Search results for "Turing"

showing 10 items of 2644 documents

Superresolving optical system with time multiplexing and computer decoding

2008

Objects that have slow temporal variations may be superresolved with two moving masks such as pinhole or grating. The first mask is responsible for encoding the input image, and the second one performs the decoding operation. This approach is efficient for exceeding the resolving capability beyond Abbe’s limit of resolution. However, the proposed setup requires two physical gratings that should move in a synchronized manner. We propose what is believed to be a novel configuration in which the second grating responsible for the information decoding is replaced with a detector array and some postprocessing digital procedures. In this way the synchronization problem that exists when two gratin…

business.industryComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Aperture synthesisPhysics::OpticsImage processingGratingMultiplexingSuperresolutionIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringSynchronizationsymbols.namesakeOpticssymbolsPinhole (optics)Business and International ManagementbusinessDoppler effectImage resolutionDecoding methodsApplied Optics
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Hybrid optical-digital method for local-displacement analysis by use of a phase-space representation.

2010

A method for evaluating the local deformation or displacement of an object in speckle metrology is described. The local displacements of the object in one direction are digitally coded in a one-dimensional specklegram. By optically performing the local spectrum of this pattern, one simultaneously achieves information about the local displacement and its spatial position. The good performance of this technique is demonstrated with computer-generated test signals.

business.industryComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringDisplacement (vector)MetrologySpeckle patternOpticsInterference (communication)Position (vector)Phase spaceSpatial frequencySpeckle imagingBusiness and International ManagementbusinessApplied optics
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Reconsidering learning by exporting

2012

Self-selection and learning by exporting are the main explanations for the higher productivity of exporting firms. But, whereas evidence on self-selection is largely undisputed, results on learning by exporting are mixed and far from conclusive. However, recent research by De Loecker (J Int Econ 73(1):69–98, 2007) has shown that the conclusions from previous learning by exporting studies may have been driven by strong assumptions about the evolution of productivity and the role of export status. Relaxing these assumptions turns out to be critical to find evidence of learning by exporting in a representative sample of Spanish manufacturing firms. Our results indicate that the yearly average …

business.industryEuropean integrationEconomicsManufacturing firmsInternational tradeInternational economicsbusinessGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceProductivityReview of World Economics
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Recent insights for the green recovery of inulin from plant food materials using non-conventional extraction technologies: A review

2016

Abstract Inulin constitutes an important food ingredient, widely used for its fiber content, and its ability to substitute fat and sugar ingredients. Traditionally, industrial inulin production from chicory roots requires high extraction temperature (70–80 °C) and long extraction time (1–2 h). This conventional extraction is generally accompanied with the presence of a large amount of impurities in the extracted juice, mainly due to the application of high temperature, requiring thus further purification steps. To overcome these issues, developing novel extraction technologies, consuming less energy, faster, and providing high yield and purity, is of paramount importance to meet the require…

business.industryExtraction (chemistry)InulinSupercritical fluid extraction04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral ChemistryPlant foods040401 food scienceIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringIngredientchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyIndustrial sustainabilitychemistryScientific methodEnvironmental scienceFood scienceProcess engineeringbusinessSugarFood ScienceInnovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies
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Intensity invariant nonlinear correlation filtering in spatially disjoint noise.

2010

We analyze the performance of a nonlinear correlation called the Locally Adaptive Contrast Invariant Filter in the presence of spatially disjoint noise under the peak-to-sidelobe ratio (PSR) metric. We show that the PSR using the nonlinear correlation improves as the disjoint noise intensity increases, whereas, for common linear filtering, it goes to zero. Experimental results as well as comparisons with a classical matched filter are given.

business.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Matched filterMathematical analysisNonlinear correlationFilter (signal processing)Disjoint setsIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringOpticsDigital image processingMedian filterBusiness and International ManagementInvariant (mathematics)businessLinear filterMathematicsApplied optics
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Modified morphological correlation based on bit-map representations.

