Search results for "URBANISME"
showing 10 items of 124 documents
Search without rescue? Evaluating the international search and rescue response to earthquake disasters
2020
Earthquakes around the world are unnecessarily lethal and destructive, adversely affecting the health and well-being of affected populations. Most immediate deaths and injuries are caused by building collapse, making search and rescue (SAR) an early priority. In this review, we assess the SAR response to earthquake disasters. First, we review the evidence for the majority of individuals being rescued locally, often by relatives and neighbours. We then summarise evidence for successful live rescues by international SAR (ISAR) teams, along with the costs, ethics and other considerations of deployment. Finally, we propose an alternative approach to postdisaster ISAR, with the goal of reducing …
Null models for animal social network analysis and data collected via focal sampling: Pre‐network or node network permutation?
2020
In social networks analysis, two different approaches have predominated in creating null models for hypothesis testing, namely pre‐network and node network permutation approaches. Although the pre‐network permutation approach appears more advantageous, its use has mainly been restricted to data on associations and sampling methods such as ‘group follows’. The pre‐network permutation approach has recently been adapted to data on interactions and the focal sampling method, but its performance in different scenarios has not been thoroughly explored. Here, we assessed the performance of the pre‐network and node network permutation approach in several simulated scenarios based on proneness to fa…
Climate Change and Migration for Scandinavian Saami: A Review of Possible Impacts
2019
Migration, especially of indigenous peoples, related to or influenced by climate change continues to gain increasing research and policy attention. Limited material remains for this topic for Scandinavia&rsquo
Outer suburbs, car dependence and residential choice in France, In: Planning After Petroleum: Preparing Cities for the Age Beyond Oil
2016
In a discussion of the findings of extensive research of everyday household practices, this chapter suggests effective policy responses to increasingly more expensive petrol prices. Our research involved interviews, observations and analyses of low-income households adapting their mobility practices and residential locations within highly car-dependent urban environments. The chapter examines two main types of practices of households in car-dependent outer suburbs: either households opt 'to stay', forgoing sustained mobility and a varied range of activities, or they choose 'to go' and relocate in areas where travel costs are less of a burden on their budgets. Our research analyzed statistic…
De barrio-problema a barrio de moda: gentrificación comercial en Russa-fa, El “Soho” valenciano
2015
Russafa neighborhood in Valencia (Spain) has become the center of one of the most ambitious urban redevelopment plans implemented by the local council in recent years. This old neighborhood of merchants and artisans, that during the 80's and 90’s experienced a long period of degradation and neglect, is today the multicultural trendy district for tourists and citizens The aim of this paper is to show the gentrification process emerged in this neighborhood, and how from the abandonment that characterized it just a decade ago, it has undergone a fast process of festivalization and economic transformation with the arrival of the “creative classes”, that so far has caused few reactions, despite …
The Artificial Society Analytics Platform
2020
Author's accepted manuscript Social simulation routinely involves the construction of artificial societies and agents within such societies. Currently there is insufficient discussion of best practices regarding the construction process. This chapter introduces the artificial society analytics platform (ASAP) as a way to spark discussion of best practices. ASAP is designed to be an extensible architecture capable of functioning as the core of many different types of inquiries into social dynamics. Here we describe ASAP, focusing on design decisions in several key areas, thereby exposing our assumptions and reasoning to critical scrutiny, hoping for discussion that can advance debate over be…
Optical Remote Sensing in Urban Environments
2016
International audience; Cities today face a variety of issues: attractiveness and economic development, living conditions and urban redevelopment, the quality of life of citizens and the environmental conditions of the urban system as a whole. These challenges reflect the situations in urban territories where the economic development and population growth required for stabilizing the urban system come into conflict with the promotion of esthetic urban improvements appropriate for social cohesion and ensuring the safety of users while guaranteeing a reduction of the environmental impact caused by urban spread [WGI 14, WEB 15, MAC 07, WIL 11]. The process of urbanization, which has significan…
Empty Urbanism: the bursting of the Spanish housing bubble
2015
The depth of the Spanish housing crisis manifests itself in the collapse of construction activity and in the amount of housing and land stocks. The geography of the crisis shows its widespread nature, and the intensity of the previous bubble explains spatial differences. Resulting from this collapse are some problematic areas of 'empty urbanism'. An enormous land bubble, emerging from the peculiar Spanish urban development model, was a key factor in the impacts - caused by the crisis - on the territory and land-use plans. The crisis has demonstrated the unsustainability of this and the urgency of change in the existing land-use plans.
L'architecte des bâtiments de France
2010
International audience; Entre conservation du patrimoine architectural et sauvegarde de l'environnement
L'agriculture urbaine : une agriculture juridiquement comme les autres?
2019
International audience; En plein essor, l'agriculture urbaine se présente comme un défi pour le droit agricole, construit sur un paradigme géographique et sociologique : la ruralité. Dès lors, comment saisir juridiquement ces nouveaux projets productifs, aux formes variées et aux modèles économiques souvent hybrides ? Est-ce aux acteurs urbains de s'adapter à des règles venues d'ailleurs, ou au droit de se tordre pour accompagner le mouvement d'une agriculture des villes, qui questionne celle des champs ?