Search results for "VR"
showing 10 items of 758 documents
First archaeobotanical mentions of hemp leaved nettle ( Urtica cannabina ), in association with hemp ( Cannabis sativa ), on two sites in Champagne
2021
La culture du chanvre (Cannabis sativa) semble maintenant bien renseignée à partir du Xe siècle de notre ère en France septentrionale (Boulen et Zech-Matterne 2012), et l’utilisation des orties pour leurs fibres, généralement l’ortie dioïque (Urtica dioica), est également avérée. Toutefois, l’ortie à feuille de chanvre (Urtica cannabina) n’avait encore jamais été mentionnée parmi les études bioarchéologiques (pollen et macrorestes). Cette espèce a cependant été découverte pour la première fois à l’occasion d’une étude palynologique dans un contexte daté du XIVe siècle du site de Bezannes « le Village » (51), fouillé en 2013 (Gucker et al., en cours). Une fouille très récente à Troyes « Plan…
Distribution, biodisponibilité, dynamique et impact du cuivre sur les communautés microbiennes dans les sols de vigne. Effet du statut organique des …
2009
National audience
La biodiversité des sols est-elle impactée par l’apport de cuivre ou son accumulation dans les sols vignes ? Synthèse des connaissances scientifiques
2021
Pendant 150 ans, le sulfate de cuivre a été utilisé de façon intensive comme fongicide pour lutter contre les maladies de la vigne. De ce fait, le cuivre s’est fortement accumulé dans les solsviticoles, atteignant des concentrations potentiellement nocives pour les organismes des sols.Bien que les doses de cuivre appliquées aujourd’hui soient 10 fois plus faibles qu’il y a 50 ans,son utilisation dans le contexte de la transition agroécologique est encore soumise à débat caril est un des rares pesticides autorisés en agriculture biologique. Dans ce travail, nous avonsconduit une méta-analyse de la littérature académique internationale pour objectiver l’impactdu cuivre sur la qualité biologiq…
Genetic determinisms, evolution and detection of non-target-site based resistance to herbicides inhibiting acetolactate-synthase in rye-grass (Lolium…
2016
The aim of this study is to unravel the genetic determinism of non-target-site resistance (NTSR) to herbicides inhibiting acetolactate-synthase (ALS) in the major weed rye-grass (Lolium sp.), and to estimate the feasibility of NTSR diagnosis based on genetic data. On the one hand, this work contributes to the understanding of the processes driving the evolution of NTSR to herbicides, and on the other hand it lays the foundations for the development of a diagnosis tool to identify NTSR to ALS inhibiting herbicides. - Using a quantitative transcriptome sequencing approach, we showed that NTSR evolve by recurrent selection of higher and higher constitutive expression levels of genes involved i…
Developing food variety at weaning
2012
Developing food variety at weaning. séminaire interne Danone baby nutrition
effect of the extraction of proteins from hemp press-cakes on their functionalities
2019
Plant proteins are a coherent option to feed the planet while limiting global warming. Common proteins (wheat, soya and maize) will soon no longer be sufficient to meet the increased demand for proteins. This thesis focuses on the development of a new source of plant protein for human consumption, based on a co-product of the oil mill: hemp proteins from press-cake. To meet this objective, the three main lines of action are: the definition of extraction conditions, the study of the physico-chemical properties of the isolates extracted under the defined conditions and the study of their emulsifying properties. The data in the literature on the extraction of hemp proteins are limited and not …
Division of labor in anti-parasite defense strategies in ant colonies
2014
Division of labor is a key characteristic of social insects and contributes to their ecological success. Especially in disease defense, the intra-colony partitioning of sanitary work can reduce disease transmission, keep nestmates available for other tasks and reduce costs associated with sanitary task performance (i.e. at the behavioral and physiological level). Factors internal and external to the individual affecting sanitary task allocation are not well known and most studies investigated genetic differences between workers performing behavioral sanitary work. In the first two studies I addressed whether individual experience (through repeated exposure to a sanitary hazard or performanc…
Le goût moisi-terreux du vin : contribution à la caractérisation cinétique et métabolique des moisissures associées à ce défaut organoleptique
2011
Some microorganisms that co-exist on the grapevine may have beneficial effects on the quality of wine whereas others may be at the origin of organoleptic deviations. In the last decade, several mouldy or earthy odors have been highlighted in various wine regions from France. (-)-geosmin was found to be the major compound responsible for this deviation, along with Botrytis cinerea and fungi belonging to the genus Penicillium, since they were frequently isolated from “earthy-musty” odor grapes. The extent of damage on the quality of wines, motivated our study on the caracterisation of grape rot fungi. First of all, the microflora of grapes from Burgundy vineyards was identified (morphological…
Exemple d'organisation et de gestion informatique d'une bibliothèque d'unité
2004
National audience
Modeling and energy optimization of the operative parts of an air assisted drill
2016
In the context of sustainable farming, the optimization of the energy costs of agricultural operations allows shorter working times and high quality of the agricultural operations. This question relates particularly to the seeding. This operation one is decisive for the quality of the future harvest. The modern high capacity seed drills must be compatible with all the constraints. The main goal of this PhD thesis is thus to develop an innovative methodology, integrating the modeling tools, in order to reduce the energy consumption of the heavy seeding equipment. Thus, we explored four key aspects concerning air seed drill design: maneuverability of poly-articulated seed drills; establishmen…