Search results for "Ulcerative"

Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a new imaging modality for recognition of intramucosal bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease in vivo.

2011

International audience; BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Interaction of bacteria with the immune system within the intestinal mucosa plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the current study was to develop a fluorescein-aided confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) method to visualise intramucosal enteric bacteria in vivo and to determine the involved mucosal area in the colon and ileum in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Initially, E coli strains expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (pEGFP) were endomicroscopically imaged in mice. In addition, ex vivo and in vivo imaging of fluorescent human enteric bacteri…

Endoscopic surveillance in ulcerative colitis: smart biopsies do it better.

2007

Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) have a significantly higher risk for the development of colitisassociated colorectal cancer. Endoscopic surveillance is recommended. The growth pattern of dysplastic tissue is often multifocal and flat. Thus, significant lesions might be overlooked. Multiple random biopsies are recommended, but cannot eliminate the possibility of missed cancers with severe consequences for the patient. Chromoendoscopy with methylene blue or indigo carmine can unmask flat lesions and may solve this problem. In addition, confocal laser endomicroscopy enables in vivo histology with subcellular resolution during ongoing colonoscopy and leads to highly selected mucosal biops…

Chromoendoscopy and Other Novel Imaging Techniques

2006

The newly developed high-resolution and magnification endoscopes offer features that allow more and new mucosal details to be seen. They are commonly used in conjunction with chromoendoscopy. The analysis of mucosal surface details is beginning to resemble histologic examination. More accurate recognition of small flat and depressed neoplastic lesions is possible. Endoscopic prediction of neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissue is possible by analysis of surface architecture of the mucosa, which influences the endoscopic management. For the diagnosis of flat adenomas, chromoendoscopy should be a part of the endoscopist's armamentarium. In inflammatory bowel disease, chromoendoscopy can be used …

ADVANCED ENDOSCOPIC IMAGING FOR SURVEILLANCE FOR DYSPLASIA AND COLORECTAL CANCER IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: COULD THE PATHOLOGIST BE FURTHER HELP…

2014

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of developing intestinal cancer. The magnitude of that increased risk as well as how best to mitigate it remain a topic of ongoing investigation in the field. It is important to quantify the risk of colorectal cancer in association with IBD. The reported risk varies widely between studies. This is partly due to the different methodologies used in the studies. Because of the limitations of surveillance strategies based on the detection of dysplasia, advanced endoscopic imaging and techniques involving the detection of alterations in mucosal antigens and genetic abnormalities are being investigated. Development of new bioma…

Changes in immunohistochemical levels and subcellular localization after therapy and correlation and colocalization with CD68 suggest a pathogenetic …

2011

In an earlier work, the role of heat shock protein (Hsp60) in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) was suggested by its significant increase in the pathological mucosa parallel with an increase in inflammatory cells. More data in this direction are reported in this work. We analyzed by immunohistochemistry biopsies of colon tissue from 2 groups of patients with UC and treated with either 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) alone or in combination with a probiotic. We looked for inflammatory markers and Hsp60. Both the treatments were effective in reducing symptoms but the group treated with both 5-ASA and probiotics showed better clinical results. Amelioration of symptoms was associated wi…

Endomicroscopy for in vivo Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

2009

Colonoscopy for screening of colorectal cancer. What are the news? Review

2003

The goal of every routine endoscopy in the gut is the early diagnosis of malignant and premalignant changes of the mucosa. Chromo- and magnifying endoscopes are exciting new tools and offer detailed analysis of the colonic mucosal surface and pit pattern architecture. This review summarizes recent advances in endoscopic characterization of colorectal lesions using magnification endoscopy and chromoendoscopy. Surface analysis of the colon using chromoendoscopy allows a prediction between nonneoplastic and neoplastic lesions with high specificity. The precise delineation of the borders and a more detailed macroscopic analysis of the lesions are further advantages. In particular, flat adenomas…

Confocal laser endomicroscopy.

2005

A miniaturized confocal microscope was developed that could be integrated in the distal tip of a conventional colonoscope. With this technique, denoted confocal endomicroscopy, subsurface analysis of the gut mucosa and in-vivo histology during ongoing endoscopy are possible in full resolution by point scanning laser analysis. The diagnostic spectrum of confocal endomicroscopy is expanding from screening and surveillance for colorectal cancer to Barrett's esophagus, Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, and gastric cancer. The new detailed images seen with confocal laser endomicroscopy allow a unique look on cellular structures at and below the surface of the gut. This review describes t…

Ultrasound in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease

2014

The term Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is used to describe several idiopathic gastrointestinal disorders; among these diseases, the most commonly encountered in clinical practice are Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). CD and UC are different both in distribution of gastrointestinal tract involvement and depth of inflammation. 25% of patients reveals IBD during childhood or adolescence. [1] No consensus exists regarding the optimal techniques and imaging modalities when evaluating IBD, especially in the paediatric age. [2] The correct imaging choice often depends on clinical presentation of patients. The most common situations are: the initial diagnosis of suspected IBD; pa…

Aproximación al diseño de un programa de administración de infliximab a pacientes con colitis ulcerosa basado en un modelo famacocinético

2015

Background: Infliximab, an anti-tumour necrosis factor approved for treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is administered at predefined interdose-intervals. On insufficient response or loss of response, treatment can be intensified. The lack or loss of response is likely related to complex pharmacokinetics of infliximab. Aims: To explore optimal dosing strategies of infliximab in treatment-naïve patients with ulcerative colitis through predictive Monte Carlo simulations based on a validated population PK model. Methods: A population of 2,000 treatment-naïve patients was generated by Montecarlo simulation. Six dosing strategies for maintenance therapy were simulated on this po…