Search results for "VACCINE"
showing 10 items of 801 documents
Results after one year of rotavirus universal mass vaccination in Sicily
2015
Background Rotavirus (RV) vaccination is the best strategy to prevent hospitalizations due to rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) and is strongly recommended by international health authority [1]. The Sicilian Health Department introduced rotavirus universal mass vaccination (RUMV) into regional immunizations schedule in 2013 (mean vaccination coverage = 31%). Intussusception is the invagination of one segment of the intestine within a more distal segment and even though the etiology is still unknown, in 1998, a relationship with a tetravalent rotavirus vaccine that was promptly withdrawn was suggested [2]. Post licensure surveillance studies have not confirmed previous findings and no increas…
A combination vaccine against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella.
2008
A new combination vaccine against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals has recently been approved in Europe. It combines the components from two well-established, live, attenuated vaccines against measles, mumps and rubella. This review presents a summary of the development of this MMRV vaccine from published clinical studies. Seroconversion rates and antibody titers after the first and second dose are similar to those observed after concomitant administration of the MMR and varicella vaccines. Furthermore, the clinical profile of this combination vaccine, in terms of injection- site and general tolerability, is similar to that of the component vacci…
HAV infection in chronic liver disease: a rationale for vaccination.
2003
We report the conduct and results of a systematic search of the literature to assess whether exposure to HAV could induce a fatal deterioration of liver diseases. We assessed 30 studies and found evidence of progressive decrease of natural immunity against HAV in Italy. HAV vaccine seems as safe in chronic liver diseases than in general population. On the basis of the evidence we recommend that subjects with chronic liver disease should be vaccinated against HAV, especially if younger than 40 years.
Recent advances on HIV DNA vaccines development: Stepwise improvements to clinical trials.
2019
According to WHO (World Health Organization) reports, more than 770,000 people died from HIV and almost 1.7 million people becoming newly infected in the worldwide in 2018. Therefore, many attempts should be done to produce a forceful vaccine to control the AIDS. DNA-based vaccines have been investigated for HIV vaccination by researches during the recent 20 years. The DNA vaccines are novel approach for induction of both type of immune responses (cellular and humoral) in the host cells and have many advantages including high stability, fast and easy of fabrication and absence of severe side effects when compared with other vaccination methods. Recent studies have been focused on vaccine de…
Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 in Sicily over an Eight-Month Period
2022
In order to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the burden of disease, since 27 December 2020, Sicily has introduced a regional COVID-19 vaccination campaign. This study aimed at estimating the effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines on SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19. A retrospective cohort study was carried out on 3,966,976 Sicilian adults aged 18 years or more, who were followed-up from 1 January 2021 to 30 September 2021. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe COVID-19, and COVID-19 death or intubation during the study period was compared among vaccinated with two mRNA doses and unvaccinated individuals. Cox regression, adjusted for age and sex, and a joint-point analysis…
Pneumonia hospitalizations of children aged <2 years in Poland before (2013-2016) and after (2017-2018) universal mass vaccination with 10-valent pne…
2022
As infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of pneumonia in children, the World Health Organization recommends childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs). In January 2017, PCV universal mass vaccination (UMV) was introduced in Poland for children aged <2 years. The objective of this study was to estimate and describe the trends in the incidences of various types of pneumonia hospitalizations in Poland before (2013–2016) and after (2017–2018) introduction of the UMV program. The study was conducted at the regional hospitals of Opole and Bialystok and included all hospitalized children aged <2 years with a primary or secondary diagnosis of pneumonia in their electro…
Evaluation of the Oral Microcirculation in Patients Undergoing Anti COVID-19 Vaccination: A Preliminary Study
2022
Videocapillaroscopy allows the study of both the morphological and architectural structure of the microcirculation and its hemodynamic conditions; these parameters are directly involved in autoimmune and/or inflammatory pathologies. The purpose of this research, based on capillaroscopy, is to establish whether a patient who receives an anti-COVID 19 vaccine has any changes in their oral microcirculation. A complete capillaroscopic mapping of the oral cavity of the subjects examined was made; the investigated mucosa sites were the following: cheek, labial, chewing-gingival and back of the tongue. This study showed an increase in capillary density from the comparison between the mean labial c…
Differences in Long-COVID Symptoms between Vaccinated and Non-Vaccinated (BNT162b2 Vaccine) Hospitalized COVID-19 Survivors Infected with the Delta V…
2022
This study compared differences in the presence of post-COVID symptoms among vaccinated and non-vaccinated COVID-19 survivors requiring hospitalization due to the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant. This cohort study included hospitalized subjects who had survived SARS-CoV-2 infection (Delta variant) from July to August 2021 in an urban hospital in Madrid, Spain. Individuals were classified as vaccinated if they received full administration (i.e., two doses) of BNT162b2 (“Pfizer-BioNTech”) vaccines. Other vaccines were excluded. Those with just one dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine were considered as non-vaccinated. Patients were scheduled for a telephone interview at a follow-up around six months after …
The Antibody Response to the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Booster in Healthcare Workers: Association between the IgG Antibody Titers and Anthropometric and…
2022
Background: Research shows that in most people, two-dose vaccination helps to shape the humoral response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Further studies are required to learn about the vaccine’s effectiveness after boosting. Methods: We conducted a prospective study among 103 healthcare workers (HCWs) from a regional multi-specialty hospital vaccinated with three doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. We compared their immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers 14 days after the second dose with those 21 days after the booster. We also compared their anthropometric and body composition parameters with IgG concentrations at the same time points. Results: Twenty-one days aft…
A Vaccine Construction against COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis Contrived with Immunoinformatics-Based Scavenging of Potential Mucoralean Epitopes
2022
Mucormycosis is a group of infections, caused by multiple fungal species, which affect many human organs and is lethal in immunocompromised patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the current wave of mucormycosis is a challenge to medical professionals as its effects are multiplied because of the severity of COVID-19 infection. The variant of concern, Omicron, has been linked to fatal mucormycosis infections in the US and Asia. Consequently, current postdiagnostic treatments of mucormycosis have been rendered unsatisfactory. In this hour of need, a preinfection cure is needed that may prevent lethal infections in immunocompromised individuals. This study proposes a potential vaccine constru…