Search results for "Union"
showing 10 items of 2069 documents
Cancer colorectal : du diagnostic au dépistage
2009
Colorectal cancer fulfils the conditions required for mass screening. Data from controlled studies indicate that it is possible to reduce colorectal cancer mortality at a population level using faecal occult blood testing. Screenings rely on biennial testing in between 50 and 74average risk subjects. Compliance must be over 50%. Colorectal cancer mortality decrease in this case between 15 and 18% in the general population, 33 and 39% among participants to screening. The European Commission, on the basis of available data recommended to organise colorectal cancer screening in the European Union. Generalisation of screening has become a reality in France. Epidemiological studies allow us to d…
Considerations on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Romania's Accession to the European Union
2015
Abstract After nine years from Romania's accession to the European Union, the advantages are sustained with specific statistical markers, which could have been more positive if the effect of certain identified causes (reduced administrative ability, political instability, extended corruption, high tax evasion etc.) would have been diminished. Counterbalancing the benefits of the accession the opinion polls show the disadvantages. If a poll conducted four years prior to the accession showed that 66% of Romania's population considered that the accession to the European Union would produce positive effects, after six years from the accession things have reversed and 58% of Romanians considered…
The Oxford Union Debate on War in 1933 : Rhetoric, Representation. Political Action
2017
This paper shows how a debate conducted in the Oxford Union, the leading student debating society in Britain, was used to make a point about representation and politics in the national press, and what it means in terms of political action and who can be considered to make political arguments. In 1933 the Union debated a motion ‘That this House under no circumstances will fight for its King and Country’. It was carried by a clear margin, and the scandal it caused put the role of the Union and what it represented into question. It is here argued that there were two rhetorical levels in operation, rhetoric of representation and rhetoric of debate. With the former, the Union was blamed in the n…
On the Absence of Direct Effect of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body's Decisions in the EU Legal Order
2012
This chapter talks about the Absence of Direct Effect of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body's Decisions in the EU Legal Order. It covers five main sections: (1) The Domestic Validity and Rank of Decision (2) Their Internal Effects (3) The 'Scope for Manoeuvre' Argument: An Assessment from the Perspective of the WTO Legal System (4) The 'Scope for Manoeuvre' Argument: An Assessment from the Perspective of the EU Legal System and (5) The Pragmatic Role Played by Direct Effect in the Protection of the Autonomy of the EU Legal Order and Its Costs. According to established case law, while the binding character of international agreements is sufficient to use WTO law as a standard for reviewing the …
Mobility and Unspoken Citizens’ Rights in EU-Documents
2015
The formulation of Union citizenship has concentrated on rights since the 1970s. In the Maastricht and subsequent EU treaties, Union citizenship is defined through rights. Against this background, discussion on rights in the EU documents on citizenship analysed in this article is surprisingly scarce. The research material consists of 15 documents produced by EU institutions in 2003–2007 as part of three programmes on citizenship. In the documents, the discussion on rights focuses on mobility instead of other aspects of rights. Electoral rights and fundamental rights are discussed a little, but in general, the minuscule discussion on rights is dominated by discussions on freedom of mobility,…
Non-elected Political Elites in the EU
2017
With globalization and Europeanization, profound changes have taken place in the composition and structure of elites. Once solidly tied to the nation state, elites have, following processes of differentiation and specialization, become more transnational than ever before. Their development has been conditioned by the evolving relationship between international, transnational, and national powers. In the European context, key institutional players today include the European Commission, the European Ombudsman and the European Court of Justice as aspiring representatives of the general European interest and the Council of Ministers and member states as representing national interests in the EU…
Mikä selittää eläkeiän nostohalukkuutta? : analyysi työssäkäyvien mielipiteistä EU27-alueella
2016
Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoitus on selvittää, mitkä tekijät selittävät eläkeiän nostohalukkuutta. Eläkeiän nosto on nähty monissa aiemmissa tutkimuksissa välttämättömäksi keinoksi vastata väestön ikääntymisen mukanaan tuomiin haasteisiin. Keskeisimpiä käsitteitä tutkimuksessani ovat eläkeikä, eläkejärjestelmät ja eläkeregiimiteoria. Käyn läpi, miten väestön ikääntyminen ja huoltosuhteen kasvu ovat nostaneet tarpeen päivittää sosiaaliturvaa ja eläkejärjestelmiä. Tarkastelen myös, mitä meneillään oleva yhteiskuntien ikääntymiskehitys tarkoittaa sukupolvisopimuksen näkökulmasta. Lisäksi avaan työurien pidentämiskeskustelua, joka usein liitetään eläkeiän nostoon ja julkisten talouksien tasapainotta…
Enforcing WTO Law
2017
This contribution analyses the difference between the enforcement system provided for by the European Union legal system and the one set up by the World Trade Organisation. The reciprocal and bilateral nature of the WTO obligations and the possibility for the parties to a dispute to have recourse to negotiation (in ways not always foreseen and regulated by the Dispute Settlement Understanding) in order to resolve the issue of implementation in the post-adjudication phase of the dispute settlement procedure are features that by-and-large differentiate the WTO legal system from that of the EU and also explains the differences between the remedies provided for by the two systems.
Article 23 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union on equality between men and women
2022
En esta publicación, os comento el artículo 23 de la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión Europea sobre la igualdad entre hombres y mujeres In this publication. I talk about article Article 23 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union on equality between men and women
Ethnographic approach to participation in EU policy : developing polyspatial agency
2022
This article uses an ethnographic approach to study citizens’ participation in the context of participatory practices organized in the framework of cultural policy of the European Union. It focuses on one EU policy action, European Heritage Label (EHL) and one cultural heritage site that has received this label. The research data was collected through participant observation and interviews with young people who participated in the activities organized on and by the site. This article asks: what meanings the participants give to participation. By analysing the participants’ experiences of the site and their conceptions of participation, I develop the notion of ‘polyspatial agency’. The ethno…