Search results for "Vegetal Biology"
showing 10 items of 1601 documents
Copper transporter COPT5 participates in the crosstalk between vacuolar copper and iron pools mobilisation
2019
Copper (Cu) deficiency affects iron (Fe) homeostasis in several plant processes, including the increased Fe requirements due to cuproprotein substitutions for the corresponding Fe counterpart. Loss-of-function mutants from Arabidopsis thaliana high affinity copper transporter COPT5 and Fe transporters NATURAL RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGE PROTEIN 3/4 (NRAMP3 and NRAMP4) were used to study the interaction between metals internal pools. A physiological characterisation showed that the copt5 mutant is sensitive to Fe deficiency, and that nramp3nramp4 mutant growth was severely affected under limiting Cu. By a transcriptomic analysis, we observed that NRAMP4 expression was highly induced in …
Assessment of genetically modified maize 1507 × NK603 for renewal of authorisation under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (application EFSA‐GMO‐RX‐008)
2018
International audience; Following the submission of application EFSA-GMO-RX-008 under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. and Dow AgroSciences LLC, the Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms of the European Food Safety Authority was asked to deliver a scientific risk assessment on the data submitted in the context of the renewal of authorisation application for the insect-resistant, herbicide-tolerant genetically modified maize 1507 x NK603, for food and feed uses, import and processing, excluding cultivation within the EU. The data received in the context of this renewal application contained a systematic search and evaluation of literature, updated bioin…
Peaks of in situ N2O emissions are influenced by N2O producing and reducing microbial communities across arable soils
2018
International audience; Introduction Agriculture is the main source of terrestrial N2O emissions, a potent greenhouse gas and the main cause of ozone depletion ((Hu et al., 2015). The reduction of N2O into N2 by microorganisms carrying the nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ) is the only known biological process eliminating this greenhouse gas. Recent studies showed that a previously unknown clade of N2O-reducers (nosZII) was related to the potential capacity of the soil to act as a N2O sink (see Hallin et al., 2017 and references therein). However little is known about how this group responds to different agricultural practices. Here, we investigated how N2O-producers and N2O-reducers were …
Lutter contre les infections bactériennes : le système immunitaire des plantes est aussi très efficace !
2016
SPE IPM UB CNRS Agrosup
A systems-wide understanding of photosynthetic acclimation in algae and higher plants
2017
The ability of phototrophs to colonise different environments relies on robust protection against oxidative stress, a critical requirement for the successful evolutionary transition from water to land. Photosynthetic organisms have developed numerous strategies to adapt their photosynthetic apparatus to changing light conditions in order to optimise their photosynthetic yield, which is crucial for life on Earth to exist. Photosynthetic acclimation is an excellent example of the complexity of biological systems, where highly diverse processes, ranging from electron excitation over protein protonation to enzymatic processes coupling ion gradients with biosynthetic activity, interact on drasti…
Bacterial community diversity harboured by interacting species
2016
International audience; All animals are infected by microbial partners that can be passengers or residents and influence many biological traits of their hosts. Even if important factors that structure the composition and abundance of microbial communities within and among host individuals have been recently described, such as diet, developmental stage or phylogeny, few studies have conducted cross-taxonomic comparisons, especially on host species related by trophic relationships. Here, we describe and compare the microbial communities associated with the cabbage root fly Delia radicum and its three major parasitoids: the two staphylinid beetles Aleochara bilineata and A. bipustulata and the…
Les actions du chlorfenprop-methyl sur l'integrite membranaire dans les mitochondries des plantes
1983
Summary The action of chlorfenprop-methyl, chlorfenprop and its cysteine conjugate was studied on potato tuber mitochondria. Chlorfenprop-methyl altered membrane structure at 250 μM. leading to a loss of membrane integrity. Chlorfenprop and its cysteine conjugate were without any significant effects. From what is known about the rapid hydrolysis of chlorfenprop-methyl in plant tissues and from the results presented in this paper, it was deduced that alteration in intra-cellular membrane integrity is not a mechanism of phytotoxic action for chlorfenprop-methyl. Resume Les actions du chlorfenprop-methyl sur l'integrite membranaire dans les mitochondries des plantes Les actions du chlorfenprop…
Inhibition of succinate oxidation by the herbicide UKJ72J
1985
Abstract The inhibitory activity of the herbicide UKJ72J on succinate oxidation in mitochondria from various plant species was studied. In monocotyledons (Gramineae: wheat, oat, maize; Liliaceae: onion, leek) succinate oxidation was affected only at high concentrations. Among dicotyledons widely differing sensitivities were found: in Solanaceae (tomato, potato, tobacco), Leguminosae (mung bean, soybean) and Compositae (sunflower) I 50 concentrations for UKJ72J inhibition were below 55 μM. In Cruciferae (turnip, cauliflowers Chenopodiaceae (lambsquarter, beetroot) and Compositae (endive) I 50 were between 100 and 250 μM, whereas in Rosaceae (apple, pear) and Umbelliferae (carrot, fennel) I 5…
Adsorption et desorption de la terbutryne par une montmorillonite-Ca et des acides humiques seuls ou en melanges
1977
Resume: L' effet du pH sur l'adsorption de la terbutryne par des acides humiques, une montmorillonite-Ca ou leurs melanges montre une certaine similitude de comportement entre ces derniers et l'argile seule. Au voisinage de la neutralite, seuls les acides humiques adsorbent la terbutryne. En milieu acide, les isothermes d'adsorption de la terbutryne par les acides humiques et la montmorillonite sont respectivement de type L et S et traduisent une affinite adsorbat-adsorbant differente; les isothermes d'adsorption correspondant aux melanges ont une forme differente et font apparaitre un effet de synergie, en particulier dans le cas des melanges pauvres en acides humiques. La dsorption saccom…
The effect of substituted urea herbicides on the growth of excised tomato roots
1983
Summary The action of 23 herbictdal substituted ureas on the growth of excised tomato roots was studied in order to determine whether there is a link between the effects of these herbicides on oxidative phosphorylation and on the growth of non-photosynthetic tissues. Fourteen of these herbicides were inhibitory; chlortoluron and TBU were stimulatory but only in the light. Substituted ureas known to affect plant mitochondria inhibited root growth but to a lesser extent than some which had no action on mitochondria. No clear relationship was found between actions on mitochondria and on root growth. It is suggested that targets other than photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation exist for …