Search results for "Uncertainty"

showing 10 items of 1010 documents

Catecholamine Response Curves of Male Hypertensives Identified by Lehmacher's Two Sample Configural Frequency Analysis

1997

A new application of LEHMACHER'S (1980) marginal homogeneity sign tests is given by analysis of bivariate response curves (or response surfaces) in two unpaired samples of hypertensive versus normotensive patients. Rationale and computations are illustrated by empirical data from sympathomedullary stress research.

Statistics and ProbabilityContingency tableEmpirical dataFrequency analysisGeneral MedicineBivariate analysisMarginal homogeneitylaw.inventionlawStatisticsCatecholaminemedicineTwo sampleStatistics Probability and UncertaintyConfigural frequency analysisMathematicsmedicine.drugBiometrical Journal
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Test Procedures in Configural Frequency Analysis (CFA) Controlling the Local and Multiple Level

1987

The test statistics used until now in the CFA have been developed under the assumption of the overall hypothesis of total independence. Therefore, the multiple test procedures based on these statistics are really only different tests of the overall hypothesis. If one likes to test a special cell hypothesis, one should only assume that this hypothesis is true and not the whole overall hypothesis. Such cell tests can then be used as elements of a multiple test procedure. In this paper it is shown that the usual test procedures can be very anticonservative (except of the two-dimensional, and, for some procedures, the three-dimensional case), and corrected test procedures are developed. Further…

Statistics and ProbabilityContingency tableGeneral MedicineTest (assessment)StatisticsPortmanteau testEconometricsChi-square testTest statisticStatistics Probability and UncertaintyConfigural frequency analysisIndependence (probability theory)MathematicsStatistical hypothesis testingBiometrical Journal
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Binary distributions of concentric rings

2014

We introduce families of jointly symmetric, binary distributions that are generated over directed star graphs whose nodes represent variables and whose edges indicate positive dependences. The families are parametrized in terms of a single parameter. It is an outstanding feature of these distributions that joint probabilities relate to evenly spaced concentric rings. Kronecker product characterizations make them computationally attractive for a large number of variables. We study the behavior of different measures of dependence and derive maximum likelihood estimates when all nodes are observed and when the inner node is hidden.

Statistics and ProbabilityContingency tableKronecker productDiscrete mathematicsNumerical AnalysisBinary numberStar (graph theory)Combinatoricssymbols.namesakeConditional independenceJoint probability distributionsymbolsFeature (machine learning)Node (circuits)Statistics Probability and UncertaintyMathematicsJournal of Multivariate Analysis
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On Rao Score and Pearson X2 Statistics in Generalized Linear Models

2005

The identity of the Rao score and PearsonX 2 statistics is well known in the areas where the latter was first introduced: goodness-of-fit in contingency tables and binary responses. We show in this paper that the same identity holds when the two statistics are used for testing goodness-of-fit of Generalized Linear Models. We also highlight the connections that exist between the two statistics when they are used for the comparison of nested models. Finally, we discuss some merits of these unifying results.

Statistics and ProbabilityContingency tableProper linear modelstatisticLinear modelScoreRao scoreGeneralized linear mixed modelHierarchical generalized linear modelQuasi-likelihoodStatisticsStatistics Probability and Uncertaintylinear modelsGeneralized estimating equationMathematics
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Sequentially Rejective Test Procedures for Detecting Outlying Cells in One- and Two-Sample Multinomial Experiments

1985

For multiple testing of multinomial models in the case of one or two samples we propose using test procedures based on the principle described by MARCUS, PERITZ and GABRIEL (1976). These methods are based in each step of the sequentially rejective strategy on tests which exhaust the full α level (i.e. which are not conservative). The tests can be performed in a finite or asymptotic version.

Statistics and ProbabilityContingency tableTest proceduresStatisticsMultiple comparisons problemMultinomial distributionGeneral MedicineTwo sampleStatistics Probability and UncertaintyAlgorithmConfigural frequency analysisMathematicsBiometrical Journal
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A new position weight correlation coefficient for consensus ranking process without ties

2019

Preference data represent a particular type of ranking data where a group of people gives their preferences over a set of alternatives. The traditional metrics between rankings do not take into account the importance of swapping elements similar among them (element weights) or elements belonging to the top (or to the bottom) of an ordering (position weights). Following the structure of the τx proposed by Emond and Mason and the class of weighted Kemeny–Snell distances, a proper rank correlation coefficient is defined for measuring the correlation among weighted position rankings without ties. The one‐to‐one correspondence between the weighted distance and the rank correlation coefficient ho…

