Search results for "VARIATION"

showing 10 items of 2124 documents

Historical Part—Calculus of Variations

2018

The calculus of variations is an old mathematical discipline and historically finds its origins in the introduction of the brachistochrone problem at the end of the 17th century by Johann Bernoulli to challenge his contemporaries to solve it. Here, we briefly introduce the reader to the main results.

Bernoulli's principleCalculusCalculus of variationsBrachistochrone curveMathematics
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Variation in end-of-life care and hospital palliative care among hospitals and local authorities: A preliminary contribution of big data.

2021

Background: Many studies explore the clinical and ethical dimensions of care at the end-of-life, but fewer use administrative data to examine individual and geographic differences, including the use of palliative care. Aim: Provide a population-based perspective on end-of-life and hospital palliative care among local authorities and hospitals in France. Design: Retrospective cohort study of care received by 17,928 decedents 65 and over (last 6 months of life), using the French national health insurance database Results: 55.7% of decedents died in acute-care hospitals; 79% were hospitalized in them at least once; 11.7% were admitted at least once for hospital palliative care. Among 31 academ…

Big Datamedicine.medical_specialtyPalliative care[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Big dataGeographic variationgeographic variation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineRetrospective StudiesTerminal Carebusiness.industryPalliative CareGeneral Medicineodds of admissionHospitals3. Good healthAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineVariation (linguistics)030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFamily medicinebusinessEnd-of-life careEnd-of-lifePalliative medicine
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A multi-locus inference of the evolutionary diversification of extant flamingos (Phoenicopteridae).

2014

9 pages; International audience; BACKGROUND: Modern flamingos (Phoenicopteridae) occupy a highly specialized ecology unique among birds and represent a potentially powerful model system for informing the mechanisms by which a lineage of birds adapts and radiates. However, despite a rich fossil record and well-studied feeding morphology, molecular investigations of the evolutionary progression among modern flamingos have been limited. Here, using three mitochondrial (mtDNA) markers, we present the first DNA sequence-based study of population genetic variation in the widely distributed Chilean Flamingo and, using two mtDNA and 10 nuclear (nDNA) markers, recover the species tree and divergence…

BillBiogeographyPopulationMESH : Multilocus Sequence TypingZoologyMetapopulationMirandornithesBirdsEvolution MolecularMESH : Bayes TheoremPhylogeneticsMESH : Genetic VariationMESH : Biological EvolutionMESH : PhylogeographyAnimalsMESH : Evolution MolecularMESH : BirdseducationDivergence timeEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhylogenyCell Nucleuseducation.field_of_studyMESH : Cell NucleusbiologyPhylogenetic treeFossilsGenetic VariationBayes TheoremFossilbiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionPhoenicoparrusPhoenicopteridaePhylogeographyFlamingoBiogeographyEvolutionary biologyFilter feedingMESH : FossilsMESH : Animals[ SDV.BID.SPT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomyMultilocus Sequence TypingResearch Article
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Comparative genetic diversity of the narG, nosZ, and 16S rRNA genes in fluorescent Pseudomonads

2003

ABSTRACT The diversity of the membrane-bound nitrate reductase ( narG ) and nitrous oxide reductase ( nosZ ) genes in fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from soil and rhizosphere environments was characterized together with that of the 16S rRNA gene by a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Fragments of 1,008 bp and 1,433 bp were amplified via PCR with primers specific for the narG and nosZ genes, respectively. The presence of the narG and nosZ genes in the bacterial strains was confirmed by hybridization of the genomic DNA and the PCR products with the corresponding probes. The ability of the strains to either reduce nitrate or totally dissimilate nitrogen was assessed. Overa…

BiologyNitrate reductaseDNA RibosomalNitrate ReductasePlant RootsPolymerase Chain ReactionApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyFluorescencelaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesPlant MicrobiologyNitrate ReductaseslawPseudomonasRNA Ribosomal 16SGenetic variationGeneSoil MicrobiologyPolymerase chain reactionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biology2. Zero hungerGenetics[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment0303 health sciencesNitratesEcology030306 microbiologyPseudomonasGenetic VariationGenes rRNARibosomal RNA16S ribosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologygenomic DNA[SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environmentGenes BacterialOxidoreductasesPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthFood ScienceBiotechnology
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Evaluation of 6 biometers based on different optical technologies

2021

This study shows that optical biometers based on different technologies provide repeatable measurements for different ocular parameters and, when compared, statistically significant differences between them were found when measuring most parameters.

Biometrygenetic structuresKeratometerAnterior ChamberCoefficient of variationReproducibility of ResultsArticlesRepeatabilityeye diseasesSensory Systemslaw.inventionCorneaAxial Length EyeOphthalmologylawStatisticsHumansSurgerysense organsProspective StudiesTomography Optical CoherenceMathematicsJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Sedimentation properties of chitosomal chitin synthetase from the wild-type strain and the 'slime' variant of Neurospora crassa.

