Search results for "Urine"

showing 10 items of 924 documents

Interaction of Taurine on Baclofen Intestinal Absorption: A Nonlinear Mathematical Treatment using Differential Equations to Describe Kinetic Inhibit…

1996

Previous studies showed that the in situ absorption of baclofen in rat jejunum was inhibited by beta-alanine, a nonessential amino acid, and therefore mediated, at least in part, by some beta-amino acid carrier. In this paper a similar study was undertaken using taurine, a sulfonic beta-amino acid, in order to evaluate its effect and to establish a general inhibition model. To achieve this goal, remaining concentrations of inhibitor were also measured and incorporated into the model. Previously, kinetic absorption in situ parameters for taurine in free solution were obtained: Vm = 27.73 +/- 9.99 mM h-1, K(m) = 8.06 +/- 2.82 mM, Ka (passive difussion component) = 0.40 +/- 0.28 h-1. Isotonic …

MaleAbsorption (pharmacology)BaclofenTaurineTaurinePharmaceutical ScienceIntestinal absorptionchemistry.chemical_compoundNon-competitive inhibitionLeucineAnimalsRats Wistargamma-Aminobutyric Acidchemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyMuscle Relaxants CentralRatsAmino acidKineticsBaclofenIntestinal AbsorptionModels ChemicalchemistryBiochemistrybeta-AlanineLeucinePerfusionJournal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Inhibitory responses to exogenous adenosine in murine proximal and distal colon”

2006

The aims of the present study were firstly, to characterize pharmacologically the subtypes of P(1) purinoreceptors involved in the inhibitory effects induced by exogenous adenosine in longitudinal smooth muscle of mouse colon, and secondly, to examine differences in the function and distribution of these receptors between proximal and distal colon. Adenosine (100 microM-3 mM) caused a concentration-dependent reduction of the amplitude of spontaneous contractions in the proximal colon, and muscular relaxation in the distal colon. In the proximal colon, adenosine effects were antagonized by a selective A(1) receptor antagonist, 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX, 10 nM), but were not m…

MaleAdenosineNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIColonmouse colonadenosine A2B receptorNitric OxideSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaMiceP1 purinoreceptorAnimalsadenosine A3 receptorEnzyme InhibitorsDose-Response Relationship Drugadenosine A1 receptorReceptors Purinergic P1Muscle SmoothTriazolesnitrergic nervesMice Inbred C57BLNG-Nitroarginine Methyl Esteradenosine A2 receptorPurinergic P1 Receptor AntagonistsXanthinesPapersQuinazolinesTheobrominemechanical activityMuscle ContractionSignal Transduction
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Sex and age-specific differences in ultraviolet reflectance of scent marks of bank voles ( Clethrionomys glareolus )

2000

Scent markings of voles are visible via their ultraviolet reflection. Kestrels, and possibly other diurnal raptors, may use this property when hunting. We performed a laboratory study on bank voles to determine whether UV-reflectance of scent marks differs in relation to sex, age and social status. When reflectance spectra of scent marks were measured with a spectro-radiometer, we found UV reflectance to be strongest in mature males. There were no differences between mature females and immature juveniles, nor between sexes in juveniles or mature and immature individuals in females. Moreover, we did not find any difference in UV reflectance between dominant and subordinate mature males. The …

MaleAgingUltraviolet RaysPhysiologyUrineBiologyPredationBehavioral NeuroscienceAnimalsScattering RadiationSexual MaturationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsSex CharacteristicsArvicolinaeEcologyReproductionSpace usebiology.organism_classificationReflectivityAge specificAnimal CommunicationBank voleSocial DominanceOdorantsFemaleAnimal Science and ZoologyClethrionomys glareolusJournal of Comparative Physiology A: Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology
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The cortisol burden in elderly subjects with metabolic syndrome and its association with low-grade inflammation

2019

Background: Elderly people are exposed to an increased load of stressful events and neuro-hormonal stimulation is a key finding in metabolic syndrome and its related disorders. Aims: To determine the role of cortisol in elderly subjects, with or without metabolic syndrome (MetS), by means of a national multicentre observational study, AGICO (AGIng and Cortisol). Methods: From 2012 to 2017, the AGICO study enrolled n.339 subjects (aged > 65), after obtaining their informed consent. The investigators assessed a cardio-metabolic panel (including electrocardiogram, carotid ultrasonography and echocardiography), the presence of MetS (on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria), a neurological exam…

MaleAgingmedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaHydrocortisoneUrinary systemNeurological examinationUrineGastroenterologyCortisolaging; cortisol; Inflammation; metabolic syndrome; aged; aged; 80 and over; echocardiography; female; humans; hydrocortisone; inflammation; male; metabolic syndromeExcretionAging; Cortisol; Inflammation; Metabolic syndrome; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Echocardiography; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Inflammation; Male; Metabolic Syndrome03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineInternal medicine80 and overmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineAgedAged 80 and overInflammationCreatininemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCarotid ultrasonographymedicine.diseaseMetabolic syndromechemistryEchocardiographyFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologyMetabolic syndromebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHormone
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Neurotransmitters involved in the fast inhibitory junction potentials in mouse distal colon

2003

We investigated, in murine colon circular muscle, the role of adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) as inhibitory neurotransmitters of the fast component of nerve-evoked inhibitory junction potential (fast IJP). Fast IJP was antagonised by apamin or suramin, abolished by desensitisation with the P2Y receptor agonist, adenosine 5′-O-2-thiodiphosphate (ADPβS), unaffected by desensitisation with P2X receptor agonist, α,β-methylene ATP (α,β-meATP), and reduced by PACAP-(6-38), a PACAP receptor antagonist. ATP induced membrane hyperpolarization resistant to tetrodotoxin, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or PACAP-(6-38), but antagonise…

MaleAgonistendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyP2Y receptorColonmedicine.drug_classPurinoceptorNeuromuscular JunctionSuraminTetrodotoxinBiologyApaminSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaMembrane PotentialsCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMicechemistry.chemical_compoundAdenosine TriphosphateInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsMurinePharmacologyNeurotransmitter AgentsDose-Response Relationship Drugmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyNeuropeptidesMembrane hyperpolarizationThionucleotidesHyperpolarization (biology)Receptor antagonistAdenosinePeptide FragmentsATPAdenosine DiphosphatePituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptideNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterEndocrinologyApaminchemistryPituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating PolypeptideFast inhibitory junction potentialPACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide)hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
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An approach to the evaluation of the activity of the DNA repair enzyme O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyl-transferase in tumor tissue in vivo: syntheses of …

2002

Abstract The resistance of tumor cells to the cytostatic activity of methylating and chloroethylating anticancer drugs is determined by the level of expression of the DNA repair protein O 6 -methylguanine-DNA-methyl-transferase (MGMT). The synthesis of labelled 6-benzyloxy-9H-purin-2-ylamine derivatives should hence allow a quantification of the MGMT status of tumor and non-target tissue in vivo. 6-benzyloxy-9-(2-fluoroethyl)-9H-purin-2-yl-amine and 6-benzyloxy-7-(2-fluoroethyl)-7H-purin-2-yl-amine were synthesized and evaluated in vitro, both showing an affinity of 1.8 μM. 6-benzyloxy-9-(2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl)-9H-purin-2-yl-amine and 6-benzyloxy-7-(2-[ 18 F]fluoroethyl)-7H-purin-2-yl-amine …

MaleAlkylating AgentsFluorine RadioisotopesBiodistributionDNA RepairDNA repairStereochemistryDrug ResistanceMice NudeMiceO(6)-Methylguanine-DNA MethyltransferaseIn vivoDNA Repair ProteinAnimalsHumansTissue DistributionEnzyme InhibitorsFluoroethylRadiationChemistryNeoplasms ExperimentalIn vitroPurinesAmine gas treatingHeLa CellsAlkyltransferaseApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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Comparison of the immunosuppressive efficacy of 6-mercaptopurine, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and 036.5122 (Asta) on the primary and secondary imm…

1976

Two alkylating (cyclophosphamide and 036.5122 Asta) and two antiproliferative agents (6-mercaptopurine and azathioprine) have been compared for their immuno-suppressive potency on the primary and secondary humoral immune response of mice. If equitoxic dosages of the respective drugs are compared, the alkylating agents proved to be of much higher immunosuppressive potency than the antiproliferative agents. In non toxic dosages alkylating agents were able to completely inhibit a primary or secondary immune response, whilst a similar effect with antiproliferative drugs could not be obtained even within toxic dose ranges. Induction of immunological tolerance was possible only by use of the alky…

MaleAllergyErythrocytesTime FactorsDoseCyclophosphamidemedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyAzathioprineViral Plaque AssayPharmacologyBiologyToxicologyLethal Dose 50MiceImmune systemAzathioprineImmune TolerancemedicineAnimalsPotencyPharmacology (medical)CyclophosphamidePharmacologyMercaptopurineImmunityImmunosuppressionmedicine.diseaseMercaptopurineImmunologyFemaleImmunosuppressive Agentsmedicine.drugAgents and Actions
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Safety and efficacy of Temsirolimus in combination with Bendamustine and Rituximab in relapsed mantle cell and follicular lymphoma

