Search results for "Ultra"

showing 10 items of 4451 documents

Experimental Observation of Strong Exciton Effects in Graphene Nanoribbons

2019

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with atomically precise width and edge structures are a promising class of nanomaterials for optoelectronics, thanks to their semiconducting nature and high mobility of charge carriers. Understanding the fundamental static optical properties and ultrafast dynamics of charge carrier generation in GNRs is essential for optoelectronic applications. Combining THz spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, we report a strong exciton effect with binding energy up to 700 meV in liquid-phase-dispersed GNRs with a width of 1.7 nm and an optical bandgap of 1.6 eV, illustrating the intrinsically strong Coulomb interactions between photogenerated electrons and holes. By trac…

Materials scienceLetter530 PhysicsBand gapExcitonExciton binding energyBinding energyFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsBioengineering02 engineering and technologyElectronNanomaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)General Materials ScienceExciton formationCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringGraphene nanoribbonsGeneral Chemistry530 Physik021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsTHz spectroscopyOptoelectronicsCharge carrierExcitons0210 nano-technologybusinessUltrashort pulseGraphene nanoribbonsOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Processing conditions, microstructure and mechanical properties of hetero-nanostructured ODS FeAl alloys produced by spark plasma sintering

2013

International audience; Spark plasma sintering (SPS) has been used to sinter a milled oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) FeAl powder in order to prepare dense nanostructured parts. The effect of processing conditions including sintering temperature, holding time and degassing treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-sintered materials was investigated. A hetero-nanostructure that contains nano, ultrafine and micrometric grains was confirmed to be developed whatever the processing window, due to the large temperature difference generated during the SPS process itself. The grain size distribution can be tailored by selecting a combination of sintering temperature …

Materials scienceMILLED POWDERDUCTILITYOxideFABRICATIONSpark plasma sinteringSintering02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciencesNano-General Materials ScienceCONSOLIDATION010302 applied physicsCOATINGSNANOCRYSTALLINEIRON ALUMINIDEMechanical EngineeringMetallurgyFEALHIGH-STRENGTH021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructureGrain sizeNanocrystalline materialchemistryMechanics of MaterialsX-RAY0210 nano-technologyULTRAFINE-GRAINED METALS
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Ultrasonic detection by photo-EMF sensor and by wideband air-coupled transducer

2004

Two non-contact remote ultrasonic detection systems are compared. The first consists of a continuous wave (CW) Nd:YVO4 laser operating at 532 nm used in conjunction with a photo-induced electromotive-force (EMF) sensor. The second system employs an air-coupled capacitance transducer that has a bandwidth from 100 kHz up to 2 MHz. Both systems exhibit higher sensitivity to out-of-plane than in-plane measurements of stress wave signals. Ultrasound generation is carried out by an Nd:YAG pulsed laser at 532 nm in the thermoelastic regime in a 1.6 mm aluminum plate. A0 Lamb mode is generated at frequency-thickness product with strong out-of-plane displacements. Ultrasonic waveforms acquired are r…

Materials scienceMechanical EngineeringAcousticsUltrasonic testingDetectorAir-coupled transducerNon-contact ultrasoundCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserlaw.inventionTransducerMechanics of MaterialslawContinuous waveLaser.General Materials ScienceUltrasonic sensorWideband
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Luminescence and Transient Optical Absorption in CdWO<sub>4</sub>

1997

Materials scienceMechanical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryScintillatorCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMechanics of MaterialsUltrafast laser spectroscopyCadmium tungstateGeneral Materials ScienceTransient (oscillation)LuminescenceAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Materials Science Forum
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Studies of TiO<sub>2</sub> Ceramics Structure after Thermal Treatment at Different Conditions

2014

The present work describes results of investigation of structural characteristics of TiO2 ceramics, depending on temperature and thermal treatment conditions by using a variety of characterization techniques. TiO2 ceramics was prepared by extrusion method and developed as a material for electrodes for innovative water treatment technologies. It was shown that non-stoichiometric phase TiO1.95 was observed after thermal treatment of TiO2 ceramics under high vacuum conditions.

Materials scienceMechanical EngineeringUltra-high vacuumMetallurgyThermal treatmentCharacterization (materials science)Mechanics of Materialsvisual_artPhase (matter)Electrodevisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceWater treatmentExtrusionCeramicKey Engineering Materials
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Viscoelastic properties of the Achilles tendon in vivo

2013

It has been postulated that human tendons are viscoelastic and their mechanical properties time-dependent. Although Achilles tendon (AT) mechanics are widely reported, there is no consensus about AT viscoelastic properties such as loading rate dependency or hysteresis, in vivo. AT force-elongation characteristics were determined from 14 subjects in an ankle dynamometer at different loading rates using motion capture assisted ultrasonography. AT stiffness and elongation were determined between 10 – 80% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force at fast and slow loading rates. As subjects were unable to consistently match the target unloading rate in the slow condition, AT hysteresis was on…

