Search results for "Vascular"
showing 10 items of 10708 documents
280 Impact of ozone air pollution on ischemic cerebral and cardiac events in Dijon, France
2011
Background There is strong evidence that short-term exposure to ozone (O3) is associated with respiratory disease and death, but the effects of short-term exposure to ozone on ischemic heart and cerebrovascular disease have not been clearly established. Methods Daily levels of urban O3 pollution, the incidence of first-ever, recurrent, fatal and non-fatal ischemic cerebro-vascular events (ICVE) and myocardial infarction (MI) were compared using a bi-directional case-crossover design analysis. We analysed 1 574 ICVE and 913 MI that occurred in Dijon, France from 2001 to 2007. Sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter with an aerodiameter of 10μg/…
Sleep disordered breathing in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities hospitalized for pulmonary disease
2015
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is often overlooked in hospitalized patients. We screened consecutive patients with cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities hospitalized for respiratory problems to study SDB prevalence and type. Patients did not refer typical clinical signs of SDB. Patients (n=34, 21 M, mean age±SD 71±12 yr, BMI: 31.9±5.8 kg/m2) were studied by polygraphy (SomnoLab, Weinmann, Germany) 4.5±3.2 days after admission for COPD exacerbation (COPD-E, n=20), pleural effusion (n=2), asthma exacerbation (n=2) or other causes (n=10). On admission, 18 patients showed respiratory failure (RF, hypoxemic: n=9, hypercapnic: n=9). CV comorbidities (1.7±0.8/patient) were: hypertension (n= 27), hea…
Prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with superficial-vein thrombosis given rivaroxaban or fondaparinux: the open-label, randomised…
2017
Summary Background Superficial-vein thrombosis can lead to deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, might simplify treatment compared with fondaparinux because it does not require daily subcutaneous injection and is cheaper. We compared efficacy outcomes in patients with superficial-vein thrombosis and additional risk factors given either rivaroxaban or fondaparinux to assess whether rivaroxaban is non-inferior to fondaparinux in the prevention of thromboembolic complications. Methods In this open-label, masked endpoint, randomised, non-inferiority phase 3b trial, we recruited patients aged 18 years or older with symptomatic superficial-vein thr…
Obesity, Adipokines and Metabolic Syndrome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
2012
The complex mechanisms linking fat excess to metabolic syndrome are not well understood, but several experimental studies have shown that altered production of adipokines plays a main role in development and progression of this disorder. In particular, reduced secretion of adiponectin has a crucial role in inducing insulin resistance but also in determining the clustering of elevated triglycerides and small, dense LDL particles. Increased leptin secretion may be responsible for sympathetic nervous system overactivity and hypertension, while reduced omentin may have an important permissive role in the development of atherogenic processes. Finally, cytokines and other adipokines (resistin, vi…
Outcomes of transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention by right ventricular function: a multicentre propensity-matched analysis
2021
BACKGROUND Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) has a poor prognosis and limited treatment options and is frequently accompanied by right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. Transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions (TTVI) to reduce TR have been shown to be safe and feasible with encouraging early results. Patient selection for TTVI remains challenging, with the role of right ventricular (RV) function being unknown. AIMS The aims of this study were 1) to investigate survival in a TTVI-treated patient population and a conservatively treated TR population, and 2) to evaluate the outcome of TTVI as compared to conservative treatment stratified according to the degree of RV function. METHODS We studied 684…
Making it More Sensitive
2011
About a decade ago, the prevailing wisdom was that conventional risk factors explained only approximately half of the risk for a myocardial infarction or stroke. Consequently, efforts to identify novel risk factors were undertaken to improve cardiovascular risk prediction. The hypothesis that inflammation is a central contributor to atherothrombosis has stimulated sustained efforts to characterize the specific molecules and pathways that may be involved and to identify biomarkers in humans that enable detection of underlying inflammatory activation to improve cardiovascular risk prediction. Ridker et al1 pioneered this work and reported that systemic low-grade inflammation assessed by measu…
Primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for Acute Myocardial Infarction in patients not included in randomized studies
1999
Abstract Patients with acute myocardial infarction included in randomized trials comparing primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (pPTCA) with thrombolysis represent a special subgroup of patients with a low event rate. Patients excluded from these trials represent a variety of different subgroups, with different patient characteristics and possibly different clinical event rates. Primary PTCA was performed in 491 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction in the prospective multicenter observational Maximal Individual Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction trial. They were divided into the following groups: group I, patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria of t…
Disturbed glucose metabolism and left ventricular geometry in the general population – results from the Gutenberg health study
2020
Abstract Background Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been demonstrated to alter left ventricular geometry and promote left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH). However, the impact of impaired glucose metabolism on cardiac structure is still not completely understood and controversially discussed. Purpose To investigate the impact of prediabetes and T2DM on left ventricular geometry and their potential interaction with LVH in the prediction of survival. Methods Data from the Gutenberg Health Study (N=15,010) – a population-based study with highly standardized phenotyping – were analysed. Information was obtained from computer-assisted personal interviews, medical-technical…
Ankle-Brachial Index as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk in Atrial Fibrillation
2012
Objectives: Atrial Fibrillation (AF), the most frequent sustained arrhythmia, is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The clinical course of AF is often complicated by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events that usually have a dual origin: cardio embolic and atherothrombotic. The aim of our study is to demonstrate the existence of a relationship between Systemic Atherosclerosis and AF. More specifically, we have analysed the prevalence of lower limb Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) in a population of fibrillating patients, and we have assessed whether the coexistence of AF and PAD might result in increased cardiovascular risks. Methods: The study has been conduc…
Control de la dislipemia en grupos clínicos especiales: mujeres, ancianos, VIH, enfermedad renal crónica, pacientes con síndrome metabólico
2011
There is still some disagreement about how dyslipidemia should be treated in particular population groups. This article provides a review of indications for lipid-lowering treatment, preferably for primary prevention, in specific groups of patients: women, the elderly, and those with an HIV infection, chronic kidney disease or metabolic syndrome. Special emphasis is placed on data obtained in the JUPITER trial and in other studies of rosuvastatin.