Search results for "Uncertainty"
showing 10 items of 1010 documents
Conceptualizations of Cyberchondria and Relations to the Anxiety Spectrum: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
2021
Background Cyberchondria describes the detrimental effects of health-related internet use. Current conceptualizations agree that cyberchondria is associated with anxiety-related pathologies and may best be conceptualized as a safety behavior; however, little is known about its exact underlying mechanisms. Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to give an overview of the conceptualizations of cyberchondria and its relation to anxiety-related pathologies, quantify the strength of association to health anxiety by using meta-analyses, highlight gaps in the literature, and outline a hypothetical integrative cognitive-behavioral model of cyberchondria based on the available empi…
CATs: whither and whence
2000
TAI: Hacia dónde y de dónde. En este trabajo esbozo el estado de la
 cuestión que dio lugar a los test adaptativos, centrando la discusión en el
 avance de los TAI y en particular en las expectativas que expresara Bert
 Green sobre las ventajas de esta tecnología. Se usan datos de la primera
 década donde los TAI fueron operativos, para comparar lo que ocurrió con
 aquello que se esperaba que ocurriera. Encuentro que algunas de las metas
 de TAI expresadas por Green están próximas a cumplirse, aunque la
 mayoría de ellas quedan para el futuro.
Climate mitigation and intensified forest management in Norway: To what extent are surface waters safeguarded?
2020
AbstractWhile the role of forestry in mitigating climate change is increasingly subject to political commitment, other areas, such as water protection, may be at risk. In this study, we ask whether surface waters are sufficiently safeguarded in relation to the 2015 launch of a series of measures to intensify forest management for mitigation of climate change in Norway. First, we assess how impacts on water are accounted for in existing regulations for sustainable forestry. Secondly, we provide an overview of the impacts of forestry on water quality relevant to three support schemes: afforestation on new areas, increased stocking density in existing forests, and forest fertilisation. Lastly,…
Energy saving in WWTP: Daily benchmarking under uncertainty and data availability limitations
2016
Efficient management of Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs) can produce significant environmental and economic benefits. Energy benchmarking can be used to compare WWTPs, identify targets and use these to improve their performance. Different authors have performed benchmark analysis on monthly or yearly basis but their approaches suffer from a time lag between an event, its detection, interpretation and potential actions. The availability of on-line measurement data on many WWTPs should theoretically enable the decrease of the management response time by daily benchmarking. Unfortunately this approach is often impossible because of limited data availability. This paper proposes a methodolo…
Thresholds for impaired species recovery
2015
Studies on small and declining populations dominate research in conservation biology. This emphasis reflects two overarching frameworks: the small-population paradigm focuses on correlates of increased extinction probability; the declining-population paradigm directs attention to the causes and consequences of depletion. Neither, however, particularly informs research on the determinants, rate or uncertainty of population increase. By contrast, Allee effects (positive associations between population size and realized per capita population growth rate, r realized , a metric of average individual fitness) offer a theoretical and empirical basis for identifying numerical and temporal threshol…
Estimation of recombinant protein production in Pichia pastoris base don a constraint-based model
2012
[EN] A previously validated constraint based model and possibilistic MFA have been used to design a simple estimator of protein production rate in Pichia pastoris cultures. A structured model of the yeast P. pastoris metabolism is used to predict the balance of key energetic equivalents such as ATP from available measurements, mainly substrate consumption, gases exchange rates and biomass specific growth. It has been shown that ATP flux can be related to biomass growth and protein productivity specific rates by linear regression. Cross-validation has been applied for robust parameter fitting on the basis of chemostat, steady-state experimental conditions. In this way, protein estimation can…
Uncertainty quantification analysis of the biological Gompertz model subject to random fluctuations in all its parameters
2020
[EN] In spite of its simple formulation via a nonlinear differential equation, the Gompertz model has been widely applied to describe the dynamics of biological and biophysical parts of complex systems (growth of living organisms, number of bacteria, volume of infected cells, etc.). Its parameters or coefficients and the initial condition represent biological quantities (usually, rates and number of individual/particles, respectively) whose nature is random rather than deterministic. In this paper, we present a complete uncertainty quantification analysis of the randomized Gomperz model via the computation of an explicit expression to the first probability density function of its solution s…
Risk Management for Sustainable Sovereign Debt Financing
2021
We model sovereign debt sustainability with optimal financing decisions under macroeconomic, financial, and fiscal uncertainty, with endogenous risk and term premia. Using a coherent risk measure we trade-off debt stock and flow risks subject to sustainability constraints. We optimize static and dynamic financing strategies and demonstrate economically significant savings from optimal financing compared with simple rules and consols, and find that optimizing the trade-offs can be critical for sustainability. The model quantifies minimum refinancing risk and maximum rate of debt reduction that a sovereign can achieve given its economic fundamentals, and an extension identifies optimal timing…
Uncertainty analysis of gross primary production upscaling using Random Forests, remote sensing and eddy covariance data
2015
Abstract The accurate quantification of carbon fluxes at continental spatial scale is important for future policy decisions in the context of global climate change. However, many elements contribute to the uncertainty of such estimate. In this study, the uncertainties of eight days gross primary production (GPP) predicted by Random Forest (RF) machine learning models were analysed at the site, ecosystem and European spatial scales. At the site level, the uncertainties caused by the missing of key drivers were evaluated. The most accurate predictions of eight days GPP were obtained when all available drivers were used (Pearson's correlation coefficient, ρ ~ 0.84; Root Mean Square Error (RMSE…
From putative genes to temperament and culture: Cultural characteristics of the distribution of dominant affective temperaments in national studies
2010
Abstract Background Affective temperaments may carry distinct evolutionary advantages both on the individual or a group level, so we can expect that in different cultural and national samples the frequency of dominant affective temperaments will show characteristic differences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of distribution of dominant affective temperaments in different national studies of general non-clinical population. Method In our study we included six studies published in different countries around the world (Argentina, Germany, Hungary, Korea, Portugal, and Lebanon) which investigated a large sample of non-clinical population using TEMPS-A, and r…