Search results for "Tunnelling"

showing 10 items of 218 documents

Low Temperature Afterglow from SrAl <sub>2</sub>O <sub>4</sub>: EU, Dy, B Containing Glass

2020

SrAl2O4: Eu, Dy, B particles were added in a phosphate glass (90NaPO3-10NaF (in mol%)) using the direct doping method. For the first time, the composition of the particles prior to and after embedding them in the glass was analysed using EPMA analysis. Boron was found to be incorporated in already distorted surroundings creating new trapping centers in the particles which are thought to be favourable for the tunnelling process and so for the afterglow at 10K. Despite the partial decomposition of the particles, the glass exhibit afterglow at low temperature confirming to be promising materials for low temperature applications.

Materials sciencechemistryDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPartial decompositionTrappingElectron microprobeBoronQuantum tunnellingPhosphate glassAfterglowSSRN Electronic Journal
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Electron refrigeration in hybrid structures with spin-split superconductors

2017

Electron tunneling between superconductors and normal metals has been used for an efficient refrigeration of electrons in the latter. Such cooling is a nonlinear effect and usually requires a large voltage. Here we study the electron cooling in heterostructures based on superconductors with a spin-splitting field coupled to normal metals via spin-filtering barriers. The cooling power shows a linear term in the applied voltage. This improves the coefficient of performance of electron refrigeration in the normal metal by shifting its optimum cooling to lower voltage, and also allows for cooling the spin-split superconductor by reverting the sign of the voltage. We also show how tunnel couplin…

Materials scienceelectron refrigerationta221FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectronsuperconductors01 natural sciences7. Clean energylaw.inventionsuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)lawrefrigerationCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsQuantum tunnellingSuperconductivityCouplingCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsta114Condensed Matter - SuperconductivityjäähdytysRefrigerationCoefficient of performanceCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyElectron coolingVoltagePhysical Review B
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Radiation Defects in LiBaF3 Perovskites

2000

We investigated the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), recombination afterglow, thermostimulated luminescence (TSL) and absorption of LiBaF3 perovskites crystals X-irradiated at 80 K The self-trapped hole centre VK(F2-) oriented along the [110] axis and electron F type (FA) centres are identified. X-irradiation at temperatures below 200 K results in creation of a long-term temperature-independent afterglow-tunnelling luminescence (TL), with main emission bands at 300, 370 nm and 430 nm. The short wavelength TL bands are associated with the tunnelling recombination of the F type centre with the VK centre. The thermal stability of VK centre is estimated to be about 130 K.

Materials sciencelawTransition dipole momentAnalytical chemistryElectronAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Electron paramagnetic resonanceLuminescenceRecombinationQuantum tunnellingAfterglowlaw.invention
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Tunneling induced decomposition of Mo(CO)(6) onto TiO2(110) surface

2012

International audience; Tunneling induced decomposition of Mo(CO)(6) from the gas phase was studied on TiO2(110) surface by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). The efficiency of the procedure was followed by measuring the dot volume as a proportional indicator of the amount of the decomposed precursor. It was found that below 1 x 10(-5) Pa background pressure of Mo(CO)(6), there is no measurable effect and above 1 x 10(-4) Pa, the nanodot size is too large compared to the curvature of the tip (20-40 nm). A threshold bias of +3.1(+/- 0.1) V on the sample was measured for the decomposition of Mo(CO)(6) in gas ambient. In the absence of the precursor, dot formation was …

MicroscopeNanostructureMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistry[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Insulator (electricity)02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesNANOSTRUCTURESlaw.inventionlawSpectroscopyInstrumentationMICROSCOPEQuantum tunnellingAG(111)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsNanolithography[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]NanodotScanning tunneling microscope0210 nano-technology
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Co(II) chemistry of 2,6-bis(2-pyridylcarbonyl)pyridine: an icosanuclear Co cluster exhibiting superparamagnetic relaxation.

2006

High-nuclearity transition-metal complexes (clusters) are of special interest in chemistry and physics because, both in terms of size and physical properties, they bridge the gap between the microscopic and macroscopic world, and between quantum and classical systems. In terms of size, the smallest classical nanoparticles fabricated today are the same size as the largest metal clusters that are synthesized by bottom-up methods. In terms of physical properties, certain transition-metal clusters exhibit single-molecule magnetism at low temperatures, that is, they retain their magnetization in zero field in a manner analogous to that of classical macroscopic magnets, but at the same time they …

