Search results for "UAS"

showing 10 items of 1619 documents

Can entanglement be extracted from many body systems?

2007

Some thermodynamical properties of solids, such as heat capacity and magnetic susceptibility, have recently been shown to be linked to the amount of entanglement in a solid. Until now, however, it was not clear whether this entanglement can be used as a resource in quantum information theory. Here we show that this entanglement is physical, demonstrating the principles of its extraction from a typical spin chain by scattering two particles off the system. Moreover, we show how to simulate this process using present-day optical lattice technology. © 2007 World Scientific Publishing Company.

PhysicsOptical latticePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)ScatteringCURRENT SITUATIONQuantum entanglementSquashed entanglementHeat capacityMultipartite entanglementATOMSQuantum mechanicsQUANTUM PHASE-TRANSITIONMECHANICSQuantum informationAmplitude damping channelCONTROLLED COLLISIONS
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Muon-capture strength functions in intermediate nuclei of 0νββ decays

2019

Capture rates of ordinary muon capture (OMC) to the intermediate nuclei of neutrinoless double beta ($0\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\beta}$) decays of current experimental interest are computed. The corresponding OMC (capture-rate) strength functions have been analyzed in terms of multipole decompositions. The computed low-energy OMC-rate distribution to $^{76}\mathrm{As}$ is compared with the available data of Zinatulina et al. [Phys. Rev. C 99, 024327 (2019)]. The present OMC computations are performed using the Morita-Fujii formalism by extending the original formalism beyond the leading order. The participant nuclear wave functions are obtained in extended no-core singl…

PhysicsParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physics01 natural sciencesMuon captureRenormalizationFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)symbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticlesymbols010306 general physicsWave functionMultipole expansionHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Physical Review C
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Anomalous Fluctuations of Nematic Order in Solutions of Semiflexible Polymers

2016

The nematic ordering in semiflexible polymers with contour length $L$ exceeding their persistence length $\ell_p$ is described by a confinement of the polymers in a cylinder of radius $r_{eff}$ much larger than the radius $r_\rho$, expected from the respective concentration of the solution. Large scale Molecular Dynamics simulations combined with Density Functional Theory are used to locate the Isotropic-Nematic ($I-N$)-transition and to validate this cylindrical confinement. Anomalous fluctuations, due to chain deflections from neighboring chains in the nematic phase are proposed. Considering deflections as collective excitations in the nematically ordered phase of semiflexible polymers el…

PhysicsPersistence lengthQuantitative Biology::Biomolecules010304 chemical physicsCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrder (ring theory)02 engineering and technologyRadiusCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterLiquid crystalPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticleSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)CylinderDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review Letters
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Soliton rains in a fiber laser: An experimental study

2010

Rains of solitons constitute a class of nonlinear dynamics of dissipative soliton ensembles that we briefly reported in Opt. Express 17, 11776 (2009) from a fiber laser experiment. The existence of a relatively intense noisy background together with several tens of soliton pulses aggregated in a condensed soliton phase constitutes a necessary condition for their appearance. New soliton pulses form spontaneously from the background fluctuations and drift until they reach the condensed soliton phase. We here relate in detail the experimental conditions under which soliton rains manifest and their key features, describe related dynamics observed in their vicinity, and propose an explanation fo…

PhysicsPhase (waves)Key featuresLaserQuasi particlesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionDissipative solitonNonlinear systemNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemslawQuantum mechanicsSolitonA fibersNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsPhysical Review A
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The Topological Phase Transitions Related to Fermion Condensate

2014

In this chapter, we consider so-called topological phase transitions, taking place in normal Fermi liquid. In other words, here we are dealing with different instabilities of normal Fermi liquids relative to several kinds of perturbations of initial quasiparticle spectrum \(\varepsilon (p)\) and occupation numbers \(n(p)\) associated with the emergence of a multi-connected Fermi surface. Depending on the parameters and analytical properties of the Landau interaction, such instabilities lead to several possible types of restructuring of initial Landau Fermi liquid ground state. This restructuring generates topologically distinct phases. One of them is the FC discussed above, another one belo…

PhysicsPhase transitionPhase (matter)QuasiparticleFermi surfaceFermionFermi liquid theoryGround stateTopologyFermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
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Orbital X‐Ray Variability of the Microquasar LS 5039

2005

The properties of the orbit and the donor star in the high mass X-ray binary microquasar LS 5039 indicate that accretion processes should mainly occur via a radiatively driven wind. In such a scenario, significant X-ray variability would be expected due to the eccentricity of the orbit. The source has been observed at X-rays by several missions, although with a poor coverage that prevents to reach any conclusion about orbital variability. Therefore, we conducted RossiXTE observations of the microquasar system LS 5039 covering a full orbital period of 4 days. Individual observations are well fitted with an absorbed power-law plus a Gaussian at 6.7 keV, to account for iron line emission that …

PhysicsPhotonAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesBinary numberAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsCompact starRadiationAstrophysicsEphemerisOrbital periodSynchrotronAccretion (astrophysics)law.inventionX-ray binariesSpace and Planetary SciencelawX-raysRaigs XAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsQuasarsQuàsarsEstels binaris de raigs XThe Astrophysical Journal
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Limits on diffuse fluxes of high energy extraterrestrial neutrinos with the AMANDA-B10 detector

2003

Data from the AMANDA-B10 detector taken during the austral winter of 1997 have been searched for a diffuse flux of high energy extraterrestrial muon-neutrinos, as predicted from, e.g., the sum of all active galaxies in the universe. This search yielded no excess events above those expected from the background atmospheric neutrinos, leading to upper limits on the extraterrestrial neutrino flux. For an assumed E^-2 spectrum, a 90% classical confidence level upper limit has been placed at a level E^2 Phi(E) = 8.4 x 10^-7 GeV cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 (for a predominant neutrino energy range 6-1000 TeV) which is the most restrictive bound placed by any neutrino detector. When specific predicted spectral…

PhysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsmedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuasarCosmic rayAstrophysicsAstrophysicsUniverseMassless particlePhysics::Popular PhysicsExtraterrestrial lifeHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoNeutrino oscillationLeptonmedia_common
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Effect of a Triaxial Nuclear Shape on Proton Tunneling: The Decay and Structure of 145Tm

2007

Gamma rays deexciting states in the proton emitter 145Tm were observed using the recoil-decay tagging method. The 145Tm ground-state rotational band was found to exhibit the properties expected for an h{11/2} proton decoupled band. In addition, coincidences between protons feeding the 2{+} state in 144Er and the 2{+}-->0{+} gamma-ray transition were detected, the first measurement of this kind, leading to a more precise value for the 2{+} excitation energy of 329(1) keV. Calculations with the particle-rotor model and the core quasiparticle coupling model indicate that the properties of the pi{11/2} band and the proton-decay rates in 145Tm are consistent with the presence of triaxiality with…

PhysicsProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaHadronGamma rayGeneral Physics and Astronomy[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Coupling (probability)01 natural sciencesGamma RaysExcited state0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticle23.20.Lv 23.50.+z 27.60.+jAtomic physicsProtons010306 general physicsNucleonRadioactive decay
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Deformation of the proton emitterCs113from electromagnetic transition and proton-emission rates

2016

The lifetime of the $(11/{2}^{+})$ state in the band above the proton-emitting $(3/{2}^{+})$ state in $^{113}\mathrm{Cs}$ has been measured to be $\ensuremath{\tau}=24(6)$ ps from a recoil-decay-tagged differential-plunger experiment. The measured lifetime was used to deduce the deformation of the states using wave functions from a nonadiabatic quasiparticle model to independently calculate both proton-emission and electromagnetic $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray transition rates as a function of deformation. The only quadrupole deformation, which was able to reproduce the experimental excitation energies of the states, the electromagnetic decay rate of the $(11/{2}^{+})$ state and the proton-emis…

PhysicsProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsDeformation (meteorology)Transition rate matrix01 natural sciencesNuclear magnetic resonance0103 physical sciencesQuadrupoleQuasiparticleAtomic physicsProton emission010306 general physicsWave functionExcitationPhysical Review C
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Effective axial-vector strength within proton-neutron deformed quasiparticle random-phase approximation

2019

We use the available experimental Gamow-Teller β− and β+/EC (electron-capture) decay rates between 0+ and 1+ ground states in neighboring even-even and odd-odd nuclei, combined with 2νββ half-lives, to analyze the influence of the nuclear environment on the weak axial-vector strength gA. For this purpose, the proton-neutron deformed quasiparticle random-phase approximation (pn-dQRPA), with schematic dipole residual interaction is employed. The Hamiltonian contains particle-hole (ph) and particle-particle (pp) channels with mass-dependent strengths. In deriving the equations of motion we use a self-consistent procedure in terms of a single-particle basis with projected angular momentum provi…

PhysicsProton010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear Theorynuclear structure and decays01 natural scienceslifetimes and widthselectroweak interactions in nuclear physics0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticleNeutronbeta decayAtomic physicsydinfysiikka010306 general physicsRandom phase approximationPseudovectorPhysical Review C
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