Search results for "Variable"

showing 10 items of 1674 documents

Study of heavy meson production in p–Pb collisions atS=5.02TeV in the general-mass variable-flavour-number scheme

2017

Abstract We study inclusive charm and bottom production, for both D and B mesons, in p–Pb collisions at the LHC. Numerical results for p T -differential production cross sections are obtained at next-to-leading-order in the general-mass variable-flavour-number scheme. We compare our results with recent data from ALICE, LHCb and CMS at a centre-of-mass energy of 5 TeV and find good agreement. A comparison with p–p cross sections does not reveal the presence of nuclear initial-state interaction effects that could be expected to become visible as deviations of the ratio of p–Pb and p–p cross sections from one.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMeson productionLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsMonte Carlo methodFlavour01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentB mesonCharm (quantum number)010306 general physicsVariable (mathematics)Nuclear Physics B
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The unequal mass sunrise integral expressed through iterated integrals on M‾1,3

2020

Abstract We solve the two-loop sunrise integral with unequal masses systematically to all orders in the dimensional regularisation parameter e. In order to do so, we transform the system of differential equations for the master integrals to an e-form. The sunrise integral with unequal masses depends on three kinematical variables. We perform a change of variables to standard coordinates on the moduli space M 1 , 3 of a genus one Riemann surface with three marked points. This gives us the solution as iterated integrals on M ‾ 1 , 3 . On the hypersurface τ = const our result reduces to elliptic polylogarithms. In the equal mass case our result reduces to iterated integrals of modular forms.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physicssymbols.namesakeChange of variablesHypersurfaceDifferential equationRiemann surfaceGenus (mathematics)Mathematical analysisModular formsymbolsOrder (ring theory)Moduli spaceNuclear Physics B
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Measurement of the K-S mean lifetime from pi(+)pi(-) and pi(0)pi(0) decays using K-L decays to determine the acceptance

1997

A precision measurement of the KS mean lifetime has been performed by comparing, in the same experimental setup, the distributions of two-pion decays of neutral kaons produced by high energy proton-beryllium interactions in two targets at a relative distance variable between 112 and 160 m. The value obtained combining the results from π+π- and π0π0 decays is τS = (0.8971 ± 0.0021) 10-10 s. © Springer-Verlag 1997.

PhysicsNuclear physicsHigh energyPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)High Energy Physics::ExperimentAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentValue (mathematics)Variable (mathematics)ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PHYSIK C-PARTICLES AND FIELDS
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An exact soliton solution for an averaged dispersion-managed fibre system equation

2001

We consider the nonlinear wave propagation in an averaged dispersion-managed (DM) fibre system. We present the explicit Lax pair with a variable spectral parameter and derive the exact soliton solution using the Backlund transformation. A similar study is also carried out for simultaneous propagation of N nonlinear pulses in the averaged DM fibre system.

PhysicsOptical fiberMathematical analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear Physicslaw.inventionNonlinear systemNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsTransformation (function)lawLax pairDispersion managedSolitonReduction (mathematics)Mathematical PhysicsVariable (mathematics)Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General
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b-Hadron production in the general-mass variable-flavour-number scheme and LHC data

2018

We study inclusive b-hadron production in pp collisions at the LHC at different center-of-mass energies and compare with experimental data from the LHCb and CMS collaborations. Our predictions for cross sections differential in the transverse momentum and (pseudo-)rapidity agree with data within uncertainties due to renormalization scale variations. A small tension is found if data and theory predictions are compared for cross section ratios at different center-of-mass energies.

PhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderScale (ratio)010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHadronFOS: Physical sciencesExperimental data01 natural sciencesRenormalizationVariable (computer science)Cross section (physics)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesddc:530Rapidity010306 general physics
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Quantum fluctuations of the conductance in the hopping regime

1992

Abstract The results of the numerical scaling approach for localization are used to discuss the statistical behaviour of the zero-temperature conductance of disordered systems of finite size. In the asymptotic regime of strong localization, where transport is dominated by hopping processes, explicit expressions for the temperature dependence of the fluctuations of the conductance and the resistance are obtained by assuming that the phase coherence length is given by the Mott hopping law. It is shown that the temperature dependence of the fluctuations of the logarithm of the conductance/resistance does not depend on the assumptions concerning the statistics of the hopping processes. The resu…

PhysicsPhase coherenceLogarithmCondensed matter physicsGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyConductanceStatistical physicsConductance quantumScalingVariable-range hoppingQuantum fluctuationPhilosophical Magazine B
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Mechanical models of amplitude and frequency modulation

2005

This paper presents some mechanical models for amplitude and frequency modulation. The equations governing both modulations are deduced alongside some necessary approximations. Computer simulations of the models are carried out by using available educational software. Amplitude modulation is achieved by using a system of two weakly coupled pendulums, whereas the frequency modulation is obtained by using a pendulum of variable length. Under suitable conditions (small oscillations, appropriate initial conditions, etc) both types of modulation result in significantly accurate and visualized simulations.

PhysicsPulse-frequency modulationstudentMechanical modelsAcousticsPendulumGeneral Physics and AstronomyVariable lengthAmplitude modulationAmplitudequantum physicsModulation (music)physicFrequency modulationEuropean Journal of Physics
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No-Forcing and No-Matching Theorems for Classical Probability Applied to Quantum Mechanics

2013

Correlations of spins in a system of entangled particles are inconsistent with Kolmogorov's probability theory (KPT), provided the system is assumed to be non-contextual. In the Alice-Bob EPR paradigm, non-contextuality means that the identity of Alice's spin (i.e., the probability space on which it is defined as a random variable) is determined only by the axis \alphai chosen by Alice, irrespective of Bob's axis \betaj (and vice versa). Here, we study contextual KPT models, with two properties: (1) Alice's and Bob's spins are identified as Aij and Bij, even though their distributions are determined by, respectively, \alphai alone and \betaj alone, in accordance with the no-signaling requir…

PhysicsQuantum Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsProbability (math.PR)Zero (complex analysis)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesCharacterization (mathematics)Computer Science::Computational Complexity60A99 81P1301 natural sciencesCombinatoricsIdentity (mathematics)Probability theoryJoint probability distribution0103 physical sciencesFOS: MathematicsBeta (velocity)010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Random variableMathematics - ProbabilitySpin-½
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Beating the One-Half Limit of Ancilla-Free Linear Optics Bell Measurements

2013

We show that optically encoded two-qubit Bell states can be unambiguously discriminated with a success probability of more than 50% in both single-rail and dual-rail encodings by using active linear-optical resources that include Gaussian squeezing operations. These results are in contrast to the well-known upper bound of 50% for unambiguous discrimination of dual-rail Bell states using passive, static linear optics and arbitrarily many vacuum modes. We present experimentally feasible schemes that improve the success probability to 64.3% in dual-rail and to 62.5% in single-rail for a uniform random distribution of Bell states. Conceptually, this demonstrates that neither interactions that i…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsBell stateGaussianFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Classical PhysicsUpper and lower boundsTeleportationComputer Science::Othersymbols.namesakeLocal hidden variable theoryQuantum mechanicssymbolsLimit (mathematics)Quantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Quantum information sciencePhysical Review Letters
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Entanglement correlations, Bell inequalities, and the concurrence

2005

Probabilities of measurement outcomes of two-particle entangled states give a physically transparent interpretation of the concurrence and of the I-concurrence as entanglement measures. The (I)-concurrence can thus be measured experimentally. The tight connection between these measures and Bell inequalities is highlighted.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsBell stateInequalitymedia_common.quotation_subjectGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesConcurrenceQuantum entanglementQuantum PhysicsSquashed entanglementMultipartite entanglementLocal hidden variable theoryQuantum mechanicsComputer Science::Programming LanguagesBell test experimentsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)media_common
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