Search results for "Universe"

showing 10 items of 2171 documents

Le climat de la Terre à l’échelle des temps géologiques.

2011

2 pages; National audience

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy[SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry[SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[ SDU.STU.GC ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry[ SDU.STU.ST ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/StratigraphyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Landslide monitoring using multi-temporal terrestrial laser scanning(TLS) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in the high Arctic,Ny-Ålesund

2019

International audience; The acceleration of climate-induced changes in high arctic environments is evident and lead to a wide range ofprocesses (e.g. glacier retreat, landslide activity). Recent studies (Bernard et al. 2014) provide evidence that, thestability of the talus covered slopes is reducing and thus landslides are occurring more frequently on the slopessurrounding the Austre Lovénbreen glacier.The Austre Lovénbreen glacier basin is a relatively small arctic glacier basin located at 79◦N, Ny-Ålesund(Svalbard) and geologically is part of the Kongsvegen Group, which is composed of the Nielsenfjellet, Steenfjelletand the Bogegga Formation. This study focusses on the quantitative and sp…

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph][SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography[SDU.STU.GP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph][SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
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Climats tropicaux d'aujourd'hui à demain : variabilité et changements

2008

Present and future tropical climates : their climate variability and their climate changes The oriffttality of tropical climates is re-examined under the light of climate variability and climate change, both present and future . The interannual variability of rainfall is on average larger in the tropics than in the extra-tropics, but it is also spatially more contrasted. Human communities have often responded to this constraint through efficient coping strategies. The regions showing the most variable climate do not necessarily have lower population densities, an indication that in the long run variability is not decisive. However, the recent demographic growth of these regions is often low…

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyrainfall ; seasonal prediction ; climate inpacts. ; climatic hazards ; climate change ; Tropics ; interannual variability[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/ClimatologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSaléas climatiques ; variabilité interannuelle ; impacts climatiques. ; prévision saisonnière ; précipitations ; tropicalité ; changements climatiques[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
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Types de configurations pluviométriques sur le bassin méditerranéen, forçages atmosphériques et évènements intenses (1979-2013).

2015

Sixrecurrent and redundant daily rainfall patterns have been extracted over the Mediterranean area from 1979 to 2013: five areassociated to regionals rainfall excess (South-West Mediterranean, Mid-North Mediterranean, East Mediterranean, WestMediterranean and north-west Mediterranean) and one to generalized deficit. Each rainfall pattern is associated with atypical barometric spatial configuration leading to local wind bringing moisture to the coast leading to specific local rainfallsurplus. Rainfall patterns also explain a large part of the spatial characteristics and the probability of occurrence of intenseevents. For example, more than 20% of days of “West-Mediterranean” rainfall pattern…

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologyatmospheric circulationMediterranean basinrainfall patternsintense eventsconfigurations de pluiecirculations atmosphériques[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologyévènements intensesbassin méditerranéen
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Épisodes secs en hiver dans le bassin méditerranéen : variabilité et forçages atmosphériques (1957-2013).

2016

The mean number of dry days in winter increased in the Mediterranean Basin during the 1957-2013 period,mainly because of dry spells becoming longer. The shortest events (Very Short Dry Spells) were less frequentwhereas longer events (Short Dry Spells, Medium Dry Spells and Long Dry Spells) were more frequent on theMediterranean Basin. 76 very long events (Very Long Dry Spells – VLDS) occurred during the 1957-2013period. A hierarchical clustering analysis of these VLDS events allows to detect 5 mainly Mediterraneanconfigurations: North-West Mediterranean, West Mediterranean, North-East Mediterranean, South-EastMediterranean and localized events.

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologyatmospheric circulationépisodes secs extrêmesMediterranean basinextreme dry spellscirculations atmosphériques[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologybassin méditerranéen
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Impacts sur le climat régional induits par l'immersion d'une zone aride : cas de Chott Jérid (sud de la Tunisie).