1989

Marked differences in the pattern of sedimentation of cellular structures were observed after isopycnic centrifugation of crude cell-free preparations from the Neurospora crassa wall-less 'slime' variant and mycelial wild-type strain. Kinetic studies of particle sedimentation showed that the various types of subcellular components, as revealed by turbidity, UV absorption, polypeptide patterns, and chitin synthetase activity determinations, sediment independently of one another. An important feature was the finding that chitin synthetase from 'slime' peaked at a median specific gravity of 1.1201 +/- 0.0036, whereas that from wild-type strain sedimented at a higher buoyant density (specific g…

BiophysicsCentrifugation IsopycnicBiochemistryNeurospora crassaCell wallchemistry.chemical_compoundChitinCentrifugation Density GradientMolecular BiologyPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisSpecific GravityDifferential centrifugationChitin SynthaseOrganellesbiologyStrain (chemistry)Neurospora crassafungiCrassaGenetic VariationSedimentationbiology.organism_classificationcarbohydrates (lipids)Molecular WeightKineticsMicroscopy ElectronNeurosporaBiochemistrychemistryGlucosyltransferasesElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelSpectrophotometry UltravioletBiochimica et biophysica acta
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DiP223: Strongly temperature dependent electro-optic coefficients in BaTiO3

1992

Abstract By means of a Senarmont set up and a very sensitive method, electrooptic coefficients in BaTiO3 are accurately determined from the phase measurement of the retardation Γ due to the electric field induced birefringence of the crystal. Electro-optic properties are investigated as a function of temperature around room temperature. A very large value of the coefficient r42 is found, in agreement with previous investigations. In addition, this coefficient is shown to be very sensitive to the temperature even for a very small change. The importance of both the thermo-optic effect and the thermal variation of electro-optic properties is pointed out for device applications of BaTiO3.

BirefringenceMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsFunction (mathematics)Condensed Matter PhysicsThermal variationElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystalOpticsElectric fieldPhase (matter)businessFerroelectrics
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La lumachelle à Cardinia (Bivalves) et Alsatites (Ammonites) du " Revers de Côte Dure " dans l'Hettangien de la couverture sédimentaire du Massif du …

2011

29 pages; International audience; Ce travail est consacré à l'étude d'une faune de l'Hettangien moyen (Chronozone à Liassicus, Sous-Chronozone à Laqueus) qui, relativement peu diversifiée, mais très abondante et bien préservée, caractérise un niveau lumachellique spectaculaire dans la série du Jurassique inférieur, globalement peu fossilifère, de la couverture sédimentaire, du massif du Rochail (Bassin subalpin, zone dauphinoise). Cette faune, qui provient du Revers de Côte Dure (Villard-Notre-Dame, Isère, France), est essentiellement composée de bivalves (e.g., Cardinia, " Astarte ") et d'ammonites (e.g., Alsatites, Saxoceras), mais elle livre aussi, surtout au sommet du banc lumachellique…

BivalvesPaléoécologieJurassique inférieurStratigraphie[ SDU.STU.ST ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/StratigraphyVariations du niveau marinTectonique synsédimentaireAmmonites[SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy[SDU.STU.ST] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy[SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology[SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology[ SDU.STU.PG ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/PaleontologyPaléobiogéographie
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Blind deconvolution using TV regularization and Bregman iteration

2005

In this paper we formulate a new time dependent model for blind deconvolution based on a constrained variational model that uses the sum of the total variation norms of the signal and the kernel as a regularizing functional. We incorporate mass conservation and the nonnegativity of the kernel and the signal as additional constraints. We apply the idea of Bregman iterative regularization, first used for image restoration by Osher and colleagues [S.J. Osher, M. Burger, D. Goldfarb, J.J. Xu, and W. Yin, An iterated regularization method for total variation based on image restoration, UCLA CAM Report, 04-13, (2004)]. to recover finer scales. We also present an analytical study of the model disc…

Blind deconvolutionDeblurringMathematical optimizationBregman divergenceTotal variation denoisingRegularization (mathematics)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsKernel (image processing)Iterated functionApplied mathematicsComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSoftwareImage restorationMathematicsInternational Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology
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Study of Glycemic Variability Through Time Series Analyses (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis and Poincaré Plot) in Children and Adolescents with Type 1…

2016

Time series analysis provides information on blood glucose dynamics that is unattainable with conventional glycemic variability (GV) indices. To date, no studies have been published on these parameters in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. Our aim is to evaluate the relationship between time series analysis and conventional GV indices, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.This is a transversal study of 41 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Glucose monitoring was carried out continuously for 72 h to study the following GV indices: standard deviation (SD) of glucose levels (mg/dL), coefficient of variation (%), interquartile range (IQR; mg/dL), mean amplitude of the la…

Blood GlucoseMaleAdolescentEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismCoefficient of variationMonitoring Ambulatory030209 endocrinology & metabolismStandard deviationYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyInterquartile rangeStatisticsmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineTime seriesChildGlycemicGlycated HemoglobinType 1 diabetesbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseHypoglycemiaMedical Laboratory TechnologyCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus Type 1Detrended fluctuation analysisPoincaré plotFemalebusinessDiabetes Technology & Therapeutics
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