Search results for "Vector"

showing 10 items of 2660 documents

Comparative analysis of numerical and experimental data of orthodontic mini-implants

2011

The purpose of this study was to compare numerical simulation data derived from finite element analysis (FEA) to experimental data on mini-implant loading. Nine finite element (FE) models of mini-implants and surrounding bone were derived from corresponding experimental specimens. The animal bone in the experiment consisted of bovine rib. The experimental groups were based on implant type, length, diameter, and angle of insertion. One experimental specimen was randomly selected from each group and was digitized in a microCT scanner. The FE models consisted of bone pieces containing Aarhus mini-implants with dimensions 1.5 × 7 mm and 1.5 × 9 mm or LOMAS mini-implants (dimensions 1.5 × 7 mm, …

Dental Stress AnalysisMaterials science9 mm caliberFinite Element AnalysisOrthodontics610 Medicine & health10067 Clinic for Orthodontics and Pediatric DentistryDisplacement (vector)Stress (mechanics)Imaging Three-DimensionalOrthodontic Anchorage ProceduresPerpendicularAnimalsOrthodontic Appliance DesignDental ImplantsModels Statisticalbusiness.industry3505 OrthodonticsBiomechanicsExperimental dataX-Ray MicrotomographyStructural engineeringFinite element methodBiomechanical PhenomenaCattleStress MechanicalbusinessRotation (mathematics)
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Gene therapy for type 1 diabetes: is it ready for the clinic?

1999

This review, in addition to updating the growing list of type 1 diabetes- relevant gene therapies, offers an outline of short-term objectives that can readily be met to move, at least, adenoviral and adeno-associated viral-based protocols into the clinic, first as a means of facilitating islet allografts as well as platforms with which to introduce immunoregulatory transgenes. A wide array of genes have been tested to restore insulin production, to drive the differentiation of insulin-producing progenitors, and to confer immunosuppression in an antigen- and tissue-restricted manner.

Diabetes; Gene therapy; Immunotherapy; Autoimmunity.medicine.medical_treatmentGenetic enhancementTransgeneImmunologyGenetic VectorsAutoimmunity.BioinformaticsDiabeteAdenoviridaeGene therapyAntigenmedicineAnimalsHumansProgenitor cellgeographyType 1 diabetesgeography.geographical_feature_categorybusiness.industryInsulinGene Transfer TechniquesImmunosuppressionGenetic TherapyIsletmedicine.diseaseDiabetes Mellitus Type 1Immunotherapybusiness
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Development of a specific assay using RISA for detection of the bacterial agent of 'basses richesses' syndrome of sugar beet and confirmation of a Pe…

2007

International audience; A technique for the specific diagnosis in insects of SBRp (the γ-3 proteobacterium associated with the syndrome ‘basses richesses’ (SBR) of sugar beet crops in eastern France), using the RISA (rDNA intergenic spacer analysis) technique, was developed. PCR using the Alb1/Oliv1 primer pair specifically amplified a 16S-ITS region of SBRp and produced a characteristic DNA fingerprint. This PCR assay did not detect other closely related organisms, including the Arsenophonus endosymbiont of Diaphorina citri, the secondary endosymbiont of Glycaspis brimblecombei, or ‘Candidatus Phlomobacter fragariae’, a related phytopathogenic γ-3 proteobacterium. Six different ribosomal o…

Diaphorina citri[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Plant ScienceHorticultureMicrobiologylaw.invention03 medical and health scienceslawGeneticsCicadomorphaPolymerase chain reaction030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbiology030306 microbiologyfungiRIBOSOMAL OPERONRibosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationCixiidaeDNA profilingPhytoplasmaSTOLBUR PHYTOPLASMAPROTEOBACTERIAINSECT VECTORSSugar beetAgronomy and Crop Science
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Expression and purification of polyhistidine-tagged rotavirus NSP4 proteins in insect cells

2003

The rotavirus nonstructural NSP4 protein, a transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum-specific glycoprotein, has been described as the first viral enterotoxin. Purified NSP4 or a peptide corresponding to NSP4 residues 114-135 induces diarrhea in young mice. NSP4 has a membrane-destabilizing activity and causes an increase in intracellular calcium levels and chloride secretion by a calcium-dependent signalling pathway in eucaryotic cells. In this study, four recombinant baculoviruses were generated expressing the rotavirus NSP4 glycoprotein from the human strains Wa and Ito, the porcine strain OSU, and the simian strain SA11, which belong to two different NSP4 genotypes, A and B. The recombinant g…

DiarrheaRotavirusGlycosylationInsectaImmunoprecipitationRecombinant Fusion ProteinsvirusesGenetic VectorsViral Nonstructural ProteinsProtein Engineeringmedicine.disease_causelaw.inventionMicelawRotavirusmedicineAnimalsHumansHistidinePolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisCells CulturedGlycoproteinsToxins Biologicalchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryEndoplasmic reticulumbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionMolecular biologyTransmembrane proteinBlotGene Expression RegulationRecombinant DNAElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelGlycoproteinBiotechnologyProtein Expression and Purification
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On the time function of the Dulac map for families of meromorphic vector fields

2003

Given an analytic family of vector fields in Bbb R2 having a saddle point, we study the asymptotic development of the time function along the union of the two separatrices. We obtain a result (depending uniformly on the parameters) which we apply to investigate the bifurcation of critical periods of quadratic centres.

