Search results for "VTA"

showing 5 items of 5 documents

Opposite motor responses elicited by ethanol in the posterior VTA: The role of acetaldehyde and the non-metabolized fraction of ethanol

2013

Recent electrophysiological evidence suggests that ethanol simultaneously exerts opposite effects on the activity of dopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) through two parallel mechanisms, one promoting and the other reducing the GABA release onto VTA DA neurons. Here we explore the possible behavioural implications of these findings by investigating the role displayed by acetaldehyde (the main metabolite of ethanol) and the non-metabolized fraction of ethanol in motor activity of rats. We analyse the appearance of motor activation or depression after intra-VTA administration of ethanol in rats subjected to different pharmacological pre-treatments designed to preferential…

MaleMicroinjectionsMetaboliteGABA(A) receptorsAcetaldehydePharmacologyMotor ActivityNon-metabolized fraction of ethanolBicucullineCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundDopaminemedicineAnimalsGABA-A Receptor AntagonistsEnzyme InhibitorsRats WistarPharmacologyEthanolDose-Response Relationship DrugEthanolChemistryGABAA receptorVentral Tegmental AreaAcetaldehydeCentral Nervous System DepressantsBicucullineRatsVentral tegmental areaElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistrynervous systemCyanamideVTAmedicine.drug
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Systemic administration of D-penicillamine prevents the locomotor activation after intra-VTA ethanol administration in rats.

2010

Although recently published studies seem to confirm the important role displayed by acetaldehyde (ACH), the main metabolite of ethanol, in the behavioral effects of ethanol, the origin of ACH is still a matter of debate. While some authors confer more importance to the central (brain metabolism) origin of ACH, others indicate that the hepatic origin could be more relevant. In this study we have addressed this topic using an experimental approach that combines local microinjections of ethanol into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) (which guarantees the brain origin of the ACH) to induce motor activation in rats together with systemic administration (i.p.) of several doses (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 …

AgonistLocomotor activityMalemedicine.drug_classMetaboliteCentral nervous systemAcetaldehydePharmacologyMotor Activitychemistry.chemical_compoundAlcohol-Induced Disorders Nervous SystemmedicineAnimalsRats WistarReceptorEthanolGeneral NeurosciencePenicillamineD-PenicillaminePenicillamineVentral Tegmental AreaCentral Nervous System DepressantsRatsVentral tegmental areaDAMGOBrain metabolism of ethanolDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistrySystemic administrationVTAmedicine.drugNeuroscience letters
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The LepR-mediated leptin transport across brain barriers controls food reward

2018

Objective Leptin is a key hormone in the control of appetite and body weight. Predominantly produced by white adipose tissue, it acts on the brain to inhibit homeostatic feeding and food reward. Leptin has free access to circumventricular organs, such as the median eminence, but entry into other brain centers is restricted by the blood–brain and blood–CSF barriers. So far, it is unknown for which of its central effects leptin has to penetrate brain barriers. In addition, the mechanisms mediating the transport across barriers are unclear although high expression in brain barriers suggests an important role of the leptin receptor (LepR). Methods We selectively deleted LepR in brain endothelia…

Male0301 basic medicineLeptinHFD high-fat dietEndothelial cellsWhite adipose tissueCSF cerebrospinal fluidMice0302 clinical medicineCPP conditioned place preferenceBBB blood–brain barrierCells Culturedmedia_commonLeptindigestive oral and skin physiologyi.p. intraperitonealmedicine.anatomical_structureLepRBlood-Brain BarrierBlood–brain barrier; Endothelial cells; LepR; Leptin; Obesity; RewardMedian eminenceqPCR quantitative polymerase chain reactionReceptors LeptinOriginal ArticleChoroid plexusmedicine.medical_specialtylcsh:Internal medicinemedia_common.quotation_subjectHyperphagiaBiologyBlood–brain barrierVTA ventral tegmental areaBC bottle choice testCapillary PermeabilityBlood–brain barrierARC arcuate nucleus03 medical and health sciencesPBS phosphate buffered salineRewardInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsObesitylcsh:RC31-1245Molecular BiologyCircumventricular organsBlood-Nerve BarrierLeptin receptorNCD normal chow dietAppetiteCell Biology030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyLepR leptin receptorChoroid PlexusBSA bovine serum albuminPFA paraformaldehyde030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDAPI 4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindoleMolecular Metabolism
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Barns egne stemmer i mekling – En kvalitativ studie av barns erfaringer i obligatorisk mekling etter foreldres samlivsbrudd/skilsmisse

2017

Masteroppgave psykisk helsearbeid ME504 - Universitetet i Agder 2017 Children`s participation in mediation after parent`s brake-up/divorce is a political priori area. Our focus on the importance of preventive work gave us interest in investigating this theme further. The aim was to clarify children`s experiences from participation in mandatory mediation. We focused on how the children`s voices were weighted when the arrangement of care was made, and how the children wanted to be met in mediation. Our research-questions were: «How do children experience their voices being weighted in mandatory mediation after parent`s brake-up/divorce»? and «Which wishes of change in mediation do they tell a…

children`s voicesfamily officeVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800ME504VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260arrangement of carebarns stemmemandatory mediationfamiliekontorobligatorisk meklingsamværsavtale
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Konstruksjonen av EØS i norske nettaviser

2016

Masteroppgave samfunnskommunikasjon- Universitetet i Agder, 2016 Det europeiske økonomiske samarbeidsområde (EØS) er Norges tilknytning til EU. Avtalen som sikrer Norge deltakelse i EUs indre marked har vært og er fortsatt et debattert tema hvor det hersker motsetningsfylte meninger om norsk deltakelse. Avtalen i seg selv fremstår som et nasjonalt kompromiss som gjør Norge stadig mer delaktig i den europeiske integrasjonsprosessen. I et journalistisk politisk debattklima som blir stadig mer personifisert, og hvor nettavisene konkurrerer om klikk og sidevisninger, forsøker denne studien å se nærmere på hvordan EØS kommuniseres i norske nettaviser og hva som kjennetegner kommunikasjonen. Gjen…

eøsKOM500eøs-avtalenVDP::Social science: 200::Media science and journalism: 310norske nettaviserjournalistikk
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