Materials scienceMedial gastrocnemiusViscoelasticityStiffnessIn vivojäykkyysmedicineSimulationUltrasonographyAchilles tendonMultidisciplinaryResearchHysteresisStiffnessultraäänimusculoskeletal systemhystereesiTendonjänneHysteresismedicine.anatomical_structureultraäänitutkimusElongationAnklemedicine.symptomLoading rate dependencyBiomedical engineeringSpringerPlus
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Advancements in Sustainable PVDF Copolymer Membrane Preparation Using Rhodiasolv® PolarClean As an Alternative Eco-Friendly Solvent

2021

In this work, Rhodiasolv® PolarClean was employed as a more sustainable solvent for the preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) flat sheet membranes via phase inversion technique by coupling vapour induced phase separation (VIPS) and non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) processes. Preliminary calculations based on Hansen solubility parameters well predicted the solubilization of the polymer in the selected solvent. The effect of exposure time on humidity and the influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and sulfonated polyether sulfone (S-PES) on membrane properties and performance, were evaluated. Three different coagulation …

Materials scienceMicrofiltrationUltrafiltrationEnvironmental engineeringPolyethylene glycolPVDF-HFP membrane preparationEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringchemistry.chemical_compoundvihreä kemiaPolarCleanPhase inversion (chemistry)green solventsTD1-1066chemistry.chemical_classificationkalvot (tekniikka)General EngineeringmuovitekniikkaPolymerpolymeerikemiaTA170-171SolventHildebrand solubility parameterMembranechemistryChemical engineeringliuottimet
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Switchable surface structured hydrogel coatings

2017

Switchable surface structures based on hydrogels are an emerging field in material science, microfluidics, soft robotics and anti-fouling. Here, we describe a novel method that uses a photo-cross-linkable terpolymer to create a hydrogel coating with a switchable surface structure. The terpolymer is based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) and it is shown that simple coating technologies like slit die coating can be used under ambient conditions. It is also shown that the swelling ratio of the coating is controlled by the energy dose of ultraviolet (UV) light. Simple and complex surface structures were created using respectively single or multiple UV illumination steps through masks and…

Materials scienceMicrofluidicsSoft roboticsNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistryengineering.material010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesDie (integrated circuit)0104 chemical sciencesCoatingSelf-healing hydrogelsengineeringCopolymermedicine0210 nano-technologyScience technology and societyUltravioletSoft Matter
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Simulation of pH-controlled dissolution of aluminium based on a modified Scanning Electrochemical Microscope experiment to mimic localized trenching …

2011

Abstract Some constituent intermetallic (IMPs) particles at the surface of aluminium alloys are considered as preferential sites for the initiation of structural corrosion resulting in localized trenching around the particles and the surrounding Al matrix. In this work, a modified scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) experiment was used to induce such phenomena via a local alcalinisation on 200 nm thick aluminium coatings promoting their local dissolution in an aerated 0.1 M NaCl electrolyte. The local alcalinisation was induced by the oxygen reduction reaction on the tip of a SECM which mimics the surface of an isolated IMP. From a phenomenological point of view, reproducible cylindr…

Materials scienceMicroscopeGeneral Chemical EngineeringMetallurgyIntermetallicchemistry.chemical_elementUltramicroelectrodeElectrolyteCorrosionlaw.inventionchemistryChemical engineeringAluminiumlawElectrochemistryPlatinumDissolutionElectrochimica Acta
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Electrogeneration of Diiodoaurate in Dimethylsulfoxide on Gold Substrate and Localized Patterning

2016

International audience; A localized etching of gold surface by scanning electrochemical microscope technique is presented where a dimethylsulfoxide-based electrolyte charged with iodine is used. The electrogenerated triiodide ion at the platinum ultramicroelectrode tip (feedback mode) acts as an oxidant for gold surface. The effects of electrode diameter and the bias time have been investigated. The approach curve method was used to hold the electrode tip close to the gold surface. A scanning electron microscope is used to observe the etched gold surfaces where disk-shaped dots are generated. The diameter of these holes depends directly on the Pt electrode diameter and the bias time.

Materials scienceMicroscopeutramicroelectrodePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsScanning electron microscope020209 energyAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementUltramicroelectrode02 engineering and technologyDFT[ CHIM ] Chemical Scienceslaw.invention[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsScanning electrochemical microscopyEtching (microfabrication)law0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrochemistry[CHIM]Chemical Sciencessilver[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronicsionic liquid[SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]electron-beam lithographyself-assembled monolayersscanning electrochemical microscopyiodine-iodidegold etchingEQCMchemistryElectrodebis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imidefilmsfeedback modePlatinumSECMElectron-beam lithographydissolution kinetics
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