Differential equationApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsQuadratic equationSaddle pointtime-map; quadratic centresDevelopment (differential geometry)Vector fieldAsymptotic expansionMathematical PhysicsBifurcationMathematicsMeromorphic functionNonlinearity
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Conformation constraints for efficient viscoelastic fluid simulation

2017

The simulation of high viscoelasticity poses important computational challenges. One is the difficulty to robustly measure strain and its derivatives in a medium without permanent structure. Another is the high stiffness of the governing differential equations. Solutions that tackle these challenges exist, but they are computationally slow. We propose a constraint-based model of viscoelasticity that enables efficient simulation of highly viscous and viscoelastic phenomena. Our model reformulates, in a constraint-based fashion, a constitutive model of viscoelasticity for polymeric fluids, which defines simple governing equations for a conformation tensor. The model can represent a diverse pa…

Differential equationComputer scienceConstitutive equationConstraint (computer-aided design)Viscoelasticitat020207 software engineering02 engineering and technologySolverComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignViscoelasticityPhysics::Fluid DynamicsPosition (vector)Inviscid flowSimulació per ordinador0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringApplied mathematics020201 artificial intelligence & image processingTensorComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
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Generalized finite difference schemes with higher order Whitney forms

2021

Finite difference kind of schemes are popular in approximating wave propagation problems in finite dimensional spaces. While Yee’s original paper on the finite difference method is already from the sixties, mathematically there still remains questions which are not yet satisfactorily covered. In this paper, we address two issues of this kind. Firstly, in the literature Yee’s scheme is constructed separately for each particular type of wave problem. Here, we explicitly generalize the Yee scheme to a class of wave problems that covers at large physics field theories. For this we introduce Yee’s scheme for all problems of a class characterised on a Minkowski manifold by (i) a pair of first ord…

Differential equationDifferential formsähkömagnetismiFirst-order partial differential equationdifferential formselectromagnetism010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesdifferentiaaligeometriaMinkowski spaceApplied mathematicsdifferential geometry0101 mathematicsFinite setfinite difference methodMathematicsNumerical AnalysisSpacetimeApplied MathematicsFinite difference methodFinite differencevector-valued formswhitney forms010101 applied mathematicsComputational MathematicsModeling and Simulationelasticityco-vector valued formsAnalysisESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis
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On the construction of lusternik-schnirelmann critical values with application to bifurcation problems

1987

An iterative method to construct Lusternik-Schnirelmann critical values is presented. Examples of its use to obtain numerical solutions to nonlinear eigenvalue problems and their bifurcation branches are given

Differential equationIterative methodApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisMathematics::General TopologyBifurcation diagramMathematics::Algebraic TopologyNonlinear systemBifurcation theoryTranscritical bifurcationAnalysisEigenvalues and eigenvectorsBifurcationMathematicsApplicable Analysis
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Acoustically tunable photonic band gap structures

2005

We discuss the formation of a tunable one-dimensional photonic band gap structure through the modulation of the resonance frequency of an optical microcavity by a surface acoustic wave (SAW). The microcavity consists of a λ/2 GaAs layer bounded by AlAs/GaAs Bragg mirrors. The SAW periodically modulates the optical thickness of the cavity layer, leading to a light dispersion relation folded within a mini-Brillouin zone (MBZ) defined by |k x |≤ π/λ SAW (k x denotes the photon wave vector component along the SAW propagation direction x-with-caret). In reflection and diffraction experiments, we observe photon modes bounding the gaps in the center and at the boundary of the MBZ as well as a reno…

DiffractionMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySurface acoustic wavePhysics::OpticsBragg's lawCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectOptical microcavitylaw.inventionOpticslawDispersion relationDispersion (optics)OptoelectronicsWave vectorbusinessPhotonic crystalSPIE Proceedings
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Thickness and temperature dependent structure of Cd arachidate Langmuir-Blodgett films

1992

Abstract The structure of monolayers of Cd arachidate on water and on solid support, and the thickness dependent changes when building up a multilayer via the LB technique are studied by means of grazing incidence diffraction of X-ray. In monolayers the perpendicularly oriented amphiphilic molecules are arranged in a hexagonal lattice, whereas for thicker layers (even for three layers) they crystallize in an orthorhombic unit cell with a reduced molecular are ( A = 18.2 A 2 ) compared to that of the monolayer ( A = 19.7 A 2 ). In-plane diffraction measurements with wave vector transfer perpendicular to the surface (rod scans) could prove for multilayers a maximum tilt angle of 2°. The data …

DiffractionPhase transitionGrazing incidence diffractionbusiness.industryChemistryMetals and AlloysSurfaces and InterfacesLangmuir–Blodgett filmSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyOpticsMonolayerMaterials ChemistryWave vectorHexagonal latticeOrthorhombic crystal systembusinessThin Solid Films
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