Search results for "Vasopressin"
showing 10 items of 84 documents
Absence of muscarinic modulation of vasopressin release from the isolated rat neurohypophysis
1975
1. Isolated rat neurohypophyses were incubated in Locke solution at 37°C and the vasopressin output into the medium determined by bioassay. 2. Potassium chloride 60 mM caused a 9-fold increase in the rate of vasopressin release that was abolished when calcium chloride was omitted from the Locke solution. 3. Acetylcholine 5.5×10−4 M neither alone nor in the presence of atropine 2.9×10−6 M changed the “resting” release of vasopressin. 4. Neither acetylcholine 5.5×10−4 M nor oxotremorine 10−4 and 3×10−4 M altered the vasopressin release evoked by potassium chloride 60 mM. 5. In contrast to the peripheral adrenergic nerve fibres, the secretory terminal fibres of the neurohypophysis do not appea…
Synthesis of [11C]SSR149415 and preliminary imaging studies using positron emission tomography.
2010
Abstract SSR149415 was the first non-peptide vasopressin-(V1b) receptor antagonist reported. It has been used to probe the role of V1b receptors in animal models of depression, aggression, and stress-anxiety, and was progressed to clinical trials for the treatment of depression. Due to the interest in V1b receptors as a therapeutic target and the growing use of SSR149415 in preclinical research, we developed a method to label SSR145419 with carbon-11 and have studied its pharmacokinetics in non-human primates using positron emission tomography.
Separation of selected peptides by capillary electroendoosmotic chromatography using 3 μm reversed-phase bonded silica and mixed-mode phases
1999
The retention behaviour and selectivity of selected basic, neutral and acidic peptides have been studied by capillary electroendoosmotic chromatography (CEC) with Hypersil C8, C18, Hypersil mixed-mode, and Spherisorb C18/SCX columns, 250 (335) mm x 100 microns, packed with 3 microns particles, and eluted with mobile phases composed of acetonitrile-triethylamine-phosphoric acid (TEAP) at pH 3.0 using a Hewlett-Packard Model HP3DCE capillary electrophoresis system. The selected peptides were desmopressin (D), two analogues (A and B) of desmopressin, oxytocin (O) and carbetocin (C). The peptides eluted either before or after the electroendoosmotic flow (EOF) marker, depending on the concentrat…
MeCP2 haplodeficiency and early-life stress interaction on anxiety-like behavior in adolescent female mice
2021
Abstract Background Early-life stress can leave persistent epigenetic marks that may modulate vulnerability to psychiatric conditions later in life, including anxiety, depression and stress-related disorders. These are complex disorders with both environmental and genetic influences contributing to their etiology. Methyl-CpG Binding Protein 2 (MeCP2) has been attributed a key role in the control of neuronal activity-dependent gene expression and is a master regulator of experience-dependent epigenetic programming. Moreover, mutations in the MECP2 gene are the primary cause of Rett syndrome and, to a lesser extent, of a range of other major neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we aim to study…
Can we compare haemophilia carriers with clotting factor deficiency to male patients with mild haemophilia?
2020
Introduction Certain haemophilia carriers demonstrate an increased bleeding tendency, mainly related to clotting factor deficiency. No study has so far formally compared the bleeding phenotype of women and girls with mild FVIII or FIX deficiency and associated management with that of male patients affected by mild haemophilia A and B. Material and methods We retrospectively evaluated 44 women and girls with mild FVIII or FIX deficiency (FVIII or FIX 0.05-0.5 IU/mL) and 77 male patients with mild haemophilia A or B and compared them with respect to clotting factor level, age at and trigger for diagnosis, as well as treatment modalities. Results After excluding gender-related haemorrhagic sym…
Emergency sclerotherapy versus vasoactive drugs for variceal bleeding in cirrhosis
2003
Abstract Background & aims: Emergency sclerotherapy is used as a first-line therapy for variceal bleeding in cirrhosis, although pharmacologic treatment stops bleeding in most patients. We performed a meta-analysis comparing emergency sclerotherapy with pharmacologic treatment. Methods: MEDLINE (1968–2002), EMBASE (1986–2002), and the Cochrane Library (2002;4) were searched to retrieve randomized controlled trials comparing sclerotherapy with vasopressin (± nitroglycerin), terlipressin, somatostatin, or octreotide for variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Outcome measures were failure to control bleeding, rebleeding, blood transfusions, adverse events, and mortality. Results: Fifteen trials were …
Emergency sclerotherapy versus vasoactive drugs for bleeding oesophageal varices in cirrhotic patients.
2010
Background Emergency sclerotherapy is still widely used as a first line therapy for variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis, particularly when banding ligation is not available or feasible. However, pharmacological treatment may stop bleeding in the majority of these patients. Objectives To assess the benefits and harms of emergency sclerotherapy versus vasoactive drugs for variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Search methods Search of trials was based on The Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index Expanded through January 2010. Selection criteri…
Balancing selection maintains polymorphisms at neurogenetic loci in field experiments
2017
Most variation in behavior has a genetic basis, but the processes determining the level of diversity at behavioral loci are largely unknown for natural populations. Expression of arginine vasopressin receptor 1a (Avpr1a) and oxytocin receptor (Oxtr) in specific regions of the brain regulates diverse social and reproductive behaviors in mammals, including humans. That these genes have important fitness consequences and that natural populations contain extensive diversity at these loci implies the action of balancing selection. In Myodes glareolus, Avpr1a and Oxtr each contain a polymorphic microsatellite locus located in their 5′ regulatory region (the regulatory region-associated microsatel…
Arginine Vasopressin Enhances Sympathetic Constriction Through the V 1 Vasopressin Receptor in Human Saphenous Vein
1998
Background —Arginine vasopressin (AVP) not only acts directly on blood vessels through V 1 receptor stimulation but also may modulate adrenergic-mediated responses in animal experiments in vivo and in vitro. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether AVP can contribute to an abnormal adrenergic constrictor response of human saphenous veins. Methods and Results —Saphenous vein rings were obtained from 32 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. The vein rings were suspended in organ bath chambers for isometric recording of tension. AVP (3×10 −9 mol/L) enhanced the contractions elicited by electrical field stimulation at 1, 2, and 4 Hz (by 80%, 70%, and 60%, respectiv…
Functional Role of α1-Adrenoceptor Subtypes in Murine Ophthalmic Arteries
2011
PURPOSE To identify the α(1)-adrenoceptor (α(1)-AR) subtypes mediating vascular adrenergic responses in murine ophthalmic arteries. METHODS Expression of mRNA was quantified for individual α(1)-AR subtypes in murine ophthalmic arteries using real-time PCR. To assess the functional relevance of α(1)-ARs for mediating vascular responses, ophthalmic arteries from mice deficient in one of the three α(1)-AR subtypes (α(1A)-AR(-/-), α(1B)-AR(-/-), and α(1D)-AR(-/-), respectively) and wild-type controls were isolated, cannulated with micropipettes, and pressurized. Changes in luminal artery diameter in response to the α(1)-AR agonist phenylephrine, the sympathetic transmitter noradrenaline, and to…