2015

In this phase I/II study, we explored the combination of Temsirolimus with Bendamustine and Rituximab (BeRT) in patients with r/r follicular lymphoma (FL) or mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Patients with 1-3 prior therapies received Bendamustine (90 mg/m(2), day 1+2) and Rituximab (375 mg/m(2), day 1) with Temsirolimus in doses from 25 to 75 mg added on day 1, 8, 15 of a 28-day cycle. Fifteen (11 MCL, 4 FL) patients were included in the phase I. Median age was 73 years and median pretreatment number was 2. No formal dose-limiting toxicity was observed. Dominant non-hematological side effects were fatigue in 11 (73%), nausea in 9 (60%), mucositis in 7 (47%) and vomiting in 6 patients (40%). Coug…

MaleBendamustineCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyMaximum Tolerated DoseFollicular lymphomaLymphoma Mantle-CellNeutropeniaGastroenterologyAntibodies Monoclonal Murine-Derivedhemic and lymphatic diseasesInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineMucositisBendamustine HydrochlorideHumansProspective StudiesLymphoma FollicularAgedNeoplasm StagingSirolimusLeukopeniabusiness.industryRemission InductionHematologyMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseTemsirolimusSurgerySurvival RateOncologyNitrogen Mustard CompoundsFeasibility StudiesFemaleMantle cell lymphomaRituximabNeoplasm Recurrence LocalSafetymedicine.symptomRituximabbusinessFollow-Up Studiesmedicine.drugLeukemia
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Sustained telomere erosion due to increased stem cell turnover during triple autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

2007

Telomeres cap chromosomal ends and are shortened throughout a lifetime. Additional telomere erosion has been documented during conventional chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Previous studies of stem cell transplantation reported variable amounts of telomere shortening with inconsistent results regarding the persistence of telomere shortening. Here we have prospectively studied telomere length and proliferation kinetics of hematopoietic cells in aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients who underwent a four-course high-dose chemotherapy protocol combined with triple autologous stem cell transplantation. We observed sustained telomere shortening in hematopoietic cells af…

MaleCancer ResearchTransplantation Conditioningmedicine.medical_treatmentHematopoietic stem cell transplantationAntibodies Monoclonal Murine-DerivedAutologous stem-cell transplantationAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactorLymphocytesProspective StudiesCellular SenescenceEtoposideMyelopoiesisLymphoma Non-HodgkinAntibodies MonoclonalHematologyMiddle AgedTelomereCombined Modality TherapyHaematopoiesisVincristineFemaleStem cellRituximabCell DivisionPrednisoloneTransplantation AutologousDrug Administration ScheduleGeneticsmedicineHumansMolecular BiologyCyclophosphamideChemotherapyPeripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantationbusiness.industryCell BiologyMyeloablative Agonistsmedicine.diseaseHematopoietic Stem CellsTelomereLymphomaTransplantationClinical Trials Phase III as TopicDoxorubicinImmunologyCancer researchbusinessGranulocytesExperimental hematology
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Gender- and age-related distinctions for the in vivo prooxidant state in Fanconi anaemia patients.

2004

Abstract Some selected oxidative stress parameters were measured in 56 Fanconi anaemia (FA) patients (42 untransplanted and 14 transplanted), 54 FA heterozygotes (parents) and 173 controls. Untransplanted FA patients showed a highly significant increase in leukocyte 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (p = 0.00003) and a borderline increase (p = 0.076) in urinary levels of 8-OHdG vs. child controls. These increases were more pronounced in female FA patients (p = 0.00005 for leukocyte 8-OHdG, and p = 0.021 for urinary 8-OHdG). Female FA patients also displayed a highly significant excess of spontaneous chromosomal breaks vs. male patients (p = 0.00026), in the same female:male ratio (≅ 1.4)…

MaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_treatmentTransplantsUrineAscorbic Acidmedicine.disease_causechemistry.chemical_compoundLeukocytesChromosomes HumanVitamin EChildRespiratory BurstGlutathione DisulfideAge FactorsChromosome BreakageGeneral MedicinePyruvaldehydeGlutathioneBiochemistry8-Hydroxy-2'-DeoxyguanosineChild PreschoolFemaleOxidation-ReductionAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHeterozygoteAdolescentUrinary systemBiologySex FactorsInternal medicinemedicineHumansVitamin CVitamin EDeoxyguanosineInfantGlutathioneDNAAscorbic acidUric AcidOxidative StressEndocrinologyFanconi AnemiachemistryCase-Control StudiesUric acidReactive Oxygen SpeciesOxidative stressCarcinogenesis
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