Models MolecularMolecular StructureChemistryMagnetismStereochemistryPyridinesRelaxation (NMR)Electron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyTemperatureStereoisomerismGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryCobaltCrystallography X-RayLigandsCatalysisMagnetizationMagneticsChemical physicsCluster (physics)Organometallic CompoundsQuantumQuantum tunnellingSuperparamagnetismQuantum computerAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
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Convergence of Theory and Experiment on the Role of Preorganization, Quantum Tunneling, and Enzyme Motions into Flavoenzyme-Catalyzed Hydride Transfer

2017

Hydride transfer is one of the most common reactions catalyzed by enzymatic systems, and it has become an object of study because of possible significant quantum tunneling effects. In the present work, we provide a combination of theoretical QM/MM simulations and experimental measurements of the rate constants and kinetic isotopic effects (KIEs) for the hydride transfer reaction catalyzed by morphinone reductase, MR. Quantum mechanical tunneling coefficients, computed in the framework of variational transition-state theory, play a significant role in this reaction, reaching values of 23.8 ± 5.5 for the lightest isotopologue—one of the largest values reported for enzymatic systems. This pred…

Morphinone reductase010304 chemical physicsHydrideChemistryThermodynamicsGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesQM/MMCatalysismolecular dynamicsArticle0104 chemical sciencesReaction coordinateQM/MMMolecular dynamicsReaction rate constantComputational chemistrykinetic isotope effectshydride transfer0103 physical sciencesmorphinone reductaseQuantumQuantum tunnelling
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Programming options for nanocrystal MOS memories

2003

Nanocrystal memories represent a promising candidate for the scaling of FLASH memories. In these devices, the charge is not stored in a continuous floating gate but in a discontinuous layer composed by numerous discrete silicon quantum dots well separated one from the other.The nanocrystals of radius of few nanometers are realized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of silicon on the tunnel oxide of 2.8 nm of thickness. These islands have been coated with a control oxide of 7 nm formed by CVD and incorporated in Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor structure. The devices are programmed and erased by tunnelling using low voltages and fast times. In addition, the programming can be easily achieved also b…

Nanocrystal memoryMaterials scienceSiliconbusiness.industryQuantum dotchemistry.chemical_elementBioengineeringNanotechnologyHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYChemical vapor depositionSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaBiomaterialsTunnel effectSurface coatingNanocrystalchemistryHardware_GENERALMechanics of MaterialsQuantum dotHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSOptoelectronicsbusinessSingle electronQuantum tunnellingHot-carrier injection
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Single-electron tunneling in metal droplets in the high conductance regime

2001

We present single-electron tunneling results for well-characterized multidroplet systems in the high conductance regime. The work was conducted with tunnel systems comprising ultra-small Ni droplets. The conductance associated with individual droplets was estimated to reach 18--19G{sub K} in systems exhibiting especially high conductance. The P(E) (phase correlation) theory has been successfully applied to the conductance characteristics of these systems. Our results suggest that in the high conductance regime the droplets can be modeled as single, resistively isolated tunnel junctions. Based on an analysis of the single-electron properties of these systems, the average number of droplets N…

NickelWork (thermodynamics)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicschemistryPhase correlationchemistry.chemical_elementConductanceCoulomb blockadeElectronic structureConductance quantumQuantum tunnellingPhysical Review B
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The kinetics of diffusion-controlled annealing of Frenkel defects in alkali halide crystals

1994

Abstract The annealing kinetics of the strongly correlated (the so-called geminate) pairs of both neutral F,H centers as well as F, I centers entering secondary triplets (F…Ihellip; self-trapped hole) in KCl and KBr crystals is calculated. In this model diffusion of hole I and H centers and their annihilation with electron F centers at short relative distances stimulated by the elastic or Coulomb interaction are taken into account. It is demonstrated that F,H pairs are destroyed by tunneling recombination already at times ≤ 10−4 s, i.e. much before the beginning of the thermostimulated experiments. A possible explanation of this contradiction is discussed.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsAnnihilationAnnealing (metallurgy)ChemistryKineticsCoulombHalideElectronAtomic physicsAlkali metalInstrumentationQuantum tunnellingNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Molecular tunneling and pumping effects in low temperature MBCO recombination

1992

Recombination of carbonmonoxide after photodissociation has been studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy at 4.2K and in the low temperature region, where tunneling effects play an important role in rebinding. We interpret the kinetic results in terms of a radiationless nonadiabatic multiphonon transition, which leads to a uniform description for all temperatures. Prolonged illumination at low temperature results in pumping into long-living states.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsChemical physicsChemistryMössbauer spectroscopyPhotodissociationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsKinetic energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsQuantum tunnellingRecombinationHyperfine Interactions
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