Search results for "Vessel"
showing 10 items of 751 documents
Nitric Oxide Opposes Myogenic Pressure Responses Predominantly in Large Arterioles In Vivo
1998
Abstract —A myogenic vasoconstriction may amplify the effects of circulating vasoconstrictors. In cremaster arterioles, the contribution of a myogenic component to the constriction on intravenous infusion of norepinephrine (NE) or angiotensin II (Ang II) was studied. Second, the role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) in the control of these myogenic constrictions and its site of action in the resistance vascular bed was investigated. In 30 anesthetized (pentobarbital) hamsters, the cremaster was prepared for intravital microscopy, and a pneumatic vessel occluder was placed around the aorta to vary blood pressure in the hindquarter of the animal. Intravenous infusion of NE (0.5 nmol/…
Secondary aortoduodenal fistula.
2008
Aorto-duodenal fistulae (ADF) are the most frequent aorto-enteric fistulae (80%), presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We report the first case of a man with a secondary aorto-duodenal fistula presenting with a history of persistent occlusive syndrome. A 59-year old man who underwent an aortic-bi-femoral bypass 5 years ago, presented with dyspepsia and biliary vomiting. Computed tomography scan showed in the third duodenal segment the presence of inflammatory tissue with air bubbles between the duodenum and prosthesis, adherent to the duodenum. The patient was submitted to surgery, during which the prosthesis was detached from the duodenum, the intestine failed to close and a ga…
Fetuin-A is Associated to Serum Calcium and AHSG T256S Genotype but Not to Coronary Artery Calcification
2015
Vascular calcification has been recently associated to an increased cardiovascular risk and mortality. In few studies, Fetuin-A showed an association to coronary artery calcification (CAC), although the physiopathological mechanism underlying this association has not been fully established yet. Seventy-four patients with one or more cardiovascular risk factor and asymptomatic for coronary vasculopathy were included in the study. CAC was evaluated by Agatston score. Serum Fetuin-A levels were determined by ELISA. Molecular analysis of AHSG T256S gene variant (rs4918) was performed by PCR-RFLP. Serum Fetuin-A was correlated to serum calcium (r = 0,321; P = 0,018), but not to serum phosphorous…
Arrhythmic sudden cardiac death in a 3-year-old child with intimal fibroplasia of coronary arteries, aorta, and its branches
2001
Abstract We report an unusual case of “arrhythmic” sudden cardiac death in a 3-year-old child who died of ischemic myocardial lesions as a result of intimal fibroplasia of the coronary arteries. Also affected were the aorta and its major branches, whereas renal and mesenteric arteries, celiac trunk, and systemic veins were normal. Histopathologic examination showed severe concentric thickening of intima because of a proliferation of spindle-shaped cells (mesenchymal cells) set in an abundant extracellular matrix. In some vascular segments the intima was densely fibrotic and hyalinized. No significant inflammation, foam cells, cholesterol clefts, or other evidence of atheroma were present. T…
Kinetics of endocan in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass
2018
Abstract Background Endocan plays an important role in the processes of inflammation and infection. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery can induce an inflammatory response. We aimed to describe the kinetics of endocan in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with and without the use of CPB. Methods Single-centre, observational study with retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, to compare the kinetics of endocan in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Endocan was measured at induction of general anesthesia (baseline), and at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after the end of surgery. Patients were classified into two groups, name…
Prediction of long-term major events soon after a first ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction by cardiovascular magnetic resonance.
2016
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) predicts combined clinical events in post-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. However, its contribution to predicting long-term major events (ME: cardiac death and non-fatal myocardial infarction [MI]) is unknown. We aimed to assess whether CMR predicts long-term MEs when performed soon after STEMI.We prospectively recruited 546 STEMI patients between 2004 and 2012. The Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF,%), infarct size (IS), edema, hemorrhage, microvascular obstruction, and myocardial salvage were quantified by CMR at pre-discharge. During a mean follow-up of 840 days, 57 ME events (10%; 23 cardiac deaths, 34 non-…
Post-Reperfusion Lymphopenia and Microvascular Obstruction in ST-Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction
2009
The presence of microvascular obstruction after ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction is associated with a poor outcome. The pathophysiology of this process has not been fully defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between post-reperfusion lymphopenia and microvascular obstruction.This prospective study involved 212 patients with a first ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction who underwent reperfusion with thrombolytic agents or primary angioplasty and who had an open infarct-related artery. Serial measurements of lymphocyte, neutrophil and monocyte counts were taken. Cardiac magnetic resonance was used to detect microvascular obstruction dur…
Myocarditis in Relation to Angiographic Findings in Patients With Provisional Diagnoses of MINOCA
2020
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of myocarditis among patients presenting with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) in relation to the angiographic severity of nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).MINOCA represents about 6% of all cases of acute myocardial infarction. Myocarditis is a diagnosis that may be identified by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in patients with a provisional diagnosis of MINOCA.A systematic review was performed to identify studies reporting the results of CMR findings in MINOCA patients with nonobstructive CAD or normal coronary arteries. Study-level and individual patient data meta-analyses were p…
Oxidative Inhibition of the Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Promotes Nitroglycerin Tolerance in Human Blood Vessels
2007
Objectives We tested the hypothesis of whether an inhibition of the nitroglycerin (GTN) bioactivating enzyme mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-2) contributes to GTN tolerance in human blood vessels. Background The hemodynamic effects of GTN are rapidly blunted by the development of tolerance, a phenomenon associated with increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent studies suggest that ROS-induced inhibition of ALDH-2 accounts for tolerance in animal models. Methods Segments of surgically removed arteria mammaria and vena saphena from patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery were used to examine the vascular responsiveness to GTN and the endothelium-dependent vas…
Noninvasive Visualization of an Apparent Patent Intracoronary Stent by Transesophageal Echocardiography
1995
In the area of increasing interventional techniques there is a need for noninvasive imaging modalities to provide postinterventional follow-up. We were able to visualize the apparent patency and measure the dimensions of an intracoronary Palmaz-Schatz stent in the left circumflex coronary artery using transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography. This report indicates the potential of echocardiography to directly assess coronary stents.