Search results for "VESTIBULAR"

Effects of electrical stimulation in vestibular cortex areas in humans.

2010

The case of a patient with focal epilepsy is reported who underwent presurgical evaluation by stereotactic intracranial electroencephalographic (EEG) recording. A subdural semi-grid electrode, consisting of three multi-channel strip electrodes, was implanted over the temporal lobe and temporo-occipital region; one multi-channel depth electrode was applied towards the posterior insular cortex. During electrical stimulation and EEG monitoring eye movements were recorded by 3-D video-oculography. Stimulation of the medial temporal gyrus induced blurring of vision and horizontal nystagmus. Stimulation of the superior temporal gyrus with low intensities also induced blurring of vision and a simi…

Mathematical Model Predicts Clinical Ocular Motor Syndromes

2003

: Clinical ocular motor syndromes were compared with ocular motor syndromes simulated by a mathematical model of the vestibuloocular reflex. The mathematical sensorimotor feedforward model of otolith control of three-dimensional binocular eye position is based on relevant anatomical connections of the vestibuloocular reflex from the utricles to extraocular eye muscles. This is the first attempt to simulate static ocular motor syndromes for unilateral utricular or vestibular nerve failure, lesions of the vestibular nucleus, and lesions of the ascending vestibuloocular reflex pathways. Comparison of the predicted syndromes with those found in patients with unilateral disorders of the vestibul…

Decision making for solitary vestibular schwannoma and contralateral Meniere's disease.

2007

The existence of dual inner ear pathology such as unilateral Meniere’s disease (MD) with a contralateral vestibular schwannoma (VS) is very rare, but provides the otologist with a significant management dilemma. In this study, we present 5 cases of unilateral disabling MD with a contralateral VS in the better hearing ear. Conservative management of the VS is mandated unless there are impending complications, with management directed toward controlling the vertigo attributed to MD. If and when the VS requires intervention, or the hearing in that ear deteriorates to unserviceable levels, cochlear implant of the ear affected by MD prior to addressing the VS provides optimal management.

Insular strokes cause no vestibular deficits.

2013

Background and Purpose— In previous imaging studies, the posterior insular cortex (IC) was identified as an essential part for vestibular otolith perception and considered as a core region of a human vestibular cortical network. However, it is still unknown whether lesions exclusively restricted to the posterior IC suffice to provoke signs of vestibular otolith dysfunction. Thus, present data aimed to test whether patients with lesions restricted to the IC showed vestibular otolith dysfunction. Methods— We studied 10 acute unilateral stroke patients with lesions restricted to the IC which were tested for signs of vestibular otolith dysfunction, such as tilts of subjective visual vertical, …

The hypothetical role of congenital hypotonia in the development of early coronoid hyperplasia

2012

Abstract Background Coronoid hyperplasia (CH) is an abnormal bony elongation of a histologically normal coronoid process. Its definitive cause remains unknown. Objectives To analyze the possible implication of congenital hypotonia in the pathogenesis of early coronoid overgrowth. Patients and methods Two infants with congenital hypotonia were evaluated for limited mouth aperture. Bilateral CH was diagnosed. Transoral coronoidectomy was followed by an early dynamic physiotherapy program. Results Significant improvement of maximum interincisal opening was achieved. The review of the scientific literature proved the diagnosis of CH in the infant age group is extremely unusual and the etiology …

Decreased postural control in people with moderate hearing loss

2018

Balance is a complex process that involves multiple sensory integrations. The auditory, visual, and vestibular systems are the main contributors. Hearing loss or hearing impairment may induce inappropriate postural strategies that could affect balance and therefore increase the risk of falling. The aim of this study was to understand whether hearing loss could influence balance, cervical posture, and muscle activation in the cervical region. Thirteen patients (61 ± 13 years; 161.8 ± 11.0 cm; 70.5 ± 15.9 kg) with moderate hearing loss (Right ear −60 ± 21 dB; Left ear −61 ± 24 dB) underwent: an audiometric examination, a postural examination (with open and closed eyes) through a stabilometric…

Tridimensional assessment of the dental follicle dimensions of impacted mandibular third molars using cone-beam CT

2017

Background The present study was performed to compare follicle dimensions of impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM) with different impaction angulations using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods Forty-nine individuals with IMTM (24 male, 25 female) were selected. Their age range was 25-55 years. The sample was divided into three IMTM groups either vertical (n=16), mesioangular (n=18) or horizontal (n=15) position based on Winter's classification (the angle between the longitudinal axis of the second and third molars). Follicular spaces (FS) from available CBCT imaging were measured from the midpoint of the teeth's crown in several dimensions (mesial, distal, occlusal,…

Functional correlate and delineated connectivity pattern of human motion aftereffect responses substantiate a subjacent visual-vestibular interaction.

2018

The visual motion aftereffect (MAE) is the most prominent aftereffect in the visual system. Regarding its function, psychophysical studies suggest its function to be a form of sensory error correction, possibly also triggered by incongruent visual-vestibular stimulation. Several observational imaging experiments have deducted an essential role for region MT+ in the perception of a visual MAE but not provided conclusive evidence. Potential confounders with the MAE such as ocular motor performance, attention, and vection sensations have also never been controlled for. Aim of this neuroimaging study was to delineate the neural correlates of MAE and its subjacent functional connectivity pattern…

Vestibular Disorders. A Case Study Approach 2nd Edition. J.M. Furman, S.P. Cass (Eds.). Oxford University Press, 2003. ISBN 0-19-514579-8

2004

Anxiety disorders and other psychiatric subgroups in patients complaining of dizziness.

2003

Two hundred and two consecutive patients with dizziness were evaluated using blind neuro-otological testing and examination, blind psychiatric examination, including structured interviews (according to DSM-IV), the Symptom Check-List (SCL 90 R), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). In 28% of the patients (N=50) dizziness was of organic origin (O group); in 55.3% (N=99) of psychogenic origin (P group) and in 16.8% comorbid psychiatric disorders were found (Mixed group). In 5.3% (N=10) neither organic nor psychiatric results could be found, which could explain the dizziness (Ideopathic group). Compared with the Organic group the patients with psychiatric disorders (P and Mixed group)…