2017

This work aims to show the possible impacts on the regional climate that could be caused by the partial immersion ofChott Jérid located in the south of Tunisia. Climate simulations have been carried out using the Weather Research andForecasting (WRF) model to compare the present climate of the Chott area simulated over the period 1991-2011 under realconditions of land use to the climate simulated in the fictional presence of a vast artificial waterbody (or lake). Comparisonsshowed that the lake would have a particularly moderating effect on average air temperatures. The sensible heat flux wouldincrease substantially during the winter and decrease during the summer, while latent heat and moi…

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologyregional climateWRFimpacts climatiques régionauxChott Jérid[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologylac artificielartificial lake
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Évaluation des effets thermiques des leviers d'action visant à réduire l'îlot de chaleur urbain : l'exemple de Dijon.

2017

Climate Change and Urban Heat Island (UHI) combine their effects and lead to increased frequencies and intensities of heat waves in urban environments. Considering the associated public health issues, several actions are possible: the color of the materials, the development of water surfaces or urban vegetation. In Dijon, a network of 60 stations makes it possible to evaluate the potential of these three actions. Analysis of the warm summer 2016 season reveals that the refreshing role of water only occurs during daytime, the effect of bright surfaces (concrete versus bitumen) on the air temperature is only a few tenths of a degree, while vegetation offers the largest refreshing potential. I…

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/ClimatologyvegetationeauwaterICUUHI[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologyalbedo
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Influence de l'ENSO sur les précipitations de la région à pluies d'hiver d’Afrique du sud.

2012

5 pages; International audience; L'impact de l'ENSO sur la région à pluies d'hiver d'Afrique du Sud a été peu étudié, alors qu’il s’agit d’une zone densément peuplée, grosse exportatrice de produits agricoles, et par ailleurs remarquable par sa biodiversité. La relation ENSO - précipitations d'hiver est analysée à partir de 682 pluviomètres sur la période 1950-1999. Le cumul saisonnier mai-juillet (MJJ) est corrélé positivement et significativement à l'ENSO depuis la rupture climatique de 1976/1977. Les forts cumuls de MJJ durant les événements ENSO résultent de séquences humides plus longues dans la région du Cap et plus fréquentes dans la région au nord de 33°S. Les séquences humides enre…

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologycaractéristiques intra-saisonnièresprécipitations hivernales[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/ClimatologyWestern CapeENSO
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Étude des températures simulées avec Méso-NH : sensibilité à l’artificialisation des sols à Grenoble et Lyon.

2022

International audience; La modélisation atmosphérique à très fine échelle permet d’analyser la dynamique de l’îlot dechaleur urbain en contexte de topographie complexe. Deux simulations (Urbaine et Non-Urbaine) mettenten évidence les effets associés à l'urbanisation. La taille des agglomérations, dans le cas de Lyon etGrenoble, n'influence pas la différence de température entre les deux simulations. Les conditions destabilité influencent fortement ces différences. L'ICU peut être intensifié par l'affaiblissement du vent oul’effet de piégeage et/ou le développement d’une couche d’inversion.

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologycirculation locale[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologysimulation numériqueîlot de chaleur urbaintopographie
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Changements d'échelle et sorties climatiques régionalisées

2005

Les modèles numériques de circulation générale produisent des champs climatiques sur un maillage trop grossier. Certains paramètres varient beaucoup localement en fonction de leur environnement (relief, végétation...). C'est le cas des précipitations, lorsqu'elles sont essentiellement convectives comme en Afrique. Les méthodes et outils permettant un dialogue entre ces deux échelles vont des modèles emboîtés aux modèles statistiques, en passant par des approches mixtes. Ces techniques en développement deviennent nécessaires si l'on veut mener correctement les études d'impact liées à la variabilité climatique à court ou moyen terme, particulièrement pour ce qui concerne l'extension des malad…

[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologyclimat[SDE.MCG.CG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cgpluie[ SDE.MCG.CG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes/domain_sde.mcg.cg[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/ClimatologysaisonépidémieAfrique ouest
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