Search results for "VISCOSITY"

showing 10 items of 542 documents

Solubilization of an Organic Solute in Aqueous Solutions of Unimeric Block Copolymers and Their Mixtures with Monomeric Surfactant: Volume, Surface T…

2008

The ability of aqueous systems, formed by unimeric copolymers and their mixtures with a monomeric surfactant, in solubilizing large quantities of 1-nitropropane (PrNO2) was explored. The copolymers are F68 and L64, which differ for the hydrophilicity, and the surfactant is sodium dodecanoate. For a better understanding of the mechanism of solubilization, thermodynamic (volume and differential scanning calorimetry), spectroscopy (steady-state fluorescence), viscosity, and interfacial investigations were carried out. PrNO2 causes the micellization of the unimeric copolymer, and the required amount of PrNO2 depends on the composition, the copolymer nature, and the temperature. Large quantities…

Aqueous solutionISOTHERMAL TITRATION CALORIMETRYChemistryMICELLAR SYSTEMSDYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERINGIONIC SURFACTANTSTRIBLOCK COPOLYMERSMicelleFluorescence spectroscopySurfaces Coatings and FilmsSurface tensionViscosityDifferential scanning calorimetryAGGREGATION BEHAVIORPulmonary surfactantChemical engineeringMIXED MICELLESPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySODIUM DODECYL-SULFATEOXIDE)(13)-(PROPYLENE OXIDE)(30)-(ETHYLENE OXIDE)(13)GEMINI SURFACTANTS
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Micellization and Micellar Structure of a Poly(ethylene oxide)/Poly(propylene oxide)/Poly(ethylene oxide) Triblock Copolymer in Water Solution, As St…

1997

The micellization of the triblock copolymer Pluronic P85 (poly(oxyethylene)27/poly(oxypropylene)39/poly(oxyethylene)27) in aqueous solution was followed vs temperature and addition of aliphatic alcohols, using the spin probe technique. Different types of probes properly chosen (spin-labeled (SL) poly(oxyethylene(4))nonylphenol, SL-Pluronic L62, TEMPO-laurate, TEMPO-hexanoate, CAT 4, CAT 8, CAT 11, CAT 16, and 5-, 7-, 10-, and 12-doxylstearic acids) provided information about the micellar structure (polarity, viscosity, and order degree) at different radial locations. Micellization was found to be low at room temperature, even for 10% aqueous solutions, but strongly increasing with temperatu…

Aqueous solutionMaterials scienceOxideSurfaces and InterfacesPoloxamerCondensed Matter PhysicsResonance (chemistry)NonylphenolSpin probeViscositychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistryElectrochemistryCopolymerGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopyLangmuir
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Modeling polyethylene with the bond fluctuation model

1997

This work presents an application of recently developed ideas about how to map real polymer systems onto abstract models. In our case the abstract model is the bond fluctuation model with a Monte Carlo dynamics. We study the temperature dependence of chain dimensions and of the self-diffusion behavior in the melt from high temperatures down to 200 K. The chain conformations are equilibrated over the whole temperature range, which is possible for the abstract type of model we use. The size of the chains as measured by the characteristic ratio is within 25% of experimental data. The simulated values of the chain self-diffusion coefficient have to be matched to experimental information at one …

Arrhenius equationSelf-diffusionWork (thermodynamics)ChemistryMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangesymbols.namesakeViscositysymbolsStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryScaling
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Contribution to modeling the viscosity Arrhenius-type equation for some solvents by statistical correlations analysis

2014

Abstract Estimation and knowledge of transport properties of fluids are essential for heat and mass flow. Viscosity is one of the important properties which are affected by temperature and pressure. In the present work, based on the use of econometric and statistical techniques for parametric and non-parametric regression analysis and statistical correlation tests, we propose an equation modeling the relationship between the two parameters of viscosity Arrhenius-type equation, such as the Arrhenius energy ( E a ) or the pre-exponential factor ( A s ). In addition, we introduce a third interesting parameter called Arrhenius temperature ( T A ), to enrich the discussion. Empirical validation …

Arrhenius equationWork (thermodynamics)ChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringMass flowGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsRegression analysisData setViscositysymbols.namesakesymbolsStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEnergy (signal processing)Parametric statisticsFluid Phase Equilibria
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ASYMPTOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE LINEARIZED NAVIER–STOKES EQUATION ON AN EXTERIOR CIRCULAR DOMAIN: EXPLICIT SOLUTION AND THE ZERO VISCOSITY LIMIT

2001

In this paper we study and derive explicit formulas for the linearized Navier-Stokes equations on an exterior circular domain in space dimension two. Through an explicit construction, the solution is decomposed into an inviscid solution, a boundary layer solution and a corrector. Bounds on these solutions are given, in the appropriate Sobolev spaces, in terms of the norms of the initial and boundary data. The correction term is shown to be of the same order of magnitude as the square root of the viscosity. Copyright © 2001 by Marcel Dekker, Inc.

