Search results for "VOICE"

Increasing the VoIP Capacity through MAP Overhead Reduction in the IEEE 802.16 OFDMa Systems

2010

One of the main issues with supporting VoIP service over 802.16 networks is the signalling overhead caused by the downlink MAP messages due to frequent transmissions and small packets. To decrease the MAP overhead, the 802.16 standard proposes some mechanisms, such as the compressed MAP and sub-MAPs. In this paper, we show by means of extensive dynamic simulations that sub-MAPs can reduce dramatically the signalling overhead associated with VoIP traffic and significantly improve overall VoIP capacity. At the same time, since sub-MAPs are more sensitive to packet drops, they tend to increase the number of HARQ retransmissions in downlink and transmission delays in the uplink direction.

Adaptive Contention Resolution for VoIP Services in the IEEE 802.16 Networks

2007

In the IEEE 802.16 networks, a subscriber station can use the contention slots to send bandwidth requests to the base station. The contention resolution mechanism is controlled by the backoff start/end values and a number of the request transmission opportunities. These parameters are set by the base station and are announced to subscriber stations in the management messages. In the case of the VoIP services, it is critical that the contention resolution occurs within the specified time interval to meet the VoIP QoS requirements. Thus, it is the responsibility of the base station to set correct contention resolution parameters to ensure the QoS requirements. This paper presents analytical c…

Narrating the Intersex Body in Jeffrey Eugenides' "Middlesex"

2012

Uztura paradumu ietekme uz balss kvalitāti skolotājiem ar laringofaringeālo refluksu

2015

Uztura paradumu ietekme uz balss kvalitāti skolotājiem ar laringofaringeālo refluksu. Strazdiņa T., zinātniskais vadītājs Mg.sc.sal. Strautmane D., zinātniskais konsultants asoc.prof. Jākobsone I. Pētījums veikts ar mērķi noskaidrot vai pastāv saistība starp skolotāju balss kvalitāti un uztura paradumiem laringofaringeālā refluksa gadījumā. Lai sasniegtu mērķi, pielietoti vairāki instrumenti – Refluksa Simptomu Mērītājs, lai izvērtētu vai skolotājam ir palielināts laringofaringeālā refluksa risks, anketa Uztura paradumi ar mērķi noskaidrot skolotāju uztura paradumus; balss kvalitātes ierobežojuma rādītāja tests, lai izvērtētu skolotāju balss kvalitāti. LFR ir būtiska problēma skolotāju vidū…

Long-term esophageal motility changes after thyroidectomy: associations with aerodigestive disorders.

2017

BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing thyroidectomy often complain aerodigestive disorders. In a previous study we showed the associations between voice impairment and proximal acid reflux, swallowing impairment and Upper Esophageal Sphyncter (UES) incoordination and the decrease in UES pressure in thirty-six patients observed before and soon afterwards uncomplicated thyroidectomy. This study investigated the state of post-thyroidectomy esophageal motility changes and its associations with these disorders after 18-24 months. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The thirty-six patients prospectively recruited according to selection criteria (thyroid volume ≤60 ml, benign disease, age 18-65 years, previous neck s…

Surgical voice restoration after total laryngectomy: long-term results.

2002

Tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) with a voice prosthesis has been the preferred treatment for speech rehabilitation of total laryngectomies at the Dr. Peset Hospital since 1984. This study reviews 350 consecutive patients over a 15-year period. There were 334 patients with primary and 16 with secondary TEP. Long-term tracheoesophageal speech was achieved in approximately 70% ¶of our patients. Problems related to or affecting TEP for voice restoration were studied. The different types of problems identified occurred in proportions ranging from 0.6% to 18%. Most of them were easily managed, but problems such as salivary leakage and dislodging of the prosthesis led to tracheoesophageal tract c…

Treatment of bilateral vocal cord paralysis following permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.

2012

Bilateral vocal cord paralysis is a serious illness requiring emergency intervention to resolve the potentially life-threatening respiratory distress. Several surgical procedures were proposed to help improve the airway and to eliminate the tracheostoma in those patients with permanent paralysis. All the procedures have their own advantages and disadvantages. We conducted a retrospective study of 30 patients affected by bilateral vocal cord paralysis following total thyroidectomy. All the patients underwent total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid pathology. In 26 patients (86.6%), cord paralysis occurred during the perioperative stage; and in the remaining 4 cases (13.3%), it occurred within…

Efectos graduales de la sonorización en las lenguas romances 55-82

2016

The aim of this paper is to present the synchronic effects of voicing assimilation in Romance languages and analyze the principles - the regularities - that underlie the observed variation. As the exegesis of the phenomenon will be determined by the application domain within a word or between words and their gear with changes affecting obstructing in coda position and in attack, we aim, firstly, to show the common features of the assimilation phenomena

English translation of the Quran by women: the challenges of “gender balance” in and through language

2011

This paper aims to explore and discuss how women translators of the Quran have dealt with the patriarchal linguistic elements in the source text by focusing on two main challenges of translation. First the problem of gender agreement differences between the target and the source language. Because Arabic is highly gendered and English is not, many feminine nouns, pronouns and verbs become invisible in English and as result the “gender balance” created in original could be lost in the translation. The second challenge they face lies in the use of masculine nouns and pronouns in the generic sense, which as many feminists argued assumes generic human to be male and excludes the “human woman.” T…

Letters to the editor: Still vigorous after all these years?

2006

Abstract This paper investigates Letters to the Editor, a section in biomedical journals used by scientists since the early 19th century to question already validated research. The aim of this study is to highlight some of the discursive strategies and to bring to the fore the linguistic characteristics of this particular genre, to analyze its goal, role and use within a community of French researchers. It is based on a corpus of 200 letters selected from two scientific journals in the fields of biology and medicine: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition and The Lancet published between 1999 and 2002. The strategy of questioning is analyzed as an explicit and implicit mode of criticism…