Search results for "Turing"

showing 10 items of 2644 documents

Holographic interferometer with tunable radial and lateral displacement

1990

The hologram of a point source, together with the real point source, is used to implement a simple holographic interferometer that can be tuned in its radial and/or lateral displacements. We show that our device is easy to use for creating cosinusoidal gratings and zone plates and for optical testing.

PhysicsReal pointPoint sourcebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)HolographyPhysics::OpticsHolographic interferometerInterference (wave propagation)Holographic interferometryIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionInterferometryOpticslawBusiness and International ManagementbusinessBeam splitterApplied Optics
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The Influence of Absorption on the Extinction of Solar and Sky Radiation

1965

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of absorption of the aerosol particles on the extinction of solar and sky radiation. The efficiency factors have been computed as well as the extinction, the scattering, the absorption, and the scattering function for the whole turbid atmosphere with help of the Mie theory for a complex index of refraction for a more or less absorbent medium. From these values the intensities of diffuse sky radiation have been obtained. The extinction and absorption coefficients increase for a more absorbent atmosphere, whereas the scattering coefficient decreases. The imaginary part of the complex index of refraction effects an increasing attenuatio…

PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)AttenuationDiffuse sky radiationIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringsymbols.namesakeAir mass (astronomy)OpticsExtinction (optical mineralogy)symbolsBusiness and International ManagementRayleigh sky modelRayleigh scatteringAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)businessAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsApplied Optics
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Coherent light scattering on nanofluids: computer simulation results.

2008

If coherent light is incident on a suspension containing nanoparticles, they act as scattering centers and the result of the far-field interference is a "speckled" image. The scattering centers have a complex movement of both sedimentation and Brownian motion. Consequently the speckle image is not static but presents time fluctuations. A computer code to simulate the dynamics of the coherent light scattering on nanofluids was written, tested, and used to calculate the far-field intensity variation for nanofluids having different particle size. The results are discussed and an alternative experimental method for fast nanoparticle size assessing is suggested as a possible application.

PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringLight scatteringSpeckle patternsymbols.namesakeLight intensityNanofluidOpticsDynamic light scatteringsymbolsSpeckle imagingBusiness and International ManagementRayleigh scatteringbusinessApplied optics
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The Elliptical Polarization of Light Scattered by a Volume of Atmospheric Air

2010

The scattering of linearly polarized light by aerosol particles produces partly polarized light whose ellipticity is theoretically and experimentally investigated for the specific case of a continental atmospheric aerosol in a volume of air. With the Mie theory and under the assumption of various aerosol size-distribution models, the ellipticity has been computed as a function of the scattering angle for various wavelengths. The computations have been based upon complex indices of refraction: M = 1.5-0.0i, M = 1.5-0.0li, M = 1.5-0.li, M = 1.44-0.0i, M = 1.4-0.0i, M = 1.33-0.0i. The comparison between computed and measured values for the wavelengths of lambda = 0.45 micro to lambda = 0.65 mi…

PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Mie scatteringDiffuse sky radiationElliptical polarizationRefractionIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringAerosolWavelengthOpticsBusiness and International ManagementbusinessRefractive indexApplied Optics
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Evidence of Nuclear Motion in H2-like Molecule by Means of High Order Harmonic Generation

2008

The dynamics of hydrogen-like molecules is investigated beyond the usual fixed nuclei approximation. The nuclear motion introduces in the familiar spectrum of emitted radiation additional regular lines whose separation is essentially given by the vibrational frequency of nuclear motion. A wavelet analysis of the emitted spectrum shows that the intensity of the harmonic lines is modulated with the same period of the nuclear motion; this suggests the possibility of the real-time control of the nuclear dynamics.

PhysicsSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciNuclear TheoryDynamics (mechanics)Nonlinear opticsHarmonic (mathematics)RadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaSchrödinger equationsymbols.namesakeWaveletClassical mechanicsMolecular vibrationsymbolsHigh harmonic generationAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationNuclear motion harmonics generation spectra
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A numerical study of postshock oscillations in slowly moving shock waves

2003

Abstract Godunov-type methods and other shock capturing schemes can display pathological behavior in certain flow situations. This paper discusses the numerical anomaly associated to slowly moving shocks. We present a series of numerical experiments that illustrate the formation and propagation of this pathology, and allows us to establish some conclusions and question some previous conjectures for the source of the numerical noise. A simple diagnosis on an explicit Steger-Warming scheme shows that some intermediate states in the first time steps deviate from the true direction and contaminate the flow structure. A remedy is presented in the form of a new flux split method with an entropy i…

PhysicsShock capturing schemesSlowly moving shocksMechanicsMoving shockFlux split methodsComputational MathematicsNonlinear systems of conservation lawsNumerical noiseComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationModelling and SimulationCompressible flowsEntropy (energy dispersal)Computers & Mathematics with Applications
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Super-critical and sub-critical bifurcations in a reaction-diffusion Schnakenberg model with linear cross-diffusion

2016

In this paper the Turing pattern formation mechanism of a two components reaction-diffusion system modeling the Schnakenberg chemical reaction is considered. In Ref. (Madzavamuse et al., J Math Biol 70(4):709–743, 2015) it was shown how the presence of linear cross-diffusion terms favors the destabilization of the constant steady state. We perform the weakly nonlinear multiple scales analysis to derive the equations for the amplitude of the Turing patterns and to show how the cross-diffusion coefficients influence the occurrence of super-critical or sub-critical bifurcations. We present a numerical exploration of far from equilibrium regimes and prove the existence of multistable stationary…

PhysicsSteady stateApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsNumerical analysis010102 general mathematicsPattern formationSettore MAT/01 - Logica Matematica01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNonlinear systemActivator-inhibitor kinetics Cross-diffusion Turing instability Amplitude equationsAmplitude0103 physical sciencesReaction–diffusion systemStatistical physics0101 mathematicsConstant (mathematics)Settore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaTuringcomputercomputer.programming_languageRicerche di Matematica
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Theory of Computation, Fuzziness and a physics of the immaterial

2013

In this paper we advance three clear-cut proposals as a contribution to the discussion on the role of notions of Computation and Fuzziness as a bridge between Hard and Soft Sciences. We suggest that an important difference between the two great fami- lies of science lies in their subject or research having a grounding in nature or not, and that Theory of Computation is a glaring exception to this classifi- cation, being a textbook hard science but dealing with the immaterial. We further advance that such unicity is strongly connected with Church-Turing thesis, and discuss about the role of Computation and Fuzziness as pillars of immaterial sciences

PhysicsStrongly connected componentTheoretical computer scienceHard and soft scienceSettore INF/01 - InformaticaHyperarithmetical theorySuper-recursive algorithmComputationSubject (philosophy)Bridge (interpersonal)EpistemologyTheory of computationTheory of Computation Fuzziness Church-Turing thesisMathematics
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Opto-digital tomographic reconstruction of the Wigner distribution function of complex fields.

2008

An optical-digital method has been developed to obtain the Wigner distribution function of one-dimensional complex fields. In this technique an optical setup is employed to experimentally achieve the Radon-Wigner spectrum of the original signal through intensity measurements. Digital tomographic reconstruction is applied to the experimental spectrum to reconstruct the two-dimensional Wigner distribution function of the input. The validity of our proposal is demonstrated with experimental data, and the results are compared with computer simulations.

PhysicsTomographic reconstructionbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONSignalIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringIntensity (physics)Interferometrysymbols.namesakeFourier transformOpticssymbolsWigner distribution functionSpatial frequencyBusiness and International ManagementPhase retrievalbusinessApplied optics
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Compact dielectric reflective elements I Half-sphere concentrators of radially emitted light

1994

Optical designs of aspheric internally reflective concentrators of divergent light emitted within a spatial angle of 2n sr are proposed and discussed. Four types of solid transparent element are considered: the divergence angle reducer, the small-spot illuminator, the point focuser, and the collimator. The output beam aperture in all cases is comparable with the light-source external dimensions. Expressions describing the profiles of beam-transforming surfaces and results from experiments with model devices are presented.

PhysicsTotal internal reflectionbusiness.industryApertureMaterials Science (miscellaneous)CollimatorDielectricIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionOpticslawPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsLight beamBusiness and International ManagementbusinessRefractive indexBeam (structure)Light-emitting diodeApplied Optics
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