Search results for "Type 1 Diabetes"

Higher cardiometabolic risk in idiopathic versus autoimmune type 1 diabetes: A retrospective analysis

2018

Abstract Background Idiopathic type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDM) is characterized by an onset with insulinopenia and ketoacidosis with negative β-cell autoimmunity markers and lack of association with HLA. The aim of the study is to compare the clinical and metabolic parameters, the macro and microvascular complications, the adipose tissue dysfunction and the insulin secretion and sensitivity indexes in patients with IDM and autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus (ADM) at clinical onset. Methods Thirty patients with IDM and 30 with ADM, matched for age and gender, were retrospectively analyzed. BMI, waist circumference, lipids, glycemia, HbA1c, insulin requirement, glutamic oxaloacetic and glutam…

Associations between type of treatment and illness-specific locus of control in type 1 diabetes patients

1993

Abstract This study examined differences in diabetes-specific locus of control beliefs of 82 insulin-treated Type I diabetes patients undergoing either conventional therapy (CT), intensified conventional therapy (ICT) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Compared to CT with its adherence to a strict regimen, ICT and CSII allow a much greater flexibility in timing of meals and daily activities. On the other hand, such flexibility requires a much more active role of the patient. The hypotheses of higher internality and lower powerful others locus of control beliefs in ICT and CSII patients than in CT patients could be supported for powerful others locus of control only. A one-y…

A low-carbohydrate high-fat diet initiated promptly after diagnosis provides clinical remission in three patients with type 1 diabetes

2020

Fatty liver indexandhepatic steatosis index for prediction ofnon-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 1 diabetes

2017

Background and Aim Little is known about the diagnostic value of hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and fatty liver index (FLI), as well as their link to metabolic syndrome in type 1 diabetes mellitus. We have screened the effectiveness of FLI and HSI in an observational pilot study of 40 patients with type 1 diabetes. Methods FLI and HSI were calculated for 201 patients with type 1 diabetes. Forty patients with FLI/HSI values corresponding to different risk of liver steatosis were invited for liver magnetic resonance study. In-phase/opposed-phase technique of magnetic resonance was used. Accuracy of indices was assessed from the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results Tw…

The physiological impact of proinsulin C-peptide

1999

Abstract The proinsulin C-peptide fulfills an important function in the biosynthesis of insulin by facilitating the formation of the correct secondary and tertiary structure of the hormone. C-peptide and insulin are released in equimolar amounts to the circulation but C-peptide has generally been considered to be biologically inert. However, recent studies indicate that C-peptide administration to type 1 diabetes patients is accompanied by improved renal function, amelioration of autonomic dysfunction, stimulated tissue glucose utilization and augmented skin and muscle blood flow. The cellular mechanisms underlying these effects may be related to C-peptide's capacity to stimulate both Na + …

Diabetic Retinopathy. Association with Metabolic Compensation, Duration of Diabetes and Other Micro and Macrovascular Complications in Patients with …

2020

Summary Introduction Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe complication that can lead to complete vision loss and still is one of the main blindness-causing reasons among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). DR as a complication can cause vision loss to people at their working age. More than 90% of patients with type 1 diabetes will develop DR by 20 years post diagnosis (Leslie R. Dye, 2018). DR is more likely to develop in patients with T1DM (Kanski's Clinical Ophthalmology, 2016). This complication can be very serious speaking of the ability to see. Sometimes vitrectomy plays a vital role in the management of severe complications of DR at its end-stage (Myron Yanoff et al., 2020…

Abstract 412: The Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Improves Diabetic Complications in the Streptozotocin Type 1 Diabetes Mellit…

2014

Objectives: In diabetes, cardiovascular complications are associated with endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Empagliflozin (Empa), as a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in clinical development, offers a promising novel approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes by enhancing urinary glucose excretion. The aim of the present study was to test whether treatment with Empa could improve endothelial dysfunction in type I diabetic rats via reduction of glucotoxicity and associated oxidative stress. Research Design and Methods: Type I diabetes in Wistar rats was induced by an intravenous injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). One week after injection Empa…

Improved Cardiovascular and Cardiometabolic Risk in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Switched From Glargine to Deg…

2018

Background: Cardiovascular disease is a frequent complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D). We evaluated the effectiveness of switching from glargine to degludec in reducing the cardiovascular risk factors, the Framingham risk score (FRS) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) in patients with T1D and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS).Methods: We selected 66 T1D outpatients who had been on stable treatment with glargine for at least 5 years. Among them, 30 patients maintained glargine (group A), while 36 were switched to degludec (group B) for 12 months. At baseline and after 12 months of observation, clinical and metabolic parameters, insulin dose, 30-days blood glucose (BG) self monitoring,…

Mitochondria as a Target for Future Diabetes Treatments

2015

Diabetes mellitus is rapidly becoming the world’s most dangerous serial killer. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a currently incurable autoimmune disease marked by progressive, and eventually exhaustive, destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) describes the combination of insulin resistance in peripheral tissue, insufficient insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells, and excessive glucagon secretion from the pancreatic alpha cells. T1D as well as severe cases of T2D are treated with insulin replacement, which can merely be considered as life support for the acute phases of the disease. Islet replacement of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells repr…

Diabetes technologies in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and disordered eating: A systematic review on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion,…

2021

Aims In this systematic review, we aimed (1) to identify and describe research investigating the use of advanced diabetes technologies (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, CSII; continuous glucose monitoring, CGM; automated insulin delivery, AID) in people with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and disordered eating and (2) to discuss potential (dis)advantages of diabetes technology use in this population, derived from previous research. Methods We conducted a systematic literature search in two electronic databases for English language articles published between 2000 and 2020 addressing eating disorders and/or dysfunctional eating behaviours and diabetes technology use in children, adolescents …