Asymptotic analysisApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisAsymptotic analysis; Boundary layer; Explicit solutions; Navier-Stokes equations; Stokes equations; Zero viscosity; Mathematics (all); Analysis; Applied MathematicsMathematics::Analysis of PDEsAnalysiStokes equationDomain (mathematical analysis)Navier-Stokes equationPhysics::Fluid DynamicsSobolev spaceAsymptotic analysiBoundary layersymbols.namesakeBoundary layerSquare rootExplicit solutionInviscid flowStokes' lawsymbolsMathematics (all)Zero viscosityNavier–Stokes equationsAnalysisMathematicsCommunications in Partial Differential Equations
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Experimental modeling of viscous inclusions in a circular high-strain shear rig: Implications for the interpretation of shape fabrics and deformed en…

2002

[1] Deformation experiments with initially spherical and prolate viscous inclusions suspended in a viscous Newtonian matrix in a circular high strain annular shear rig provide insights on the shape development of inclusions in high strain shear zones during progressive deformation. Inclusions with a specific viscosity ratio with respect to the matrix material show distinct types of three-dimensional shape development. For instance, at a high viscosity ratio between matrix and inclusion a pulsating ellipsoid develops, which both continuously rotates and changes its shape from a sphere to an ellipsoid and back to a sphere. The experiments show that the shape of an inclusion that has a viscosi…

Atmospheric ScienceEcologyPaleontologySoil ScienceMineralogyForestryMechanicsAquatic ScienceOceanographyEllipsoidPower lawPhysics::Fluid DynamicsViscosityGeophysicsShear (geology)RheologySpace and Planetary ScienceGeochemistry and PetrologyFinite strain theoryEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)Newtonian fluidShear zoneGeologyEarth-Surface ProcessesWater Science and TechnologyJournal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
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Density, Viscosity, and Sound Speed of Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide-Based Ionic Liquids + 1-Propanol Mixtures

2015

The density, viscosity, and speed of sound of three mixtures formed by 1-propanol and an ionic liquid were measured in a temperature range of 278.15–338.15 K. All measurements were made at atmospheric pressure and covered the entire range of miscible compositions. The three ionic liquids have the same anion but differ in the cation: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [emim][NTf2], 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [bmim][NTf2], and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [hmim][NTf2]. The experimental data allowed calculate the molar volume and isentropic compressibility of the mixture and their respective exces…

Atmospheric pressureChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryAtmospheric temperature range010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesViscositychemistry.chemical_compound1-PropanolMolar volume020401 chemical engineeringSpeed of soundIonic liquid0204 chemical engineeringImideJournal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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Viscosity and density of binary mixtures of alcohols and polyols with three carbon atoms and water: equation for the correlation of viscosities of bi…

2009

Measurements have been made of the viscosity and density of binary mixtures of alcohols and polyols with three carbon atoms and water at 298.15 K and at atmospheric pressure, as a function of the mole fraction. Fits have been made of the experimental values corresponding to the excesses of molar volume (V E), the deviations of viscosity (Δη), and the excesses of Gibbs free energy of activation (G* E), by means of the Redlich–Kister equation. A new correlation equation is presented for studying the viscosity of such mixtures, and comparisons are made of the experimental values of viscosity versus the values obtained by means of the mentioned equation and the models of Heric and McAllister. L…

Atmospheric pressureRelative viscositychemistry.chemical_elementBinary numberThermodynamicsCondensed Matter PhysicsMole fractionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsGibbs free energysymbols.namesakeViscosityMolar volumechemistryMaterials ChemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCarbonPhysics and Chemistry of Liquids
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Processing and characterization of highly oriented fibres of biodegradable nanocomposites

2015

Abstract Biodegradable polymeric materials are becoming day by day ever more important in packaging, agriculture, single-use cutleries and other large consumer applications. The major part of those materials is used under the form of film, i.e. subjected to elongational flow, but the main problem is that they often offer poor mechanical properties. Adding nanofillers, like Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) may solve this problem but only if there is a full control of their orientation inside the material. Aim of this work is to investigate the processing-properties-morphology relationships for a system prepared under elongation flow of MaterBi and commercial MWCNTs. The materials were …

B. Rheological propertieMaterials scienceNanocompositeB. Mechanical propertieMechanical EngineeringShear viscosityCarbon nanotubeLow mobilityIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionCharacterization (materials science)Shear (sheet metal)A. Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs)Draw ratioSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiE. Melt-spinningMechanics of MaterialslawCeramics and CompositesElongationComposite materialComposites Part B: Engineering
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Optimización de las propiedades de emulsión de betún para la estabilización de balasto

2017

Ballasted track, while providing economical and practical advantages, is associated with high costs and material consumption due to frequent maintenance. More sustainable alternatives to conventional ballasted trackbeds should therefore aim at extending its durability, particularly considering ongoing increases in traffic speed and loads. In this regard, the authors have investigated a solution consisting of bitumen stabilised ballast (BSB), designed to be used for new trackbeds as well as in reinforcing existing ones. This study presents the idea behind the technology and then focuses on a specific part of its development: the optimisation of bitumen emulsion properties and dosage in relat…

BallastEngineeringCharacterizationPermeabilidad0211 other engineering and technologiesflowability02 engineering and technologyTrack (rail transport)CaracterizaciónPermeabilityDurabilityDeformación021105 building & constructionlcsh:TA401-492medicineÁridos; Caracterización; Permeabilidad; Deformación; DurabilidadGeneral Materials SciencecharacterizationProcess engineeringMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials021101 geological & geomatics engineeringAggregateAggregate (composite)trackbed durabilityEconomies of agglomerationbusiness.industryrailway trackbeddeformationStiffnessBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringAggregate; Characterization; Permeability; Deformation; DurabilityDurabilityDeformationBitumen stabilised ballastaggregate13. Climate actionMechanics of MaterialsAsphaltViscosity (programming)TA401-492durabilitylcsh:Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsmedicine.symptompermeabilitybitumen emulsionbusinessDurabilidadÁridos
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