Statistics and ProbabilityCorrelation coefficientPosition (vector)Preference dataStatisticsProcess (computing)Statistics Probability and Uncertaintyconsensus ranking Kemeny distance position weights preference data rank correlation coefficientKemeny distanceMathematicsRanking (information retrieval)Stat
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Sign and rank covariance matrices

2000

The robust estimation of multivariate location and shape is one of the most challenging problems in statistics and crucial in many application areas. The objective is to find highly efficient, robust, computable and affine equivariant location and covariance matrix estimates. In this paper, three different concepts of multivariate sign and rank are considered and their ability to carry information about the geometry of the underlying distribution (or data cloud) are discussed. New techniques for robust covariance matrix estimation based on different sign and rank concepts are proposed and algorithms for computing them outlined. In addition, new tools for evaluating the qualitative and quant…

Statistics and ProbabilityCovariance functionCovariance matrixApplied MathematicsMathematicsofComputing_NUMERICALANALYSISCovariance intersectionCovarianceEstimation of covariance matricesMatérn covariance functionScatter matrixStatisticsRational quadratic covariance functionStatistics Probability and UncertaintyAlgorithmMathematicsJournal of Statistical Planning and Inference
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The affine equivariant sign covariance matrix: asymptotic behavior and efficiencies

2003

We consider the affine equivariant sign covariance matrix (SCM) introduced by Visuri et al. (J. Statist. Plann. Inference 91 (2000) 557). The population SCM is shown to be proportional to the inverse of the regular covariance matrix. The eigenvectors and standardized eigenvalues of the covariance, matrix can thus be derived from the SCM. We also construct an estimate of the covariance and correlation matrix based on the SCM. The influence functions and limiting distributions of the SCM and its eigenvectors and eigenvalues are found. Limiting efficiencies are given in multivariate normal and t-distribution cases. The estimates are highly efficient in the multivariate normal case and perform …

Statistics and ProbabilityCovariance functionaffine equivarianceinfluence functionMultivariate normal distributionrobustnessComputer Science::Human-Computer InteractionEfficiencyestimatorsEstimation of covariance matricesScatter matrixStatisticsAffine equivarianceApplied mathematicsCMA-ESMultivariate signCovariance and correlation matricesRobustnessmultivariate medianMathematicsprincipal componentsInfluence functionNumerical AnalysisMultivariate medianCovariance matrixcovariance and correlation matricesdiscriminant-analysisCovarianceComputer Science::Otherdispersion matricesefficiencyLaw of total covariancemultivariate locationtestsStatistics Probability and Uncertaintyeigenvectors and eigenvaluesEigenvectors and eigenvaluesmultivariate signJournal of Multivariate Analysis
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Testing Goodness-of-Fit with the Kernel Density Estimator: GoFKernel

2015

To assess the goodness-of-fit of a sample to a continuous random distribution, the most popular approach has been based on measuring, using either L∞ - or L2 -norms, the distance between the null hypothesis cumulative distribution function and the empirical cumulative distribution function. Indeed, as far as I know, almost all the tests currently available in R related to this issue (ks.test in package stats, ad.test in package ADGofTest, and ad.test, ad2.test, ks.test, v.test and w2.test in package truncgof) use one of these two distances on cumulative distribution functions. This paper (i) proposes dgeometric.test, a new implementation of the test that measures the discrepancy between a s…

Statistics and ProbabilityCumulative distribution functionKernel density estimationProbability density functionKolmogorov–Smirnov testEmpirical distribution functionsymbols.namesakeGoodness of fitStatisticssymbolsStatistics Probability and UncertaintyNull hypothesisRandom variablelcsh:Statisticslcsh:HA1-4737SoftwareMathematicsJournal of Statistical Software
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Nonequilibrium electron spin relaxation in n-type doped GaAs sample

2019

Non-equilibrium electron spin relaxation in a n-type doped GaAs bulk semiconductor is investigated. We use a semiclassical Monte Carlo approach by considering multivalley spin dynamics of drifting electrons. Spin relaxation is considered through the D'yakonov-Perel mechanism, which is the dominant process in III-V semiconductors. An analytical expression for the inhomogeneous broadening of spin precession vector is derived by taking into account the effect of the electric field and the doping density. The inclusion of electron-electron scattering has the effect of increasing both the spin lifetime and the depolarization length. In particular, we find a non-monotonic trend with the maximum o…

Statistics and ProbabilityDYNAMICSMaterials scienceSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciCondensed matter physicsDopingNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsCARRIERSSample (graphics)SEMICONDUCTORSTRANSPORTSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaNOISESPINTRONICSRelaxation (physics)SCATTERINGStatistics Probability and UncertaintySILICONDRIFTING ELECTRONSPATTERN-FORMATION
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