Search results for "Triticum"
showing 10 items of 118 documents
Effetti della consociazione temporanea con favino sulla produttività e qualità del frumento duro in sistemi biologici.
2009
Determination of trichothecenes and zearalenones in grain cereal, flour and bread by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
2012
Although analytical methods have been already reported for legislated mycotoxins as trichothecenes and zearalenone (ZON) separately, we describe the optimization of a simple and rapid multimycotoxin method for the determination of a total of 12 mycotoxins simultaneously, nine trichothecenes (NIV, DON, FUS-X, DAS, 15-AcDON, 3-AcDON, NEO, HT-2, T-2 T2), and zearalenone and its metabolites (ZON, a-ZOL, b-ZOL), of different origin (wheat, oat, barley and spelt) and in three different products where these substance can be present (grain, flour and bread) reach the food chain and cause toxic effect either in humans or animals. The extraction procedure was based on a mixture of acetonitrile/water …
The soluble dietary fiber inulin can influence the bioaccessibility of enniatins.
2012
Enniatins (ENs) are bioactive compounds produced by the secondary metabolism of several Fusarium strains and are known to have various biological activities, such as acting as enzyme inhibitors, antifungal antibacterial agents, and immunomodulatory substances. This study investigated the bioaccessibility of the ENs in wheat crispy breads produced with three different inulin concentrations (1, 5 and 10%). The mean bioaccessibility data of the four ENs (A, A(1), B and B(1)) ranged from 68.67% to 84.67 in the experiments carried out without inulin, whereas the data ranged from 51.00 to 74.00% in the experiments carried out with the wheat crispy bread produced with 5 and 10% of the inulin.
Metabolomic Analysis Of Durum Wheat Roots In Response to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation in Field Conditions
2014
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are commonly occurring fungi that live in an obligate symbiotic status with the majority of land plants. The objective of the present work was to gain insight into the root metabolism changes (primary and secondary metabolism) of durum wheat in response to solely AM fungi inoculation or to combination of AM fungi with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (Bacillus spp.). Field trial was performed in 2010–2011 in a typical semi-arid Mediterranean area (inner land of Sicily) in absence of fertilization. The untarget metabolomics analysis using the Agilent GC–quadrupole MS identified metabolites playing a key role in symbiosis as well as in root physiol…
Identification and characterization of nitrate-related genes in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum Desf.) to improve Nitrogen Use Efficie…
2022
The increasing foods demand caused by the increasing world population posed new challenges to the modern agriculture. In recent years, many strategies have been adopted to cope with these needs and satisfy these demands. Among these, the improvement of agronomic techniques and plant selection and breeding are crucial for a sustainable improvement of crop production. Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development due to its important role in several biochemical pathways, constituting 2-5 % of plant dry matter. The excessive use of N fertilizer led to high environmental pollution with impacts on both ecosystems and human health. Therefore, N inputs reduction is one of …
Transcriptome changes induced by Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in leaves of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) promote higher salt tolerance
2022
AbstractThe salinity of soil is a relevant environmental problem around the world, with climate change raising its relevance, particularly in arid and semiarid areas. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) positively affect plant growth and health by mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses, including salt stress. The mechanisms through which these benefits manifest are, however, still unclear. This work aimed to identify key genes involved in the response to salt stress induced by AMF using RNA-Seq analysis on durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum Desf. Husn.). Five hundred sixty-three differentially expressed genes (DEGs), many of which involved in pathways related to plant stress resp…
Biosynthesis and characterization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and its effects along with calcium phosphate on physicochemical attributes of whe…
2021
Abstract Drought stress is reducing the production of crops globally. This research was designed to evaluate the role of titanium dioxide (TiO2 NPs) nanoparticles and calcium phosphate on wheat facing drought stress. TiO2 NPs were prepared by green synthesis and their characterization (by UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX)) was also done. The results showed that TiO2 NPs worked efficiently and improved plant growth under drought. However, the best results were obtained from combined applications of 40 ppm TiO2 NPs and 40 ppm calcium phosphate on plants. They increased root length (33%), shoot length (53%), fresh weight (48%), and d…
Preliminary evaluation of durum wheat (Triticum Turgidum Subsp Durum) during malting process:
2018
Durum (T. turgidum subsp. durum) wheat production worldwide is substantially less than that of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) mainly due to the relatively limited end-users. In order to evaluate malting and brewing suitability, sixteen old durum wheat landraces were malted at micro scale. Results show malt quality parameters in the range 78.2–85.9% for the extract, 72.9–80.9% for the fermentability, 3–5 EBC units for the colour, 0.49–0.79% dm for water-extractable arabinoxylans and 0.043–0.059% dm for the β-glucans. Regarding wort viscosity (1.53–1.92 mPa s), we found negative correlation with endo-1,4-β-D-xylanase, positive correlation with endo-β-glucanases and soluble proteins, while n…
Plant chlorophyll fluorescence: active and passive measurements at canopy and leaf scales with different nitrogen treatments
2015
Highlight We studied for the first time the temporal and spatial limits within which active and passive chlorophyll fluorescence measurements are comparable.
Metabolomics Suggests That Soil Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Decreased Free Amino Acid Content in Roots of Durum Wheat Grown under N…
2015
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have a major impact on plant nutrition, defence against pathogens, a plant's reaction to stressful environments, soil fertility, and a plant's relationship with other microorganisms. Such effects imply a broad reprogramming of the plant's metabolic activity. However, little information is available regarding the role of AMF and their relation to other soil plant growth-promoting microorganisms in the plant metabolome, especially under realistic field conditions. In the present experiment, we evaluated the effects of inoculation with AMF, either alone or in combination with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), on the metabolome and changes in metabo…