BY NMR RELAXOMETRY
2010
Low resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry revealed that triglycerides in extra-virgin olive oils are organized in inverse-micelle-like supramolecular structures held together by weak interactions such as van der Waals and hydrogen bonding. The formers can be established among the external apolar tails, while hydrogen bonds are present among the internal polar triglyceride heads, involving also the polar minor constituents of extra- virgin olive oils. The supramolecular assembly has been supported by experiments conducted by heating the samples in the NMR probe at four different temperatures. In addition all the oils were also added with increasing amounts of glacial acetic…
Psychosocial stress, catecholamines, and essential fatty acid metabolism in rats.
1994
To examine the effects of psychosocial stress and the "stress hormone," epinephrine, on essential fatty acid metabolism in rats, two studies were conducted. In the first, the effects of four weeks of (i) social isolation and (ii) group housing (control) on liver microsomal delta 6 and delta 5 n-6 desaturase activity were studied in group-reared male normotensive (Wistar Kyoto) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats (n = 5/group). The second study examined the effects of acute ip epinephrine (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/kg) 6 hr prior to and following an ig dose (4 g/kg) of safflower oil (rich in 18:2n-6, LA) on plasma and liver LA, 20:4n-6 (AA), and LA/AA ratios in adult essential fatty ac…
Liver fatty acid composition in the spontaneously diabetic BB rat.
1991
The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate if the modulation by insulin of liver microsomal desaturase activities in the spontaneously diabetic adult male Bio-Breeding (BB) rat, with destructive insulitis resembling the lesions described in the human Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes, corresponds to modifications in fatty acid composition, reflect of changes in fatty acid desaturation. We observed no significant differences between BB rats, during the hyper-(48 h), the normo-(17 h) and the hypo-glycemic (3 h) periods which followed the insulin injection, and control rats for the fatty acid composition of liver total lipids, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, tr…
Triacylglycerols in edible oils: Determination, characterization, quantitation, chemometric approach and evaluation of adulterations
2017
Vegetable oils are a dietary source of lipids that constitute an essential component of a healthy diet. The commonly used vegetable oils differ significantly for their triacylglycerol (TAG) profile. TAGs represent the principal components of oils and may contain different fatty acids (FA) esterified with glycerol leading to several positional isomers. To differentiate individual TAGs species in edible oils, advanced analysis systems and innovative methods are therefore required. TAGs can be considered as good fingerprints for quality control and many studies have been performed to develop rapid and low cost analytical methods to determinate the authenticity, origin and eventually evidence f…
PSD3 downregulation confers protection against fatty liver disease
2022
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a growing health issue with burdening unmet clinical needs. FLD has a genetic component but, despite the common variants already identified, there is still a missing heritability component. Using a candidate gene approach, we identify a locus (rs71519934) at the Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain-containing 3 (PSD3) gene resulting in a leucine to threonine substitution at position 186 of the protein (L186T) that reduces susceptibility to the entire spectrum of FLD in individuals at risk. PSD3 downregulation by short interfering RNA reduces intracellular lipid content in primary human hepatocytes cultured in two and three dimensions, and in human and rodent hepatoma cell…
Differences in cardiometabolic risk profiles between Chinese and Finnish older adults with glucose impairment and central obesity.
2022
Abstract Background Obesity and ethnicity play important roles in cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to compare cardiometabolic risk profiles between Chinese and Finnish older adults of central obesity with prediabetes or T2DM. Methods Study subjects were 60–74 years old and originated from two population samples. The Finnish subjects came from the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease (KIHD) study (n = 1089), and the Chinese subjects came from the Shanghai High-risk Diabetic Screen (SHiDS) study (n = 818). The KIHD and SHiDS studies used similar questionnaires to determine participants’ baseline characteristics regarding the history of m…