Search results for "Universe"
showing 10 items of 2171 documents
Global and Local Effects of Rotation: Observational Aspects
2011
In the paper we discussed the observational aspects of rotation in the Universe on different scales. We show dependence between the angular momentum of the structures and their size. The presented observational situation is that the galaxies, their pairs and compact groups have a non-vanishing angular momentum. In the structures of mass corresponding to groups of galaxies, this feature has not been found, while in the clusters and superclusters alignment of galaxy orientation has been actually found. Also we know that galaxies have net angular momentum due to the fact that we actually measure the rotation curves of galaxies. These facts lead to the conclusion that theories which connect gal…
Field-free molecular alignment for probing collisional relaxation dynamics
2013
International audience; We report the experimental study of field-free molecular alignment in CO2 gas mixtures induced by intense femtosecond laser pulses in the presence of collisional processes. We demonstrate that the alignment signals exhibit specific features due to nontrivial collisional propensity rules that tend to preserve the orientation of the rotational angular momentum of the molecules. The analysis is performed with a quantum approach based on the modeling of rotational J- and M-dependent state-to-state transfer rates. The present work paves the way for strong-field spectroscopy of collisional dynamics.
Self-accelerating solutions of scalar-tensor gravity
2007
Scalar-tensor gravity is the simplest and best understood modification of general relativity, consisting of a real scalar field coupled directly to the Ricci scalar curvature. Models of this type have self-accelerating solutions. In an example inspired by string dilaton couplings, scalar-tensor gravity coupled to ordinary matter exhibits a de Sitter type expansion, even in the presence of a {\it negative} cosmological constant whose magnitude exceeds that of the matter density. This unusual behavior does not require phantoms, ghosts or other exotic sources. More generally, we show that any expansion history can be interpreted as arising partly or entirely from scalar-tensor gravity. To dist…
A mysterious Universe : revealing the bright and dark sides of the cosmos
2016
Why is our universe as we observe it? Will it be the same forever? Understanding the nature of the main constituents of the universe is crucial to obtain a precise description of the way in which it reached its present state. Nowadays, many independent observations support a picture in which the matter content of the universe is shared between an ordinary and observable baryonic component ( ~ 5?%) and an invisible dark matter ( ~ 23?%). The remaining ~ 72?% of the universe content is in the form of a completely mysterious dark energy field. This composition emphasizes that, while ~ 95?% of our universe represents a major uncertainty for us, even the minor contribution from normal and, appar…
Primordial Heavy Element Production
1995
A number of possible mechanisms have been suggested to generate density in-homogeneities in the early Universe which could survive until the onset of primordial nucleosynthesis (Malaney and Mathews 1993). In this work we are not concerned with how the inhomogeneities were generated but we want to focus on the effect of such inhomogeneities on primordial nucleosynthesis. One of the proposed signatures of inhomogeneity, the synthesis of very heavy elements by neutron capture, was analyzed for varying baryon to photon ratios n and length scales L. A detailed discussion is published in (Rauscher et al. 1994b). Preliminary results can be found in (Thielemann et al. 1991; Rauscher et al. 1994a).
The B0.5IVe CoRoT target HD 49330. I. Photometric analysis from CoRoT data
2009
International audience; Context: Be stars undergo outbursts producing a circumstellar disk from the ejected material. The beating of non-radial pulsations has been put forward as a possible mechanism of ejection. Aims: We analyze the pulsational behavior of the early B0.5IVe star HD 49330 observed during the first CoRoT long run towards the Galactical anticenter (LRA1). This Be star is located close to the lower edge of the beta Cephei instability strip in the HR diagram and showed a 0.03 mag outburst during the CoRoT observations. It is thus an ideal case for testing the aforementioned hypothesis. Methods: We analyze the CoRoT light curve of HD 49330 using Fourier methods and non-linear le…
The Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays and Cosmic Neutrinos as Probes for the Distant Universe. Astrophysics Involved and Experimental Approach
2001
The Cosmic Radiation, with its charged and neutral components, can be considered the second fundamental channel for the investigation of the Universe complementing the “Electromagnetic” specific of the conventional Astronomy. The experimental approach considered here is based on the observation from a Low Orbit Satellite of the UV fluorescence signal produced in the Earth atmosphere by the incoming radiation. A general description is given of the AIR WATCH/OWL experiment; some detail will also be given of “EUSO”: Extreme Universe Space Observatory” a proposal which is being submitted to the European Space Agency in response to an Announcement of Opportunity (AO) issued on October 1999.
Observational Constraints on Undulant Cosmologies
2005
In an undulant universe, cosmic expansion is characterized by alternating periods of acceleration and deceleration. We examine cosmologies in which the dark-energy equation of state varies periodically with the number of e-foldings of the scale factor of the universe, and use observations to constrain the frequency of oscillation. We find a tension between a forceful response to the cosmic coincidence problem and the standard treatment of structure formation.
Intra--Galactic thin shell wormhole and its stability
2013
In this paper, we construct an intra-galactic thin shell wormhole joining two copies of identical galactic space times described by the Mannheim-Kazanas de Sitter solution in conformal gravity and study its stability under spherical perturbations. We assume the thin shell material as a Chaplygin gas and discuss in detail the values of the relevant parameters under which the wormhole is stable. We study the stability following the method by Eiroa and we also qualitatively analyze the dynamics through the method of Weierstrass. We find that the wormhole is generally unstable but there is a small interval in radius for which the wormhole is stable.
The Cosmological Evolution of Light Dark Photon Dark Matter
2020
Light dark photons are subject to various plasma effects, such as Debye screening and resonant oscillations, which can lead to a more complex cosmological evolution than is experienced by conventional cold dark matter candidates. Maintaining a consistent history of dark photon dark matter requires ensuring that the super-thermal abundance present in the early Universe $\textit{(i)}$ does not deviate significantly after the formation of the CMB, and $\textit{(ii)}$ does not excessively leak into the Standard Model plasma after BBN. We point out that the role of non-resonant absorption, which has previously been neglected in cosmological studies of this dark matter candidate, produces strong …