Search results for "VULPIN"
showing 10 items of 51 documents
Incidence des graminées adventices sur l'ergot des céréales
2013
Several species of Claviceps, mainly Claviceps purpurea may develop during cereals growth in place of grains or on the grass weeds head. These fungi may produce sclerotia with alkaloids inside, unsafe for the whole harvest. In order to help growers and grain collect organizations to support good practices, several years trials have been followed up. Synthesis for those data allows to identify strong grass weeds incidence, mainly for black-grass and ryegrass on ergot of cereal contamination, multiplication and maintain.
Effect of environmental conditions on Alopecurus myosuroides germination - I : Effect of temperature and light
2002
International audience
Effects of seed production and storage conditions on blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides) germination and shoot elongation
2003
Abstract Blackgrass is a common winter annual grass weed in autumn-sown crop rotations in Atlantic European countries. Control with a minimum amount of herbicides in integrated cropping systems would be facilitated by modeling the effect of cropping systems on its demography. To develop the submodel relating weed seed bank to emerged seedlings, laboratory experiments were conducted to analyze and quantify seed germination and shoot elongation. These processes were studied as a function of environmental conditions during seed production (nitrogen availability, water deficit, plant density, and crop) and of seed characteristics (seed weight, harvest date, storage length, and dry-stored/soil-b…
Et si une impasse de désherbage en agriculture de conservation des sols vous poussait à retravailler le sol ? Quelle intervention choisiriez-vous ?
2019
National audience; En Agriculture de Conservation des Sols (ACS), la perturbation minimale du sol est l’un des trois prin-cipes. Si l’impasse se fait sentir mieux vaut repenser le système que de laisser le mur se rapprocher à grands pas. Trois types de gestion d’interculture (Labour, travail superficiel (TCS) et semis direct avec glyphosate (SD)) ont été comparés sur des parcelles conduites sans labour depuis 17 ans dont les 7 dernières années en ACS sur le domaine de l’INRA de Dijon avant implantation d’un blé, sur un dispo-sitif en bandes répétées sur quatre parcelles. Des relevés de flore adventice, rendement et compo-sante de rendement ont été faite. Les densités moyennes sont faibles p…
Résistance du vulpin aux herbicides. Son importance et sa répartition en Côte d'Or
2006
BlACKGRASS lN WHEAT: A MAP OF HERBICIDE RESISTANCE Since the years 1990, the spread of herbicide resistance in wheatis more and more important within weed species as blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroidesHuds,). Resistanceto the fenoxaprop-P-ethyl within blackgrass population wasfirst was detected in the Côte d'Or departement. ln this context, a map of the herbicide resistance of blackgrass was undertaken at the scale of this departement. 149 fields were used for this study with for each an agronomic investigation and harvests of blackgrass seeds. Almost the whole of the populations of blackgrass tested present at least 50% of plants resistant to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, and 53% and 9% of these popu…
Assessing non-chemical weeding strategies through mechanistic modelling of blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) dynamics
2010
; Because of environmental and health safety issues, it is necessary to develop strategies that do not rely on herbicides to manage weeds. Introducing temporary grassland into annual crop rotations and mechanical weeding are the two main features that are frequently used in integrated and organic cropping systems for this purpose. To evaluate the contribution of these two factors in interaction with other cropping system components and environmental conditions, the present study updated an existing biophysical model (i.e. AlomySys) that quantifies the effects of cropping system on weed dynamics. Based on previous experiments, new sub-models were built to describe the effects on plant survi…
Les graminées adventices résistantes aux herbicides antigraminées en France
1998
National audience
SNP markers for black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) genotypes resistant to Acetyl CoA-carboxylase inhibiting herbicides
2002
Chloroplastic acetyl CoA-carboxylase (ACCase) is the target of widely used, specific graminicide herbicides: cyclohexanediones (CHDs) and aryloxyphenoxypropionates (APPs). Resistance to these compounds is a worldwide, increasing problem. Population genetic studies aimed at understanding the dynamics of this situation and the diffusion of resistance genes within and between weed populations are challenging because biological assays are not adequate for this purpose, and because different mechanisms of resistance confer a similar resistance phenotype. Molecular markers for specifically detecting resistance genes are therefore urgently needed to conduct such studies. For this purpose, we clone…
La résistance du vulpin des champs aux anti-graminées dans les blés en France. La métabolisation : son importance crée une situation à risque
2006
National audience; La résistance du Vulpin aux anti-graminées inhibiteurs de l'acétyl-coenzyme carboxylase ACC],« fops » et « dimes ») constitue un problème de désherbage majeur en France. 243 populations de vulpin (116 essentiellement dans le nord-est de la France, 127en Côte-d'Or) ont été analysées à l'aide de tests biologiques de sensibilité à des inhibiteurs de l'ACC et de tests moléculaires d'identification de résistances de cible. Des résistances ont été identifiées dans 241 des 243 populations. L'essentiel (plus de 75%) des résistances aux deux « fops» les plus utilisés est dû à des résistances par métabolisation.Ces résistances sont les plus préoccupantes en terme de gestion chimiqu…
Effect of environmental conditions on Alopecurus myosuroides germination - II : Effect of moisture conditions and storage length
2002
International audience