Search results for "Varais"
showing 10 items of 22 documents
Experiences, reputation, references and decision-making in an online hospitality network
2014
The aim of this thesis was to analyse behavioural patterns that occur after a negative experience during a hospitality exchange. The focus of this study is the largest online hospitality network to date, the CouchSurfing Project. CouchSurfing enables travellers to connect and to offer each other help in form of a free hospitality exchange. Furthermore, CouchSurfing presents a platform for cultural exchange and the possibility for members to connect in this online-offline community. As part of a qualitative study, a voluntary online questionnaire has been distributed and answered by 35 CouchSurfing members. The results give insight of how they deal with a negative experience after offline in…
The effect of chronic low-dose environmental radiation on organ mass of bank voles in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone
2020
Purpose: Animals are exposed to environmental ionizing radiation (IR) externally through proximity to contaminated soil and internally through ingestion and inhalation of radionuclides. Internal organs can respond to radioactive contamination through physiological stress. Chronic stress can compromise the size of physiologically active organs, but studies on wild mammal populations are scarce. The effects of environmental IR contamination on organ masses was studied by using a wild rodent inhabiting the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ). Material and Methods: The masses of brain, heart, kidney, spleen, liver and lung were assessed from bank voles (Myodes glareolus) captured from areas across r…
Les pagi du diocèse de Besançon et de sa marge occidentale (VIIe-XIe s.)
2017
Expansion of rDNA and pericentromere satellite repeats in the genomes of bank voles Myodes glareolus exposed to environmental radionuclides
2021
Abstract Altered copy number of certain highly repetitive regions of the genome, such as satellite DNA within heterochromatin and ribosomal RNA loci (rDNA), is hypothesized to help safeguard the genome against damage derived from external stressors. We quantified copy number of the 18S rDNA and a pericentromeric satellite DNA (Msat‐160) in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) inhabiting the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ), an area that is contaminated by radionuclides and where organisms are exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation. We found a significant increase in 18S rDNA and Msat‐160 content in the genomes of bank voles from contaminated locations within the CEZ compared with animals f…
Bioenergian potentiaalitarkastelu Pirkanmaan alueelta - energiaomavaraisuuden jäljillä
2011
Energiaomavaraisuuteen ei Suomessa ole juurikaan kiinnitetty huomiota edullisen tuontienergian aikana. Kuitenkin useat kansainväliset tahot painottavat tarvetta siirtyä kohti energiaomavaraisempaa ja hajautetumpaa energiantuotannon rakennetta. Suomen uusiutuvat energiavarat ovat monipuoliset, ja niiden avulla energiaomavaraisuutta olisi mahdollista parantaa merkittävästi. Tämän pro gradun tarkoituksena oli tarkastella energiaomavaraisuuden tilaa Pirkanmaalta valittujen maaseutuvaltaisten kuntien kautta. Työssä selvitettiin tarkastelualueen tämän hetkinen energiantuotannon infrastruktuuri sekä energiantuotannon ja -kulutuksen rakenteita suhteessa paikallisiin bioenergiavaroihin. Bioenergian …
Applying the Anna Karenina principle for wild animal gut microbiota : temporal stability of the bank vole gut microbiota in a disturbed environment
2020
Gut microbiota play an important role in host health. Yet, the drivers and patterns of microbiota imbalance (dysbiosis) in wild animals remain largely unexplored. One hypothesised outcome of stress on animal microbiomes is a destabilised microbial community that is characterised by an increase in inter-individual differences compared with microbiomes of healthy animals, which are expected to be (i) temporally stable and (ii) relatively similar among individuals. This set of predictions for response of microbiomes to stressors is known as the Anna Karenina principle (AKP) for animal microbiomes. We examine the AKP in a wild mammal inhabiting disturbed environments by conducting a capture-mar…
Participation for just governance of food-system transition
2022
Sustainability transitions governance needs to be inclusive and participatory and the question of justice is crucial for making effective and acceptable changes possible. But how do we ensure adequate participation in governance processes and enable reconciliation between competing goals in relation to sustainability transitions? Transition management highlights the need for participatory and reflexive governance processes to enable sustainability transitions. However, due to participant selection and limitations in chosen approaches, deliberative and participatory forums may have difficulties ensuring justice and legitimacy. A systemic and practice-oriented perspective on deliberation poin…
The impact of wildlife and environmental factors on hantavirus infection in the host and its translation into human risk
2023
Identifying factors that drive infection dynamics in reservoir host populations is essential in understanding human risk from wildlife-originated zoonoses. We studied zoonotic Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) in the host, the bank vole ( Myodes glareolus ), populations in relation to the host population, rodent and predator community and environment-related factors and whether these processes are translated into human infection incidence. We used 5-year rodent trapping and bank vole PUUV serology data collected from 30 sites located in 24 municipalities in Finland. We found that PUUV seroprevalence in the host was negatively associated with the abundance of red foxes, but this process did no…
Interpretation of gut microbiota data in the ‘eye of the beholder’: A commentary and re‐evaluation of data from ‘Impacts of radiation exposure on the…
2021
1.Evidence that exposure to environmental pollutants can alter the gut microbiota composition of wildlife includes studies of rodents exposed to radionuclides. 2.Antwis et al. (2021) used amplicon sequencing to characterise the gut microbiota of four species of rodent (Myodes glareolus, Apodemus agrarius, A. flavicollis and A. sylvaticus) inhabiting the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) to examine possible changes in gut bacteria (microbiota) and gut fungi (mycobiota) associated with exposure to radionuclides and whether the sample type (from caecum or faeces) affected the analysis. 3.The conclusions derived from the analyses of gut mycobiota are based on data that represent a mixture of inges…
Cities and their effects on free-living and host-associated microbes
2023
Mikrobit ovat oleellisen tärkeitä elämälle maapallolla, ja niitä esiintyy vapaina ympäristössä tai isäntäorganismeissa tukien ekosysteemien ja/tai isäntien normaalia toimintaa. Ihminen vaikuttaa lähes kaikkiin planeettamme elinympäristöihin aiheuttaen niiden häviämistä ja huonontumista (mukaan lukien kaupunkien rakentaminen) sekä ympäristöjen saastumista ja ilmastonmuutosta. Mikrobiyhteisöjen (kutsutaan myös mikrobiotaksi, mukaan lukien bakteerit ja sienet) odotetaan reagoivan näihin ihmisen aiheuttamiin valintapaineisiin sopeutumalla muuttuvaan ympäristöön. Siten ihmisen aiheuttamat muutokset ympäristössä voivat muovata mikrobiyhteisöjä (sekä vapaasti eläviä että isäntiin liittyviä) muutta…