1999

Pattern recognition with high discrimination can be achieved with a morphological correlator. A modification of this correlator is carried out by use of a binary slicing process instead of linear thresholding. Although the obtained correlation result is not identical to the conventional morphological correlation, it requires fewer calculations and provides even higher discrimination. Two optical experimental implementations of this modified morphological correlator as well as some experimental results are shown.

business.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Process (computing)Binary numbercomputer.file_formatMultiplexingThresholdingSlicingIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringCorrelationOpticsPattern recognition (psychology)BitmapBusiness and International ManagementbusinesscomputerMathematicsApplied optics
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Probabilistic models for the fatigue resistance of welded steel joints subjected to constant amplitude loading

2022

Abstract S-N curves found in various rules and regulations are the basic tool for the practicing engineer when carrying out life predictions for welded details in dynamically loaded structures. The present work is investigating the expected fatigue life and associated scatter for welded steel joints subjected to Constant Amplitude (CA) loading. The objective is to obtain more reliable life predictions based on advancements in the probabilistic model fitted to collected life data. A Random Fatigue Limit Model (RFLM) is proposed to obtain fatigue resistance curves at given probability levels of survival. As a distinction to more conventional statistical methods, the model is treating both the…

business.industryMechanical EngineeringProbabilistic logicStatistical modelWeldingStructural engineeringFatigue limitIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionTransverse planeMechanics of MaterialslawModeling and SimulationVDP::Teknologi: 500::Maskinfag: 570General Materials ScienceFillet (mechanics)businessConstant (mathematics)Random variableMathematicsInternational Journal of Fatigue
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Trace compounds of biogas from different biogas production plants

2007

Biogas composition and variation in three different biogas production plants were studied to provide information pertaining to its potential use as biofuel. Methane, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and sulphur compounds were measured in samples of biogases from a landfill, sewage treatment plant sludge digester and farm biogas plant. Methane content ranged from 48% to 65%, carbon dioxide from 36% to 41% and nitrogen from <1% to 17%. Oxygen content in all three gases was <1%. The highest methane content occurred in the gas from the sewage digester while the lowest methane and highest nitrogen contents were found in the landfill gas during winter. The amoun…

business.industryMechanical EngineeringSewageBuilding and ConstructionPollutionIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringMethanechemistry.chemical_compoundWaste treatmentGeneral EnergyLandfill gaschemistryBiogasBiofuelEnvironmental chemistryCarbon dioxideSewage treatmentElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessCivil and Structural EngineeringEnergy
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Fractional-Fourier-transform calculation through the fast-Fourier-transform algorithm.

1996

A method for the calculation of the fractional Fourier transform (FRT) by means of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm is presented. The process involves mainly two FFT’s in cascade; thus the process has the same complexity as this algorithm. The method is valid for fractional orders varying from −1 to 1. Scaling factors for the FRT and Fresnel diffraction when calculated through the FFT are discussed.

business.industryNon-uniform discrete Fourier transformMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Fast Fourier transformPrime-factor FFT algorithmShort-time Fourier transformIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringFractional Fourier transformDiscrete Fourier transformOpticsSplit-radix FFT algorithmRader's FFT algorithmBusiness and International ManagementbusinessAlgorithmMathematicsApplied optics
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Spatial dispersion intensity measure of phase concentration distributions and its applications to quantitative characterization, distinguishing and c…

2008

A method of evaluation of spatial dispersion of structures is presented. A quantitative parameter measuring spatial dispersion is introduced. It is shown that this parameter indeed measures spatial dispersion. A classification of bubble flow structures based on values of this parameter is proposed. An example of application of the method to real flow structures is presented.

business.industryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Chemical EngineeringBubblePhase (waves)Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyGeneral ChemistryMeasure (mathematics)Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringCharacterization (materials science)Physics::Fluid DynamicsOpticsFlow (mathematics)Spatial dispersionBubble flowStatistical physicsbusinessIntensity (heat transfer)MathematicsChemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification
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