Search results for "VITRO"
showing 10 items of 2786 documents
The enantiomers of phenprocoumon: pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies.
1976
The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the optical enantiomers of phenprocoumon were studied in 5 normal subjects and compared to the racemic mixture. Each subject received a single oral dose of 0.6 mg/kg of racemic, S(-), and R(+) phenprocoumon. S(-) phenprocoumon was 1.6 to 2.6 times as a potent as R(+) phenprocoumon when the area under the effect/time curve was used to quantify the total anticoagulant effect per dose. Comparing the plasma concentrations that elicited the same anticoagulant effect, S(-) phenprocoumon was 1.5 to 2.5 times as potent as R(+) phenprocoumon. The anticoagulant activity of the racemic mixture was between that of the enantiomers. There was no distinct diffe…
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte membrane fluidity before and after activation in subjects with insulin resistance.
2000
The aim of this research was the evaluation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) membrane fluidity in subjects with insulin resistance. Insulin sensitivity, in fact, may be influenced by plasma membrane fluidity. We enrolled 19 subjects with insulin resistance previously demonstrated during an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. PMN membrane fluidity was studied by labeling intact cells with the fluorescent probe 1-[4-(trimethylamino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene and calculating the fluorescence polarization degree. The measurement was made before and after incubation of PMNs with two activating agents: 4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (…
Inability of HDL from abdominally obese subjects to counteract the inhibitory effect of oxidized LDL on vasorelaxation.
2007
Abdominal obesity is associated with a decreased plasma concentration of HDL cholesterol and with qualitative modifications of HDL, such as triglyceride enrichment. Our aim was to determine, in isolated aorta rings, whether HDL from obese subjects can counteract the inhibitory effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OxLDL) on endothelium-dependent vasodilation as efficiently as HDL from normolipidemic, lean subjects. Plasma triglycerides were 74% higher (P < 0.005) in obese subjects compared with controls, and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and HDL cholesterol concentrations were 12% and 17% lower (P < 0.05), respectively. HDL from control subjects significantly reduced the inhibitory effe…
Endothelium-dependent component in the contractile responses of human omental arteries to adrenergic stimulation
1993
Abstract The present study was designed to investigate the influence of endothelium-derived nitric oxide on the contractile responses of isolated human omental arteries to electrical field stimulation and noradrenaline. We measured isometric tension in artery rings obtained from portions of human omentum during the course of abdominal operations (32 patients). Electrical field stimulation induced frequency-dependent contractions which were abolished by tetrodotoxin (10−6 M) and prazosin (10−6 M), thus indicating that this effect was due to noradrenaline released from adrenergic nerves acting on α1-adrenoceptors. The increases in tension induced by electrical field stimulation were of greate…
Binding of monocytes from normolipidemic hyperglycemic patients with type 1 diabetes to endothelial cells is increased in vitro.
2009
Increased endothelial binding and emigration of monocytes play a dominant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus. Previous studies revealed that hyperlipidemia correlates with monocyte binding in vitro. The aim of this study was to characterize the monocyte-endothelial interaction of leucocytes of hyperglycemic patients with type 1 diabetes but lacking hyperlipidemia. We isolated monocytes from healthy controls and normolipidemic type 1 diabetes patients with elevated levels of HbA1c and quantified monocyte binding by an immunoilluminometric cell adhesion assay. Purity of isolated monocytes was at least 98%. Endothelial binding of monocytes from patients with type …
Sulfatide excreting heterozygous carrier of juvenile metachromatic leukodystrophy or asymptomatic patient of adult metachromatic leukodystrophy.
1975
In a family with juvenile metachromatic leukodystrophy (sulfatide lipidosis) 2 patients showed residual arysulfatase A activities of 5--6%. The patients' healthy father was characterized biochemically by a 39% normal activity of leukocyte plus plasma arylsulfatase A. The father was further characterized by a high sulfatide excretion (0.2--0.5 mg/I urine) and, paradoxically, by a normal sulfatide degrading enzyme activity in vitro. This special carrier is suspected to be heterozygous for a) arylsulfatase A deficiency and b) arylsulfatase A (sulfatidase) lability. This presumed additional genetic defect could be the cause of the sulfatide excretion which, in turn, would be a sign of the precl…
Role of endothelium and calcium channels in endothelin-induced contraction of human cerebral arteries
1990
Endothelin constricted human isolated cerebral arteries in a concentration-dependent manner. The maximal tension developed, as well as EC50 values were similar in arteries with and without endothelium. Removal of extracellular calcium or addition of the calcium antagonist nicardipine (10(-6)M), attenuated but did not abolish responses to endothelin. These experiments show that the endothelin-induced contraction in human cerebral arteries is not linked to the presence of intact endothelial cells. The data also show that the contractile effects of endothelin cannot be explained solely by an action on voltage-dependent calcium channels.
Exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 reduces contractions in human colon circular muscle.
2014
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) is a naturally occurring peptide secreted by intestinal L-cells. Though its primary function is to serve as an incretin, GLP1 reduces gastrointestinal motility. However, only a handful of animal studies have specifically evaluated the influence of GLP1 on colonic motility. Consequently, the aims of this study were to investigate the effects induced by exogenous GLP1, to analyze the mechanism of action, and to verify the presence of GLP1 receptors (GLP1Rs) in human colon circular muscular strips. Organ bath technique, RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were used. In human colon, exogenous GLP1 reduced, in a concentration-dependent manner, the ampl…
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection: a treatment for extreme oligospermia.
1996
AbstractPurpose: We evaluated the efficacy of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in patients with extreme oligospermia.Materials and Methods: A total of 67 intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles was attempted in 58 infertile couples in which the husbands had extreme oligospermia (less than 100,000 spermatozoa per ml. ejaculate).Results: Fertilization was achieved in 65 of 67 cycles. Mean fertilization rate per cycle was 66.4 percent. A total of 18 clinical pregnancies was obtained, for a pregnancy rate of 26.8 percent per started cycle. There were 4 miscarriages and 8 live births from 5 deliveries. Nine pregnancies are ongoing.Conclusions: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in patients with ex…
Monozygotic twinning after assisted reproductive technologies: a case report of asymmetric development and incidence during 19 years in an internatio…
2015
Objective To describe a case of monozygotic twinning with asymmetric development following a single fresh embryo transfer as part of an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment. Secondarily, to report the incidence of monozygotic twinning at the IVI (Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad) clinics. Design Case report. Setting Private fertility centers. Patient(s) A 33-year-old woman with a 2-year history of primary infertility. Intervention(s) Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and ICSI treatment with single-embryo transfer. Main Outcome Measure(s) Incidence of monozygotic twinning at the IVI clinics. Result(s) We report a twin pregnancy after a single-embryo transfer. Twins were di…