Search results for "VOLUME"
showing 10 items of 1932 documents
Airway obstruction in relation to symptoms in chronic respiratory disease—a nationally representative population study
2000
Abstract We examined the severity of airway obstruction and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in a large, nationally representative population sample and in a subgroup of subjects with chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema to obtain information for developing national prevention and treatment strategies for these diseases. The study population comprised of 7217 randomly selected subjects (aged 30 years and older) who participated in a comprehensive health examination survey. The ‘cases' were subjects diagnosed as having chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. The survey methods comprised of questionnaires, interviews, physical measurements, including spirometry, and clinical examinations. I…
Subclinical impairment of lung function is related to mild cardiac dysfunction and manifest heart failure in the general population.
2016
Lung function impairment has previously been related to heart failure, although no overt cardiovascular or structural heart disease is present. The extent to which pulmonary function is related to subclinical left ventricular impairment in the general population remains to be investigated.15010 individuals from the general population (mean age 55±11years, 50.5% men) in the Gutenberg Health Study underwent spirometry, transthoracic echocardiography and biomarker measurement. Forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in percent of the predicted value and FEV1/FVC ratio were associated with echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure, systolic and diastolic func…
FEV1 and FVC predict all-cause mortality independent of cardiac function - Results from the population-based Gutenberg Health Study.
2017
Abstract Background Lung function has previously been related to increased mortality. Whether pulmonary impairment is associated with an increased mortality independent of cardiac dysfunction remains unclear. Methods In 15010 individuals from the general population (age range 35–74years, 51% men) in the Gutenberg Health Study we performed spirometry and transthoracic echocardiography. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) and high-sensitive troponin I (hsTnI) were measured in all individuals. 1819 individuals with pulmonary diseases were excluded from further analysis. Results The median for forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) was 94.2% and for forced vital capacity (FVC) …
The airway response to deep inspirations decreases with COPD severity and is associated with airway distensibility assessed by computed tomography.
2008
In patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the effect of deep inspirations (DIs) to reverse methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction is largely attenuated. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the effectiveness of DI is reduced with increasing disease severity and that this is associated with a reduction in the ability of DI to distend the airways. Fifteen subjects [Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage I–II: n = 7; GOLD stage III–IV: n = 8] underwent methacholine bronchoprovocation in the absence of DI, followed by DI. The effectiveness of DI was assessed by their ability to improve inspiratory vital capacity and forced expira…
Genome-wide association analysis identifies six new loci associated with forced vital capacity
2014
Forced vital capacity (FVC), a spirometric measure of pulmonary function, reflects lung volume and is used to diagnose and monitor lung diseases. We performed genome-wide association study meta-analysis of FVC in 52,253 individuals from 26 studies and followed up the top associations in 32,917 additional individuals of European ancestry. We found six new regions associated at genome-wide significance (P <5 x 10(-8)) with FVC in or near EFEMP1, BMP6, MIR129-2-HSD17B12, PRDM11, WWOX and KCNJ2. Two loci previously associated with spirometric measures (GSTCD and PTCH1) were related to FVC. Newly implicated regions were followed up in samples from African-American, Korean, Chinese and Hispani…
A model-based approach for assessing bronchodilator responsiveness in children: The conventional cutoff revisited
2020
An increase in FEV1 >=12% has been proposed in international guidelines as a clue to airway reversibility for diagnosing asthma in both adults and children. However, the validity of this cut-off has been questioned in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to provide evidence that different cut-off values in BDR may be associated with better performance in discriminating among outpatient children with naïve asthma (A) and without asthma (NA). We compared three approaches: i) the conventional cutoff (12%); ii) the cut-off estimated by Youden's criteria; and iii) the cut-off based on a model-driven approach. we found that the conventional cut-off of 12% showed poor sensitivity in…
Determinants of Allergic Sensitization, Asthma and Lung Function: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Italian Schoolchildren
2020
Prenatal smoking exposure and early-life respiratory infections are major determinants of asthma during childhood. We investigate the factors influencing allergic sensitization (AS), asthma, and lung function in children and the balance between individual and environmental characteristics at different life stages. 1714 children aged 7&ndash
Determinants of dynamic inspiratory muscle strength in healthy trained elderly.
2021
Background: The S-Index assessed by means of electronic devices is a measure of Inspiratory Muscle Strength (IMS) that highly correlates with the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The variables involved when using regression models for the prediction of IMS/MIP depend on both the sample characteristics and the device or protocol used. In light of the scarce information on the influence of physical activity (PA) on IMS in healthy older adults (OA), together with the incorporation of new assessment devices, the objectives of this research are: 1) to determine which factors influence the IMS in a group of trained OA, using a portable electronic device; and 2) to propose a regression model to…
3 He-MRI-based vs. conventional determination of lung volumes in patients after unilateral lung transplantation: a new approach to regional spirometry
2002
Background: To use 3Helium (3He)-MRI in patients with unilateral lung grafts to assess the contributions of graft and native lung to total ventilated lung volume, and second to compare conventional measurements of intrapulmonary gas volume (spirometry, body plethysmography) with image-based volumetry of ventilated lung parenchyma visualized by hyperpolarized 3He-MRI. Methods: With Ethics Committee approval, five patients with single lung transplantation (SLTX) for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) underwent both conventional pulmonary function testing (PFT) and 3He-MRI of the lung. Intrapulmonary gas volume (GV) during the inspiratory breathhold for 3He-MRI was calculated from measured fu…
666 Pulmonary Abnormalities in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
2012
Background and Aims Few studies are available on pulmonary function abnormalities in children with diabetes with controversial results. Spirometric abnormalities and reduction of lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) have been reported. A cross sectional study was designed to assess whether children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have pulmonary dysfunction. Methods Spirometry measurements were performed and DLCO was measured. The final data analysis was conducted on 57 diabetics (mean age 14.4 + 3.09 years, 31 males) and 40 healthy controls (mean age 13.6 + 2.2 years, 19 males). Results Although FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC of diabetics were lower than in control, significant stat…