Search results for "URBAN AREA"

Geographical Variability in Mortality in Urban Areas: A Joint Analysis of 16 Causes of Death.

2021

The authors acknowledge the support of the research grants PI16/00670, PI16/00755, PI16/01004, PI16/01187, PI16/01273, PI16/01281, and PI18/01313 of Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-funded with FEDER grants.

Cancer mortality inequalities in urban areas: a Bayesian small area analysis in Spanish cities

2011

incluye "Erratum to: Cancer mortality inequalities in urban areas: a Bayesian small area analysis in Spanish cities" BACKGROUND: Intra-urban inequalities in mortality have been infrequently analysed in European contexts. The aim of the present study was to analyse patterns of cancer mortality and their relationship with socioeconomic deprivation in small areas in 11 Spanish cities. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional ecological design using mortality data (years 1996-2003). Units of analysis were the census tracts. A deprivation index was calculated for each census tract. In order to control the variability in estimating the risk of dying we used Bayesian models. We present the RR of the censu…

Noise annoyance in urban children: a cross-sectional population-based study

2016

International audience; Acoustical and non-acoustical factors influencing noise annoyance in adults have been well-documented in recent years; however, similar knowledge is lacking in children. The aim of this study was to quantify the annoyance caused by chronic ambient noise at home in children and to assess the relationship between these children0s noise annoyance level and individual and contextual factors in the surrounding urban area. A cross sectional population-based study was conducted including 517 children attending primary school in a European city. Noise annoyance was measured using a self-report questionnaire adapted for children. Six noise exposure level indicators were built…

Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Cardiovascular Hospitalizations in the Pisan Longitudinal Study

2021

Air pollution effects on cardiovascular hospitalizations in small urban/suburban areas have been scantly investigated. Such effects were assessed among the participants in the analytical epidemiological survey carried out in Pisa and Cascina, Tuscany, Italy (2009–2011). Cardiovascular hospitalizations from 1585 subjects were followed up (2011–2015). Daily mean pollutant concentrations were estimated through random forests at 1 km (particulate matter: PM10, 2011–2015

Economical influence and competition into urban area. Measuring test

1986

Définition et propriétés générales de l'indicateur d'influence effective, illustration sur un exemple numérique (agglomération découpée en six zones). Résultats d'une application au cas de l'agglomération dijonnaise (découpage en 20 quartiers; les douze communes périphériques sont retenues dans l'application). On relie onze fonctions de biens et de services: alimentation; équipement de la personne, équipement de la maison; autres commerces spécialisés; pharmacie, optique, orthopédie; services médicaux; services paramédicaux; bureaux de poste; banques et établissements financiers; éducation secondaire spécialisée; hôtellerie. Test de plusieurs simulations relatives à diverses répartitions de…

Urban growth (1956-2012) and soil sealing in the metropolitan area of Valencia (Eastern Spain)

2019

[EN] The aim of this study is to understand the urban growth dynamics from the mid-1950s to 2012 in the Metropolitan Area of Valencia, eastern Spain, and its impact on soils. The study area is a very interesting example of the many changes in land use and land cover in the landscape of Mediterranean alluvial plains. The analysis of urban growth was based on photo interpretation of aerial photographs and GIS based methodology. At a detailed scale (1:10,000), results show that there has been a highly dynamic process produced by the extent of land developed as urban area. In 1956 only 3,441 hectares (9.3% of the overall study area) were occupied by urban use. In 2012 the total sealed surface w…

Importance of dogs as sentinels of West Nile Virus activity in urban and suburban areas

2012

Background: West Nile Virus (WNV) is a virus included in the Japanese encephalitis sero-complex within the genus Flavivirus. In August 2010, cases of West Nile disease were reported for the first time in Sicily. Neurological symptomswere observed in native horses resident in the rural areas around the province of Trapani, in the western part of the island. During the epidemic, important critical questions onwhen the viruswas introduced in the area and aboutwhether the virus had circulated/was circulating in theurban area, emerged and needed to be answered. A retrospective study using dog serum samples was designed to answer these questions. Methods: Between January 2009 and September 2010, …

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF URBAN NOISE LEVELS

1990

Time series of PM2.5, PM2.5–10, PM10 and their interrelationships in the airborne particulate matter from Palermo.

2009

Outdoor NO2 and benzene exposure in the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Asturias cohort (Spain)

2011

Air pollution exposure during pregnancy has been linked to a wide range of negative health effects. NO2, a traffic pollution marker, and benzene, an industrial pollution indicator, stand out among the types of air pollution linked to these effects. The aim of this work is to show the methodology used to assign exposure levels for both pollutants and preliminary reports in the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Asturias cohort in Spain. This cohort consists of 494 pregnant women and their children, who have been recruited and followed since 2004. Air pollution levels were measured at 67 points by means of passive samplers. The mean NO2 measured value was 21.2 mu g m(-3) (range 3.5 mu g m(-3) t…